--- title: Ecclesiastes 9:14 — there was a little city, and few men within it; and there came a gre… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: there was a little city, and few men within it; and there came a great king against it, and besieged it, and built great bulwarks against it; Who acts: great king. Ecclesiastes 9:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.9.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ecclesiastes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/9/) / 9:14 # Ecclesiastes 9:14 קֹהֶלֶת **Who acts:** great king · **What happens:** come, besiege, build · **To what, where:** sun, great bulwarks This is Ecclesiastes 9:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — great king — and what happens in the verse to sun, great bulwarks, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עִ֣יר קְטַנָּ֔ה וַאֲנָשִׁ֥ים בָּ֖הּ מְעָ֑ט וּבָֽא־אֵלֶ֜יהָ מֶ֤לֶךְ גָּדוֹל֙ וְסָבַ֣ב אֹתָ֔הּ וּבָנָ֥ה עָלֶ֖יהָ מְצוֹדִ֥ים גְּדֹלִֽים׃ [there was a little city, and few men within it; and there came a great king against it, and besieged it, and built great bulwarks against it;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.183/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ECC:173 # text = עִ֣יר קְטַנָּ֔ה וַאֲנָשִׁ֥ים בָּ֖הּ מְעָ֑ט וּבָֽא־אֵלֶ֜יהָ מֶ֤לֶךְ גָּדוֹל֙ וְסָבַ֣ב אֹתָ֔הּ וּבָנָ֥ה עָלֶ֖יהָ מְצוֹדִ֥ים גְּדֹלִֽים׃ # verse = ECC.9.14 1 עִ֣יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 dislocated _ Gloss=a.city|Ref=ECC_9:14!1|MId=o210090140011|Strong=5892 2 קְטַנָּ֔ה קָטָן ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 amod _ Gloss=small|Ref=ECC_9:14!2|MId=o210090140021|Strong=6996|Type=adjective 3-4 וַאֲנָשִׁ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_9:14!3|MId=o210090140031|Strong=2050b 4 אֲנָשִׁ֥ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=men|Ref=ECC_9:14!3|MId=o210090140032|Strong=0376 5-6 בָּ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ECC_9:14!4|MId=o210090140041|Strong=0871a 6 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_9:14!4|MId=o210090140042|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 7 מְעָ֑ט מְעַט ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[were].few|Ref=ECC_9:14!5|MId=o210090140051|Strong=4592 8-9 וּבָֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_9:14!6|MId=o210090140061|Strong=2050b 9 בָֽא־ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=ECC_9:14!6|MId=o210090140062|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:210090140081;|Type=qatal 10-11 אֵלֶ֜יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֵלֶ֜י אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=ECC_9:14!7|MId=o210090140071|Strong=0413 11 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_9:14!7|MId=o210090140072|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 12 מֶ֤לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=a.king|Ref=ECC_9:14!8|MId=o210090140081|Strong=4428 13 גָּדוֹל֙ גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=ECC_9:14!9|MId=o210090140091|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 14-15 וְסָבַ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_9:14!10|MId=o210090140101|Strong=2050b 15 סָבַ֣ב סָבַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.surrounded|Ref=ECC_9:14!10|MId=o210090140102|Strong=5437|Frame=A0:210090140081;A1:210090140112;|Type=qatal 16-17 אֹתָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=|Ref=ECC_9:14!11|MId=o210090140111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 17 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_9:14!11|MId=o210090140112|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 18-19 וּבָנָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ECC_9:14!12|MId=o210090140121|Strong=2050b 19 בָנָ֥ה בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.built|Ref=ECC_9:14!12|MId=o210090140122|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:210090140081;A1:210090140141;|Type=qatal 20-21 עָלֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 עָלֶ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ECC_9:14!13|MId=o210090140131|Strong=5921 21 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ECC_9:14!13|MId=o210090140132|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 22 מְצוֹדִ֥ים מָצוֹד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 obj _ Gloss=siege.works|Ref=ECC_9:14!14|MId=o210090140141|Strong=4685a 23 גְּדֹלִֽים גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=ECC_9:14!15|MId=o210090140151|Strong=1419|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=ECC_9:14!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָֽא־ *he came* | qatal · qal | מֶלֶךְ *a king* | | | | | סָבַב *he surrounded* | qatal · qal | מֶלֶךְ *a king* | ָהּ *it* | | | | בָנָה *he built* | qatal · qal | מֶלֶךְ *a king* | מְצוֹדִים *siege works* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} גּוּף בַּר נְשָׁא דִּמְתִיל לְקַרְתָּא זְעֵירְתָּא וְגִבָּרִין גַבְרֵי חֵילָא זְעֵיר בְּגַוַּהּ הֵיכְמָא דְּקַלִּילִין זְכוּתֵיהּ בְּגוֹ לִבָּא דֶּאֱנָשָׁא וְיֵעוּל לְוַת גּוּפָא יִצְרָא בִּישָׁא דִּמְתִיל לְמֶלֶךְ רַב וְתַקִּיף לְאִתְכַּנְעָא וְאַסְחַר יָתֵיה לְמִטְעֵי יָתֵיהּ וּבְנָא עֲלוֹהִי אֲתַר לְמֵיתַב עַל דִי יִצְבֵי לְאַסְטָיוּתֵיהּ מִן אוֹרְחָן דְּתָקְנָן קֳדָם יְיָ לְאַחָדָא יָתֵיהּ בִּמְצוֹדִין רַבְרְבִין דְּגֵיהִנָּם לְאַדְלָקוּתֵיהּ שְׁבַע זִמְנִין עַל חוֹבוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [there was a little city, and few men within it; and there came a great king against it, and besieged it, and built great bulwarks against it;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.183/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ECC:173`. - ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 9:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.9.13/) - next →: [Ecclesiastes 9:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.9.15/) - ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC/9/)