--- title: Ecclesiastes 5:18 — Every man also to whom God hath given riches and wealth, and hath gi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Every man also to whom God hath given riches and wealth, and hath given him power to eat thereof, and to take his portion, and to rejoice in his labour — this is the gift of God. Who acts: God, this. Ecclesiastes 5:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.5.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ecclesiastes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/5/) / 5:18 # Ecclesiastes 5:18 קֹהֶלֶת **Who acts:** God, this · **What happens:** give, eat, take, rejoice, be · **To what, where:** riches, man, power, God, portion, labour This is Ecclesiastes 5:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, this — and what happens in the verse to riches, man, power, God, portion, labour, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. גַּ֣ם כָּֽל־הָאָדָ֡ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָֽתַן־ל֣וֹ הָאֱלֹהִים֩ עֹ֨שֶׁר וּנְכָסִ֜ים וְהִשְׁלִיט֨וֹ לֶאֱכֹ֤ל מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ וְלָשֵׂ֣את אֶת־חֶלְק֔וֹ וְלִשְׂמֹ֖חַ בַּעֲמָל֑וֹ זֹ֕ה מַתַּ֥ת אֱלֹהִ֖ים הִֽיא׃ [Every man also to whom God hath given riches and wealth, and hath given him power to eat thereof, and to take his portion, and to rejoice in his labour — this is the gift of God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.109/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ECC:100 # text = גַּ֣ם כָּֽל־הָאָדָ֡ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָֽתַן־ל֣וֹ הָאֱלֹהִים֩ עֹ֨שֶׁר וּנְכָסִ֜ים וְהִשְׁלִיט֨וֹ לֶאֱכֹ֤ל מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ וְלָשֵׂ֣את אֶת־חֶלְק֔וֹ וְלִשְׂמֹ֖חַ בַּעֲמָל֑וֹ זֹ֕ה מַתַּ֥ת אֱלֹהִ֖ים הִֽיא׃ # verse = ECC.5.18 1 גַּ֣ם גַּם ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=ECC_5:18!1|MId=o210050180011|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 2 כָּֽל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 dislocated _ Gloss=every|Ref=ECC_5:18!2|MId=o210050180021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 3-4 הָאָדָ֡ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_5:18!3|MId=o210050180031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אָדָ֡ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=person|Ref=ECC_5:18!3|MId=o210050180032|Strong=0120 5 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=ECC_5:18!4|MId=o210050180041|Strong=0834|Type=relative 6 נָֽתַן־ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.given|Ref=ECC_5:18!5|MId=o210050180051|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:210050180072;A1:210050180081;210050180092;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 ל֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 ל לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_5:18!6|MId=o210050180061|Strong=3807a 8 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=ECC_5:18!6|MId=o210050180062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9-10 הָאֱלֹהִים֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ECC_5:18!7|MId=o210050180071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 אֱלֹהִים֩ אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=ECC_5:18!7|MId=o210050180072|Strong=0430 11 עֹ֨שֶׁר עֹשֶׁר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=wealth|Ref=ECC_5:18!8|MId=o210050180081|Strong=6239 12-13 וּנְכָסִ֜ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_5:18!9|MId=o210050180091|Strong=2050b 13 נְכָסִ֜ים נְכָסִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 conj _ Gloss=riches|Ref=ECC_5:18!9|MId=o210050180092|Strong=5233 14-16 וְהִשְׁלִיט֨וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_5:18!10|MId=o210050180101|Strong=2050b 15 הִשְׁלִיט שָׁלַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=ECC_5:18!10|MId=o210050180102|Strong=7980|Frame=AA:210050180072;A0:210050180103;|Type=qatal 16 ֨וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=has.given.him.power|Ref=ECC_5:18!10|MId=o210050180103|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17-18 לֶאֱכֹ֤ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_5:18!11|MId=o210050180111|Strong=3807a 18 אֱכֹ֤ל אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 15 advcl _ Gloss=eat|Ref=ECC_5:18!11|MId=o210050180112|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:210050180032;|Type=infinitive_construct 19-20 מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ECC_5:18!12|MId=o210050180121|Strong=4480 20 ֶ֙נּוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_5:18!12|MId=o210050180122|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 21-23 וְלָשֵׂ֣את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_5:18!13|MId=o210050180131|Strong=2050b 22 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_5:18!13|MId=o210050180132|Strong=3807a 23 שֵׂ֣את נָשָׂא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 18 conj _ Gloss=receive|Ref=ECC_5:18!13|MId=o210050180133|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:210050180032;A1:210050180151;|Type=infinitive_construct 24 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ECC_5:18!14|MId=o210050180141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 חֶלְק֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 חֶלְק חֵלֶק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=portion|Ref=ECC_5:18!15|MId=o210050180151|Strong=2506 26 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ECC_5:18!15|MId=o210050180152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27-29 וְלִשְׂמֹ֖חַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_5:18!16|MId=o210050180161|Strong=2050b 28 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ECC_5:18!16|MId=o210050180162|Strong=3807a 29 שְׂמֹ֖חַ שָׂמַח VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 18 conj _ Gloss=take.pleasure|Ref=ECC_5:18!16|MId=o210050180163|Strong=8055|Frame=A0:210050180032;|Type=infinitive_construct 30-32 בַּעֲמָל֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ECC_5:18!17|MId=o210050180171|Strong=0871a 31 עֲמָל עָמָל NOUN _ Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=toil|Ref=ECC_5:18!17|MId=o210050180172|Strong=5999 32 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ECC_5:18!17|MId=o210050180173|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 33 זֹ֕ה זֹה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=ECC_5:18!18|MId=o210050180181|Strong=2090|Type=demonstrative 34 מַתַּ֥ת מַתַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[is].a.gift|Ref=ECC_5:18!19|MId=o210050180191|Strong=4991 35 אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.God|Ref=ECC_5:18!20|MId=o210050180201|Strong=0430 36 הִֽיא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_5:18!21|MId=o210050180211|Strong=1931a|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=ECC_5:18!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָֽתַן־ *he has given* | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | עֹשֶׁר *wealth* + נְכָסִים *riches* | | | | הִשְׁלִיט *he* | qatal · hiphil | וֹ *has given him power* | | | אֱלֹהִים *God* | | אֱכֹל *eat* | infinitive construct · qal | אָדָם *person* | | | | | שֵׂאת *receive* | infinitive construct · qal | אָדָם *person* | חֶלְק *portion* | | | | שְׂמֹחַ *take pleasure* | infinitive construct · qal | אָדָם *person* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אוּף כָּל אֱנָשׁ דִּיהַב לֵיהּ יְיָ עוֹתָר וְנִכְסִין וְאַשְׁלְטֵיהּ \[יְיָ\] לְמֵיכַל מִנֵּיהּ בְּעַלְמָא הָדֵין וּלְמֶעֱבַּד מִנֵּיהּ צִדְקְתָא וּלְקַבָּלָא אֲגַר שְׁלִים בְּעַלְמָא דְּאָתֵי וּלְמִבְדַח בְּטוּרְחֵיהּ עִם צַדִּיקַיָּא הַא דָא מַתְּנָא דְּאִתְיְהִיבַת לֵיהּ בְּמַזָּלֵיהּ מִן קֳדָם יְיָ הוּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Every man also to whom God hath given riches and wealth, and hath given him power to eat thereof, and to take his portion, and to rejoice in his labour — this is the gift of God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.109/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ECC:100`. - ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 5:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.5.17/) - next →: [Ecclesiastes 5:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.5.19/) - ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/5/)