--- title: Esther 1:10 — On the seventh day, when the heart of the king was merry with wine,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: On the seventh day, when the heart of the king was merry with wine, he commanded Mehuman, Bizzetha, Harbona, Bigtha, and Abagtha, Zethar, and Carcas, the seven chamberlains that ministered in the presence of Ahasuerus the king, Who acts: heart, king, seven chamberlains. Esther 1:10 in Hebrew with it --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/1/) / 1:10 # Esther 1:10 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** heart, king, seven chamberlains · **What happens:** be, command, minister · **To what, where:** Mehuman, presence · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Esther 1:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — heart, king, seven chamberlains — and what happens in the verse to Mehuman, presence, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י כְּט֥וֹב לֵב־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ בַּיָּ֑יִן אָמַ֡ר לִ֠מְהוּמָן בִּזְּתָ֨א חַרְבוֹנָ֜א בִּגְתָ֤א וַאֲבַגְתָא֙ זֵתַ֣ר וְכַרְכַּ֔ס שִׁבְעַת֙ הַסָּ֣רִיסִ֔ים הַמְשָׁ֣רְתִ֔ים אֶת־פְּנֵ֖י הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֽוֹשׁ׃ [On the seventh day, when the heart of the king was merry with wine, he commanded Mehuman, Bizzetha, Harbona, Bigtha, and Abagtha, Zethar, and Carcas, the seven chamberlains that ministered in the presence of Ahasuerus the king,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.9/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:9 # text = בַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י כְּט֥וֹב לֵב־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ בַּיָּ֑יִן אָמַ֡ר לִ֠מְהוּמָן בִּזְּתָ֨א חַרְבוֹנָ֜א בִּגְתָ֤א וַאֲבַגְתָא֙ זֵתַ֣ר וְכַרְכַּ֔ס שִׁבְעַת֙ הַסָּ֣רִיסִ֔ים הַמְשָׁ֣רְתִ֔ים אֶת־פְּנֵ֖י הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֽוֹשׁ׃ # verse = EST.1.10 1-3 בַּיּוֹם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_1:10!1|MId=o170010100011|Strong=0871a 2 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:10!1|MId=o170010100011ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 יּוֹם֙ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=EST_1:10!1|MId=o170010100012|Strong=3117 4-5 הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EST_1:10!2|MId=o170010100021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 שְּׁבִיעִ֔י שְׁבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nummod _ Gloss=seventh|Ref=EST_1:10!2|MId=o170010100022|Strong=7637|Type=ordinal_number 6-7 כְּט֥וֹב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=EST_1:10!3|MId=o170010100031|Strong=3509a 7 ט֥וֹב טוֹב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 14 advcl _ Gloss=as.was.good|Ref=EST_1:10!3|MId=o170010100032|Strong=2895|Frame=A0:170010100041;|Type=infinitive_construct 8 לֵב־ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=the.heart|Ref=EST_1:10!4|MId=o170010100041|Strong=3820|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_1:10!5|MId=o170010100051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_1:10!5|MId=o170010100052|Strong=4428 11-13 בַּיָּ֑יִן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EST_1:10!6|MId=o170010100061|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:10!6|MId=o170010100061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 יָּ֑יִן יַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=wine|Ref=EST_1:10!6|MId=o170010100062|Strong=3196 14 אָמַ֡ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=EST_1:10!7|MId=o170010100071|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:170010100052;|Type=qatal 15-16 לִ֠מְהוּמָן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לִ֠ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_1:10!8|MId=o170010100081|Strong=3807a 16 מְהוּמָן מְהוּמָן PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=Mehuman|Ref=EST_1:10!8|MId=o170010100082|Strong=4104 17 בִּזְּתָ֨א בִּזְּתָא PROPN _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=Biztha|Ref=EST_1:10!9|MId=o170010100091|Strong=0968 18 חַרְבוֹנָ֜א חַרְבוֹנָא PROPN _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=Harbona|Ref=EST_1:10!10|MId=o170010100101|Strong=2726 19 בִּגְתָ֤א בִּגְתָא PROPN _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=Bigtha|Ref=EST_1:10!11|MId=o170010100111|Strong=0903 20-21 וַאֲבַגְתָא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:10!12|MId=o170010100121|Strong=2050b 21 אֲבַגְתָא֙ אֲבַגְתָא PROPN _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=Abagtha|Ref=EST_1:10!12|MId=o170010100122|Strong=0005 22 זֵתַ֣ר זֵתַר PROPN _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=Zethar|Ref=EST_1:10!13|MId=o170010100131|Strong=2242 23-24 וְכַרְכַּ֔ס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:10!14|MId=o170010100141|Strong=2050b 24 כַרְכַּ֔ס כַּרְכַּס PROPN _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=Carcas|Ref=EST_1:10!14|MId=o170010100142|Strong=3752 25 שִׁבְעַת֙ שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 nummod _ Gloss=the.seven|Ref=EST_1:10!15|MId=o170010100151|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 26-27 הַסָּ֣רִיסִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:10!16|MId=o170010100161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 סָּ֣רִיסִ֔ים סָרִיס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 appos _ Gloss=eunuchs|Ref=EST_1:10!16|MId=o170010100162|Strong=5631 28-29 הַמְשָׁ֣רְתִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 29 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=EST_1:10!17|MId=o170010100171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 מְשָׁ֣רְתִ֔ים שָׁרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 27 appos _ Gloss=served|Ref=EST_1:10!17|MId=o170010100172|Strong=8334|Frame=A0:170010100162;|Type=participle_active 30 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EST_1:10!18|MId=o170010100181|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 31 פְּנֵ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 29 obl _ Gloss=the.presence|Ref=EST_1:10!19|MId=o170010100191|Strong=6440 32-33 הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_1:10!20|MId=o170010100201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 מֶּ֥לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_1:10!20|MId=o170010100202|Strong=4428 34 אֲחַשְׁוֵרֽוֹשׁ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ PROPN _ _ 33 appos _ Gloss=Ahasuerus|Ref=EST_1:10!21|MId=o170010100211|Strong=0325|SpaceAfter=No 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=EST_1:10!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | טוֹב *as was good* | infinitive construct · qal | לֵב־ *the heart* | | | | | אָמַר *he said* | qatal · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *the king* | | | | | מְשָׁרְתִים *served* | participle active · piel | סָּרִיסִים *eunuchs* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וּמָרְדְכַי צַדִיקָא צַלֵי קֳדָם יְיָ מִן יוֹמָא קַדְמָאָה דְמִשְׁתַּיָא עַד יוֹמָא שְׁבִיעָאָה דִי הוּא שַׁבְּתָא לַחֲמָא לָא אֲכַל וּמוֹי לָא שְׁתָא וּבְיוֹמָא שְׁבִיעָאָה דַהֲוָה שַׁבְּתָא עֲלַת קִבְלְתֵיהּ וְקִבְלַת סַנְהֶדְרִין קֳדָם יְיָ וְכַד שְׁפַר לִבָּא דְמַלְכָּא בְּחַמְרָא גָרֵי בֵּיהּ יְיָ מַלְאָכָא דְשַׁגִישְׁתָּא מִשְׁתְּהוֹן בְּכֵן אָמַר לִמְהוּמָן בִּזְתָא חַרְבוֹנָא בִּגְתָא וַאֲבַגְתָא זֵתַר וְכַרְכַּס מְהוּמָן דְמִתְמַנִי עַל מְהוּמְתָא בִּזְתָא בּוּז בֵּיתָא חַרְבוֹנָא אֲחַר בֵּיהּ בִּגְתָא וַאֲבַגְתָא עָתִיד מָרֵי עַלְמָא לְעַסָאָה יַתְהוֹן כְּגֶבֶר דְעָצַר עִנְבוֹי בַעֲצַרְתָּא תְּרֵין זִימְנִין וַעֲתִיד לְצַדָאוּתְהוֹן וּלְשַׁפְּאוּתְהוֹן לְהַנֵי שַׁבְעָא רַבָּנַיָא דְשַׁמְשִׁין בְּאִלֵין שַׁבְעָא יוֹמִין קֳדָם אַפֵּי מַלְכָּא אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [On the seventh day, when the heart of the king was merry with wine, he commanded Mehuman, Bizzetha, Harbona, Bigtha, and Abagtha, Zethar, and Carcas, the seven chamberlains that ministered in the presence of Ahasuerus the king,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.9/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:9`. - ← previous: [Esther 1:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.9/) - next →: [Esther 1:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.11/) - ↑ back to [Esther 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/1/)