--- title: Ecclesiastes 5:1 — Be not rash with thy mouth, and let not thy heart be hasty to utter… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Be not rash with thy mouth, and let not thy heart be hasty to utter a word before God; for God is in heaven, and thou upon earth; therefore let thy words be few. Who acts: you, heart, God, words. Ecclesiastes 5:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every cl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.5.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ecclesiastes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/5/) / 5:1 # Ecclesiastes 5:1 קֹהֶלֶת **Who acts:** you, heart, God, words, thy · **What happens:** not be, let, be, utter, word · **To what, where:** heart, word, heaven, words This is Ecclesiastes 5:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, heart, God, words, thy — and what happens in the verse to heart, word, heaven, words, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אַל־תְּבַהֵ֨ל עַל־פִּ֜יךָ וְלִבְּךָ֧ אַל־יְמַהֵ֛ר לְהוֹצִ֥יא דָבָ֖ר לִפְנֵ֣י הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּ֣י הָאֱלֹהִ֤ים בַּשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְאַתָּ֣ה עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ עַֽל־כֵּ֛ןיִהְי֥וּ דְבָרֶ֖יךָ מְעַטִּֽים׃ [Be not rash with thy mouth, and let not thy heart be hasty to utter a word before God; for God is in heaven, and thou upon earth; therefore let thy words be few.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.92/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ECC:83 # text = אַל־תְּבַהֵ֨ל עַל־פִּ֜יךָ וְלִבְּךָ֧ אַל־יְמַהֵ֛ר לְהוֹצִ֥יא דָבָ֖ר לִפְנֵ֣י הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּ֣י הָאֱלֹהִ֤ים בַּשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְאַתָּ֣ה עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ עַֽל־כֵּ֛ןיִהְי֥וּ דְבָרֶ֖יךָ מְעַטִּֽים׃ # verse = ECC.5.1 1 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=ECC_5:1!1|MId=o210050010011|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 2 תְּבַהֵ֨ל בָּהַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=be.hasty|Ref=ECC_5:1!2|MId=o210050010021|Strong=0926|Frame=A0:210120120031;|Type=jussive 3 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ECC_5:1!3|MId=o210050010031|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 פִּ֜יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 פִּ֜י פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=ECC_5:1!4|MId=o210050010041|Strong=6310 5 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ECC_5:1!4|MId=o210050010042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 6-8 וְלִבְּךָ֧ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_5:1!5|MId=o210050010051|Strong=2050b 7 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=ECC_5:1!5|MId=o210050010052|Strong=3820 8 ְךָ֧ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ECC_5:1!5|MId=o210050010053|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 9 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ECC_5:1!6|MId=o210050010061|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 10 יְמַהֵ֛ר מָהַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=let.it.hasten|Ref=ECC_5:1!7|MId=o210050010071|Strong=4116|Frame=A0:210050010052;|Type=jussive 11-12 לְהוֹצִ֥יא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_5:1!8|MId=o210050010081|Strong=3807a 12 הוֹצִ֥יא יָצָא VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 10 xcomp _ Gloss=bring.forth|Ref=ECC_5:1!8|MId=o210050010082|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:210050010052;A0:210050010091;|Type=infinitive_construct 13 דָבָ֖ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=a.matter|Ref=ECC_5:1!9|MId=o210050010091|Strong=1697 14-15 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=ECC_5:1!10|MId=o210050010101|Strong=3807a 15 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=ECC_5:1!10|MId=o210050010102|Strong=6440 16-17 הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_5:1!11|MId=o210050010111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=ECC_5:1!11|MId=o210050010112|Strong=0430 18 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ECC_5:1!12|MId=o210050010121|Strong=3588 19-20 הָאֱלֹהִ֤ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_5:1!13|MId=o210050010131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 אֱלֹהִ֤ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=ECC_5:1!13|MId=o210050010132|Strong=0430 21-23 בַּשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[is].in|Ref=ECC_5:1!14|MId=o210050010141|Strong=0871a 22 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ECC_5:1!14|MId=o210050010141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 שָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 advcl _ Gloss=heavens|Ref=ECC_5:1!14|MId=o210050010142|Strong=8064 24-25 וְאַתָּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_5:1!15|MId=o210050010151|Strong=2050b 25 אַתָּ֣ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=ECC_5:1!15|MId=o210050010152|Strong=0859|Type=personal 26 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=[are].on|Ref=ECC_5:1!16|MId=o210050010161|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 הָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ECC_5:1!17|MId=o210050010171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=earth|Ref=ECC_5:1!17|MId=o210050010172|Strong=0776 29 עַֽל־ עַל ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=ECC_5:1!18|MId=o210050010181|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 כֵּ֛ןיִהְי֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 כֵּ֛ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=|Ref=ECC_5:1!19|MId=o210050010191|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 31 יִהְי֥וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 34 cop _ Gloss=let.them.be|Ref=ECC_5:1!20|MId=o210050010201|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:210050010211;|Type=jussive 32-33 דְבָרֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 דְבָרֶ֖י דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ Gloss=words|Ref=ECC_5:1!21|MId=o210050010211|Strong=1697 33 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ECC_5:1!21|MId=o210050010212|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 34 מְעַטִּֽים מְעַט ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 parataxis _ Gloss=few|Ref=ECC_5:1!22|MId=o210050010221|Strong=4592|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=ECC_5:1!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** תְּבַהֵל *be hasty* | jussive · piel | | | | | | **not** יְמַהֵר *let it hasten* | jussive · piel | לִבּ *heart* | | | | | הוֹצִיא *bring forth* | infinitive construct · hiphil | דָבָר *a matter* | | | לִבּ *heart* | | יִהְיוּ *let them be* | jussive · qal | דְבָרֶי *words* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} לָא תְבַהֵיל עַל מֵימְרָךְ לְשַׁבָּשָׁא יָת מִלֵּי פוּמָּךְ וְלִבָּךְ לָא יוֹחֵי לְאַפָּקָא מַמְלַל בְּעִדָּן דְּאַתְּ מְצַלֵּי \[מִן\] קֳדָם יְיָ אֲרוּם יְיָ שַׁלִּיט עַל כָּל עָלְמָא וְיָתִיב עַל כּוּרְסֵי יְקָרֵיהּ בִּשְׁמֵיה מְרוֹמָא וְאַנְתְּ יָתִיב עַל אַרְעָא בְּגִין כֵּן יְהוֹן מִלֵּי פוּמָּךְ קַלִּילִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Be not rash with thy mouth, and let not thy heart be hasty to utter a word before God; for God is in heaven, and thou upon earth; therefore let thy words be few.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.92/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ECC:83`. - ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 4:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.4.17/) - next →: [Ecclesiastes 5:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.5.2/) - ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/5/)