--- title: Ecclesiastes 3:14 — I know that, whatsoever God doeth, it shall be for ever; nothing can… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: I know that, whatsoever God doeth, it shall be for ever; nothing can be added to it, nor any thing taken from it; and God hath so made it, that men should fear before Him. Who acts: I, God, men. Ecclesiastes 3:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every cl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.3.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ecclesiastes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/3/) / 3:14 # Ecclesiastes 3:14 קֹהֶלֶת **Who acts:** I, God, men · **What happens:** know, do, add, take, make, fear · **To what, where:** whatsoever, nothing, pleasure, thing This is Ecclesiastes 3:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, God, men — and what happens in the verse to whatsoever, nothing, pleasure, thing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּ֠י כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַעֲשֶׂ֤ה הָאֱלֹהִים֙ ה֚וּא יִהְיֶ֣ה לְעוֹלָ֔ם עָלָיו֙ אֵ֣ין לְהוֹסִ֔יף וּמִמֶּ֖נּוּ אֵ֣ין לִגְרֹ֑עַ וְהָאֱלֹהִ֣ים עָשָׂ֔ה שֶׁיִּֽרְא֖וּ מִלְּפָנָֽיו׃ [I know that, whatsoever God doeth, it shall be for ever; nothing can be added to it, nor any thing taken from it; and God hath so made it, that men should fear before Him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.64/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ECC:57 # text = יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּ֠י כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַעֲשֶׂ֤ה הָאֱלֹהִים֙ ה֚וּא יִהְיֶ֣ה לְעוֹלָ֔ם עָלָיו֙ אֵ֣ין לְהוֹסִ֔יף וּמִמֶּ֖נּוּ אֵ֣ין לִגְרֹ֑עַ וְהָאֱלֹהִ֣ים עָשָׂ֔ה שֶׁיִּֽרְא֖וּ מִלְּפָנָֽיו׃ # verse = ECC.3.14 1 יָדַ֗עְתִּי יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.know|Ref=ECC_3:14!1|MId=o210030140011|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:210010120021;A1:210030140081;210030140111;210030140141;210030140171;|Type=qatal 2 כִּ֠י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=ECC_3:14!2|MId=o210030140021|Strong=3588 3 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 ccomp _ Gloss=all|Ref=ECC_3:14!3|MId=o210030140031|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 4 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=ECC_3:14!4|MId=o210030140041|Strong=0834|Type=relative 5 יַעֲשֶׂ֤ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.does|Ref=ECC_3:14!5|MId=o210030140051|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:210030140062;A1:210030140031;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 הָאֱלֹהִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_3:14!6|MId=o210030140061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 אֱלֹהִים֙ אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=ECC_3:14!6|MId=o210030140062|Strong=0430 8 ה֚וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_3:14!7|MId=o210030140071|Strong=1931|Type=personal 9 יִהְיֶ֣ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=ECC_3:14!8|MId=o210030140081|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:210030140071;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 לְעוֹלָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=forever|Ref=ECC_3:14!9|MId=o210030140091|Strong=3807a 11 עוֹלָ֔ם עוֹלָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Gloss=of.perpetuity|Ref=ECC_3:14!9|MId=o210030140092|Strong=5769 12-13 עָלָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 עָלָי עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_3:14!10|MId=o210030140101|Strong=5921 13 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_3:14!10|MId=o210030140102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14 אֵ֣ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 3 parataxis _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=ECC_3:14!11|MId=o210030140111|Strong=0369|Type=negative 15-16 לְהוֹסִ֔יף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_3:14!12|MId=o210030140121|Strong=3807a 16 הוֹסִ֔יף יָסַף VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 14 nsubj _ Gloss=add|Ref=ECC_3:14!12|MId=o210030140122|Strong=3254|Frame=A0:;|Type=infinitive_construct 17-19 וּמִמֶּ֖נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_3:14!13|MId=o210030140131|Strong=2050b 18 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ECC_3:14!13|MId=o210030140132|Strong=4480 19 ֶ֖נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_3:14!13|MId=o210030140133|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 20 אֵ֣ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 14 conj _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=ECC_3:14!14|MId=o210030140141|Strong=0369|Type=negative 21-22 לִגְרֹ֑עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_3:14!15|MId=o210030140151|Strong=3807a 22 גְרֹ֑עַ גָּרַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 20 nsubj _ Gloss=take.away|Ref=ECC_3:14!15|MId=o210030140152|Strong=1639|Frame=A0:;|Type=infinitive_construct 23-25 וְהָאֱלֹהִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_3:14!16|MId=o210030140161|Strong=2050b 24 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_3:14!16|MId=o210030140162|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=ECC_3:14!16|MId=o210030140163|Strong=0430 26 עָשָׂ֔ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.has.acted|Ref=ECC_3:14!17|MId=o210030140171|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:210030140163;A1:210030140182;|Type=qatal 27-28 שֶׁיִּֽרְא֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 שֶׁ שֶׁ SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=ECC_3:14!18|MId=o210030140181|Strong=7578a|Type=relative 28 יִּֽרְא֖וּ יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 26 acl:relcl _ Gloss=people.will.fear|Ref=ECC_3:14!18|MId=o210030140182|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:;|Type=yiqtol 29-32 מִלְּפָנָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ECC_3:14!19|MId=o210030140191|Strong=4480 30 לְּ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=ECC_3:14!19|MId=o210030140192|Strong=3807a 31 פָנָֽי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 28 obl _ Gloss=face|Ref=ECC_3:14!19|MId=o210030140193|Strong=6440 32 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=him|Ref=ECC_3:14!19|MId=o210030140194|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=ECC_3:14!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָדַעְתִּי *I know* | qatal · qal | | יִהְיֶה *it will be* + אֵין *there \[is\] not* + אֵין *there \[is\] not* + עָשָׂה *he has acted* | | | | יַעֲשֶׂה *he does* | yiqtol · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | כָּל־ *all* | | | | יִהְיֶה *it will be* | yiqtol · qal | הוּא *it* | | | | | הוֹסִיף *add* | infinitive construct · hiphil | | | | | | גְרֹעַ *take away* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | עָשָׂה *he has acted* | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | יִּֽרְאוּ *people will fear* | | | | יִּֽרְאוּ *people will fear* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} יְדָעִית בְּרוּחַ נְבוּאָה אֲרוּם כָּל דְּיַעֲבֵיד יְיָ בְּעַלְמָא בֵּין טָב לְבִישׁ מִדְּאִתְגְּזַר מִפּוּמֵּיהּ הוּא יְהֵא לְעָלַם עֲלוֹהִי לֵית רְשׁוּ לִגְבַר לְאוֹסָפָא וּמִנֵּיהּ לֵית רְשׁוּ לִגְבַר לְבַצָּרָא וּבְעִדָּן דְּיֵיתֵי פּוּרְעָנוּתָא בְּעָלְמָא יְיָ הוּא דַּעֲבַד בְּגִין דִי יִדְחֲלוּן בְּנֵי אֱנָשָׁא מִן קֳדָמוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [I know that, whatsoever God doeth, it shall be for ever; nothing can be added to it, nor any thing taken from it; and God hath so made it, that men should fear before Him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.64/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ECC:57`. - ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 3:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.3.13/) - next →: [Ecclesiastes 3:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.3.15/) - ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/3/)