--- title: Ecclesiastes 3:11 — He hath made every thing beautiful in its time; also He hath set the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: He hath made every thing beautiful in its time; also He hath set the world in their heart, yet so that man cannot find out the work that God hath done from the beginning even to the end. Who acts: God, man. Ecclesiastes 3:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.3.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ecclesiastes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/3/) / 3:11 # Ecclesiastes 3:11 קֹהֶלֶת **Who acts:** God, man · **What happens:** make, set, not find out, do · **To what, where:** thing, world, heart, work, beginning This is Ecclesiastes 3:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, man — and what happens in the verse to thing, world, heart, work, beginning, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֶת־הַכֹּ֥ל עָשָׂ֖ה יָפֶ֣ה בְעִתּ֑וֹ גַּ֤ם אֶת־הָעֹלָם֙ נָתַ֣ן בְּלִבָּ֔ם מִבְּלִ֞י אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹא־יִמְצָ֣א הָאָדָ֗ם אֶת־הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֥ה הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מֵרֹ֥אשׁ וְעַד־סֽוֹף׃ [He hath made every thing beautiful in its time; also He hath set the world in their heart, yet so that man cannot find out the work that God hath done from the beginning even to the end.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.61/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ECC:54 # text = אֶת־הַכֹּ֥ל עָשָׂ֖ה יָפֶ֣ה בְעִתּ֑וֹ גַּ֤ם אֶת־הָעֹלָם֙ נָתַ֣ן בְּלִבָּ֔ם מִבְּלִ֞י אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹא־יִמְצָ֣א הָאָדָ֗ם אֶת־הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֥ה הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מֵרֹ֥אשׁ וְעַד־סֽוֹף׃ # verse = ECC.3.11 1 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ECC_3:11!1|MId=o210030110011|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 2-3 הַכֹּ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_3:11!2|MId=o210030110021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 כֹּ֥ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=everything|Ref=ECC_3:11!2|MId=o210030110022|Strong=3605 4 עָשָׂ֖ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.has.made|Ref=ECC_3:11!3|MId=o210030110031|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:210030100061;A1:210030110022;|Type=qatal 5 יָפֶ֣ה יָפֶה ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 xcomp _ Gloss=beautiful|Ref=ECC_3:11!4|MId=o210030110041|Strong=3303|Type=adjective 6-8 בְעִתּ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ECC_3:11!5|MId=o210030110051|Strong=0871a 7 עִתּ עֵת NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=time|Ref=ECC_3:11!5|MId=o210030110052|Strong=6256 8 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ECC_3:11!5|MId=o210030110053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9 גַּ֤ם גַּם ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=ECC_3:11!6|MId=o210030110061|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 10 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ECC_3:11!7|MId=o210030110071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 11-12 הָעֹלָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_3:11!8|MId=o210030110081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 עֹלָם֙ עוֹלָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=perpetuity|Ref=ECC_3:11!8|MId=o210030110082|Strong=5769 13 נָתַ֣ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=he.has.put|Ref=ECC_3:11!9|MId=o210030110091|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:210030100061;A1:210030110082;|Type=qatal 14-16 בְּלִבָּ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ECC_3:11!10|MId=o210030110101|Strong=0871a 15 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=heart|Ref=ECC_3:11!10|MId=o210030110102|Strong=3820 16 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=ECC_3:11!10|MId=o210030110103|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17-18 מִבְּלִ֞י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ECC_3:11!11|MId=o210030110111|Strong=4480 18 בְּלִ֞י בְּלִי ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=not|Ref=ECC_3:11!11|MId=o210030110112|Strong=1097 19 