--- title: Esther 1:12 — But the queen Vashti refused to come at the king's commandment by th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But the queen Vashti refused to come at the king's commandment by the chamberlains; therefore was the king very wroth, and his anger burned in him. Who acts: queen, king, anger. Esther 1:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/1/) / 1:12 # Esther 1:12 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** queen, king, anger · **What happens:** refuse, not come, be, burn, command, anger · **To what, where:** commandment · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Esther 1:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — queen, king, anger — and what happens in the verse to commandment, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתְּמָאֵ֞ן הַמַּלְכָּ֣ה וַשְׁתִּ֗י לָבוֹא֙ בִּדְבַ֣ר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּיַ֣ד הַסָּרִיסִ֑ים וַיִּקְצֹ֤ף הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מְאֹ֔ד וַחֲמָת֖וֹ בָּעֲרָ֥ה בֽוֹ׃ [But the queen Vashti refused to come at the king's commandment by the chamberlains; therefore was the king very wroth, and his anger burned in him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.11/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:11 # text = וַתְּמָאֵ֞ן הַמַּלְכָּ֣ה וַשְׁתִּ֗י לָבוֹא֙ בִּדְבַ֣ר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּיַ֣ד הַסָּרִיסִ֑ים וַיִּקְצֹ֤ף הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מְאֹ֔ד וַחֲמָת֖וֹ בָּעֲרָ֥ה בֽוֹ׃ # verse = EST.1.12 1-2 וַתְּמָאֵ֞ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:12!1|MId=o170010120011|Strong=2050b 2 תְּמָאֵ֞ן מָאֵן VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.refused|Ref=EST_1:12!1|MId=o170010120012|Strong=3985|Frame=A0:170010120022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַמַּלְכָּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:12!2|MId=o170010120021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מַּלְכָּ֣ה מַלְכָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=queen|Ref=EST_1:12!2|MId=o170010120022|Strong=4436 5 וַשְׁתִּ֗י וַשְׁתִּי PROPN _ _ 4 appos _ Gloss=Vashti|Ref=EST_1:12!3|MId=o170010120031|Strong=2060 6-7 לָבוֹא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_1:12!4|MId=o170010120041|Strong=3807a 7 בוֹא֙ בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 xcomp _ Gloss=come|Ref=EST_1:12!4|MId=o170010120042|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:170010120022;|Type=infinitive_construct 8-9 בִּדְבַ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EST_1:12!5|MId=o170010120051|Strong=0871a 9 דְבַ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=the.word|Ref=EST_1:12!5|MId=o170010120052|Strong=1697 10-11 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_1:12!6|MId=o170010120061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_1:12!6|MId=o170010120062|Strong=4428 12 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=EST_1:12!7|MId=o170010120071|Strong=0834|Type=relative 13-14 בְּיַ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=[was].by|Ref=EST_1:12!8|MId=o170010120081|Strong=0871a 14 יַ֣ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=EST_1:12!8|MId=o170010120082|Strong=3027 15-16 הַסָּרִיסִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_1:12!9|MId=o170010120091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 סָּרִיסִ֑ים סָרִיס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.eunuchs|Ref=EST_1:12!9|MId=o170010120092|Strong=5631 17-18 וַיִּקְצֹ֤ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:12!10|MId=o170010120101|Strong=2050b 18 יִּקְצֹ֤ף קָצַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.was.angry|Ref=EST_1:12!10|MId=o170010120102|Strong=7107|Frame=A0:170010120112;|Type=wayyiqtol 19-20 הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:12!11|MId=o170010120111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_1:12!11|MId=o170010120112|Strong=4428 21 מְאֹ֔ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=EST_1:12!12|MId=o170010120121|Strong=3966 22-24 וַחֲמָת֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:12!13|MId=o170010120131|Strong=2050b 23 חֲמָת חֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=rage|Ref=EST_1:12!13|MId=o170010120132|Strong=2534 24 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EST_1:12!13|MId=o170010120133|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25 בָּעֲרָ֥ה בָּעַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.burned|Ref=EST_1:12!14|MId=o170010120141|Strong=1197|Frame=A0:170010120132;|Type=qatal 26-27 בֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EST_1:12!15|MId=o170010120151|Strong=0871a 27 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=EST_1:12!15|MId=o170010120152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=EST_1:12!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תְּמָאֵן *she refused* | wayyiqtol · piel | מַּלְכָּה *queen* | | | | | בוֹא *come* | infinitive construct · qal | מַּלְכָּה *queen* | | | | | יִּקְצֹף *he was angry* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | בָּעֲרָה *it burned* | qatal · qal | חֲמָת *rage* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וְסָרִיבַת מַלְכְּתָא וַשְׁתִּי לְמֵיעַל בִּגְזֵרַת מֵימַר מַלְכָּא דְאִתְפַּקְדַת בְּיַד רַבְרְבָנַיָא וּרְגִיז מַלְכָּא לַחֲדָא וְחַמְתֵיהּ רַתְחַת בֵּיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But the queen Vashti refused to come at the king's commandment by the chamberlains; therefore was the king very wroth, and his anger burned in him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.11/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:11`. - ← previous: [Esther 1:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.11/) - next →: [Esther 1:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.13/) - ↑ back to [Esther 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/1/)