--- title: Esther 1:17 — For this deed of the queen will come abroad unto all women, to make… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For this deed of the queen will come abroad unto all women, to make their husbands contemptible in their eyes, when it will be said: The king Ahasuerus commanded Vashti the queen to be brought in before him, but she came not. Who acts: king, Vashti. Esther 1:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/1/) / 1:17 # Esther 1:17 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** king, Vashti · **What happens:** come, make, say, command, bring in, not come · **To what, where:** husbands, eyes, deed, Vashti · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Esther 1:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, Vashti — and what happens in the verse to husbands, eyes, deed, Vashti, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּֽי־יֵצֵ֤א דְבַר־הַמַּלְכָּה֙ עַל־כָּל־הַנָּשִׁ֔ים לְהַבְז֥וֹת בַּעְלֵיהֶ֖ן בְּעֵינֵיהֶ֑ן בְּאָמְרָ֗ם הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֡וֹשׁ אָמַ֞ר לְהָבִ֨יא אֶת־וַשְׁתִּ֧י הַמַּלְכָּ֛ה לְפָנָ֖יו וְלֹא־בָֽאָה׃ [For this deed of the queen will come abroad unto all women, to make their husbands contemptible in their eyes, when it will be said: The king Ahasuerus commanded Vashti the queen to be brought in before him, but she came not.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.16/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:16 # text = כִּֽי־יֵצֵ֤א דְבַר־הַמַּלְכָּה֙ עַל־כָּל־הַנָּשִׁ֔ים לְהַבְז֥וֹת בַּעְלֵיהֶ֖ן בְּעֵינֵיהֶ֑ן בְּאָמְרָ֗ם הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֡וֹשׁ אָמַ֞ר לְהָבִ֨יא אֶת־וַשְׁתִּ֧י הַמַּלְכָּ֛ה לְפָנָ֖יו וְלֹא־בָֽאָה׃ # verse = EST.1.17 1 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EST_1:17!1|MId=o170010170011|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 2 יֵצֵ֤א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.go.forth|Ref=EST_1:17!2|MId=o170010170021|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:170010170031;|Type=yiqtol 3 דְבַר־ דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.matter|Ref=EST_1:17!3|MId=o170010170031|Strong=1697|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 הַמַּלְכָּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_1:17!4|MId=o170010170041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 מַּלְכָּה֙ מַלְכָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.queen|Ref=EST_1:17!4|MId=o170010170042|Strong=4436 6 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_1:17!5|MId=o170010170051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 7 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EST_1:17!6|MId=o170010170061|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הַנָּשִׁ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:17!7|MId=o170010170071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 נָּשִׁ֔ים אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=women|Ref=EST_1:17!7|MId=o170010170072|Strong=0802 10-11 לְהַבְז֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_1:17!8|MId=o170010170081|Strong=3807a 11 הַבְז֥וֹת בָּזָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 advcl _ Gloss=make.despicable|Ref=EST_1:17!8|MId=o170010170082|Strong=0959|Frame=AA:170010170072;A0:170010170091;|Type=infinitive_construct 12-13 בַּעְלֵיהֶ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בַּעְלֵי בַּעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obj _ Gloss=husbands|Ref=EST_1:17!9|MId=o170010170091|Strong=1167 13 הֶ֖ן הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EST_1:17!9|MId=o170010170092|Strong=2004|Type=pronominal 14-16 בְּעֵינֵיהֶ֑ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EST_1:17!10|MId=o170010170101|Strong=0871a 15 עֵינֵי עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 11 obl _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=EST_1:17!10|MId=o170010170102|Strong=5869 16 הֶ֑ן הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EST_1:17!10|MId=o170010170103|Strong=2004|Type=pronominal 17-19 בְּאָמְרָ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=EST_1:17!11|MId=o170010170111|Strong=0871a 18 אָמְר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=they|Ref=EST_1:17!11|MId=o170010170112|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:170010170113;A1:170010170141;170010170211;|Type=infinitive_construct 19 ָ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ Gloss=will.say|Ref=EST_1:17!11|MId=o170010170113|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20-21 הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:17!12|MId=o170010170121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 מֶּ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_1:17!12|MId=o170010170122|Strong=4428 22 אֲחַשְׁוֵר֡וֹשׁ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ PROPN _ _ 21 appos _ Gloss=Ahasuerus|Ref=EST_1:17!13|MId=o170010170131|Strong=0325 23 אָמַ֞ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 ccomp _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=EST_1:17!14|MId=o170010170141|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:170010170122;|Type=qatal 24-25 לְהָבִ֨יא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_1:17!15|MId=o170010170151|Strong=3807a 25 הָבִ֨יא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 23 advcl _ Gloss=bring|Ref=EST_1:17!15|MId=o170010170152|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:;A1:170010170171;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EST_1:17!16|MId=o170010170161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 27 וַשְׁתִּ֧י וַשְׁתִּי PROPN _ _ 25 obj _ Gloss=Vashti|Ref=EST_1:17!17|MId=o170010170171|Strong=2060 28-29 הַמַּלְכָּ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:17!18|MId=o170010170181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 מַּלְכָּ֛ה מַלְכָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 appos _ Gloss=queen|Ref=EST_1:17!18|MId=o170010170182|Strong=4436 30-32 לְפָנָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=EST_1:17!19|MId=o170010170191|Strong=3807a 31 פָנָ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 25 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=EST_1:17!19|MId=o170010170192|Strong=6440 32 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=him|Ref=EST_1:17!19|MId=o170010170193|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 33-34 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:17!20|MId=o170010170201|Strong=2050b 34 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 35 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EST_1:17!20|MId=o170010170202|Strong=3808|Type=negative 35 בָֽאָה בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 23 conj _ Gloss=she.came|Ref=EST_1:17!21|MId=o170010170211|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:170010170171;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=EST_1:17!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵצֵא *it will go forth* | yiqtol · qal | דְבַר־ *the matter* | | | | | הַבְזוֹת *make despicable* | infinitive construct · hiphil | בַּעְלֵי *husbands* | | | נָּשִׁים *women* | | אָמְר *they* | infinitive construct · qal | ָם *will say* | אָמַר *he said* + בָֽאָה *she came* | | | | אָמַר *he said* | qatal · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | הָבִיא *bring* | infinitive construct · hiphil | | וַשְׁתִּי *Vashti* | | | | **not** בָֽאָה *she came* | qatal · qal | וַשְׁתִּי *Vashti* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אֲרוּם יִפּוֹק פִּתְגָם גְזֵרַת מַלְכְּתָא עַל כָּל נְשַׁיָא לְאִתְלַגְלָגָא מָרֵיהוֹן קֳדָמֵיהוֹן בְּמַלָלוּתְהוֹן חֲדָא עִם חֲבֶרְתָּא בְּרַם בְּקוּשְׁטָא מַלְכָּא אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ אֲמַר לְאַיְתָאָה יַת וַשְׁתִּי מַלְכְּתָא קֳדָמוֹי וְלָא עֲלַת: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For this deed of the queen will come abroad unto all women, to make their husbands contemptible in their eyes, when it will be said: The king Ahasuerus commanded Vashti the queen to be brought in before him, but she came not.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.16/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:16`. - ← previous: [Esther 1:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.16/) - next →: [Esther 1:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.18/) - ↑ back to [Esther 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/1/)