אֲשֶׁ֧ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=ECC_3:11!12|MId=o210030110121|Strong=0834|Type=relative 20 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ECC_3:11!13|MId=o210030110131|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 21 יִמְצָ֣א מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.find|Ref=ECC_3:11!14|MId=o210030110141|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:210030110152;A1:210030110172;|Type=yiqtol 22-23 הָאָדָ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_3:11!15|MId=o210030110151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 אָדָ֗ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=ECC_3:11!15|MId=o210030110152|Strong=0120 24 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ECC_3:11!16|MId=o210030110161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ECC_3:11!17|MId=o210030110171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 מַּעֲשֶׂ֛ה מַעֲשֶׂה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obj _ Gloss=work|Ref=ECC_3:11!17|MId=o210030110172|Strong=4639 27 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=ECC_3:11!18|MId=o210030110181|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 28 עָשָׂ֥ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 26 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.done|Ref=ECC_3:11!19|MId=o210030110191|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:210030110202;A1:210030110172;|Type=qatal 29-30 הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_3:11!20|MId=o210030110201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=ECC_3:11!20|MId=o210030110202|Strong=0430 31-32 מֵרֹ֥אשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ECC_3:11!21|MId=o210030110211|Strong=4480 32 רֹ֥אשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=beginning|Ref=ECC_3:11!21|MId=o210030110212|Strong=7218 33-34 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_3:11!22|MId=o210030110221|Strong=2050b 34 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_3:11!22|MId=o210030110222|Strong=5704 35 סֽוֹף סוֹף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 conj _ Gloss=end|Ref=ECC_3:11!23|MId=o210030110231|Strong=5490|SpaceAfter=No 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=ECC_3:11!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָשָׂה *he has made* | qatal · qal | | כֹּל *everything* | | | | נָתַן *he has put* | qatal · qal | | עֹלָם *perpetuity* | | | | **not** יִמְצָא *he will find* | yiqtol · qal | אָדָם *humankind* | מַּעֲשֶׂה *work* | | | | עָשָׂה *he has done* | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | מַּעֲשֶׂה *work* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אֲמַר שְׁלֹמֹה מַלְכָּא בְּרוּחַ נְבוּאָה יָת כּוֹלָא עֲבַד יְיָ שַׁפִּיר בְּעִדָּנֵיהּ דְּחָזְיָא \[הֲוַת\] מַצּוּתָא דַּהֲוָת בְּיוֹמֵי יָרָבְעָם בַּר נְבָט לְמֶהֱוֵי בְיוֹמֵי שֶׁבַע בַּר בִּכְרִי וְאִתְעַכַּבַת וְהֲוָאַת בְּיוֹמֵי יָרָבְעָם בַּר נְבָט דְּאִלּוּ הֲוָת בְּיוֹמֵי שֶׁבַע בַּר בִּכְרִי לָא הֲוָת מִתְבְּנֵי בֵּית מוּקְדְּשָׁא עַל עֵסַק עִגְלִין דִּדְהַב דַּעֲבַד יָרָבְעָם חַיָּבָא וְשַׁוִּינוּן חַד בְּבֵית אֵל וְחַד בְּדָן וּמַנִּי פְרַזְדָּוָן עַל שְׁבִילָא וּפָסְקוּ עוֹלֵי רִגְלָאִין וּבְגִין כֵּן אִתְעַכַּבַת עַד זְמָן דְּיִתְבְּנֵי בֵּית מוּקְדְּשָׁא בְּגִין דְּלָא יְעַכְּבוּן יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמִבְנֵי יָתֵיהּ אַף יָת שְׁמָא רַבָּא דַּהֲוָת כְּתִיב וּמְפָרַשׁ עַל אֶבֶן שַׁתְיָא כַּסִּי מִנְּהוֹן דְּאִשְׁתְּמוֹדַע קֳדָמוֹהִי יִצְרָא בִּישָׁא דִי בְּלִבְּהוֹן דְּאִלּוּ הֲוָה מְסִיר בְּיַד אֱנָשׁ הֲוָה אֵינָשֵי מְשַׁמֵשׁ בֵּיהּ וּמַשְׁכַּח בְּגַוָהּ מַה דַּעֲתִיד לְמֶהֱוֵי בְּסוֹף יוֹמַיָּא עַד עָלְמֵי עָלְמַיָּא וְאַף יוֹם מוֹתָא כַּסִּי מִנְּהוֹן בְּדִיל דְּלָא יְהוֹדַע לִגְבַר מִן רֵישָׁא מַה דַּעֲתִיד לְמֵיתֵי בְּסוֹפָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [He hath made every thing beautiful in its time; also He hath set the world in their heart, yet so that man cannot find out the work that God hath done from the beginning even to the end.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.61/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ECC:54`. - ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 3:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.3.10/) - next →: [Ecclesiastes 3:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.3.12/) - ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/3/)