--- title: Esther 1:18 — And this day will the princesses of Persia and Media who have heard… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And this day will the princesses of Persia and Media who have heard of the deed of the queen say the like unto all the king's princes. So will there arise enough contempt and wrath. Who acts: princesses, enough contempt. Esther 1:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/1/) / 1:18 # Esther 1:18 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** princesses, enough contempt · **What happens:** hear, say, arise · **To what, where:** like · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Esther 1:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — princesses, enough contempt — and what happens in the verse to like, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְֽהַיּ֨וֹם הַזֶּ֜ה תֹּאמַ֣רְנָה ׀ שָׂר֣וֹת פָּֽרַס־וּמָדַ֗י אֲשֶׁ֤ר שָֽׁמְעוּ֙ אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל שָׂרֵ֣י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וּכְדַ֖י בִּזָּי֥וֹן וָקָֽצֶף׃ [And this day will the princesses of Persia and Media who have heard of the deed of the queen say the like unto all the king's princes.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.17/) [So will there arise enough contempt and wrath.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.18/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:17 # text = וְֽהַיּ֨וֹם הַזֶּ֜ה תֹּאמַ֣רְנָה ׀ שָׂר֣וֹת פָּֽרַס־וּמָדַ֗י אֲשֶׁ֤ר שָֽׁמְעוּ֙ אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל שָׂרֵ֣י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וּכְדַ֖י בִּזָּי֥וֹן וָקָֽצֶף׃ # verse = EST.1.18 1-3 וְֽהַיּ֨וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:18!1|MId=o170010180011|Strong=2050b 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:18!1|MId=o170010180012|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 יּ֨וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=EST_1:18!1|MId=o170010180013|Strong=3117 4-5 הַזֶּ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EST_1:18!2|MId=o170010180021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 זֶּ֜ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EST_1:18!2|MId=o170010180022|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 6 תֹּאמַ֣רְנָה אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.say|Ref=EST_1:18!3|MId=o170010180031|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:170010180041;|Type=yiqtol 7 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 6 punct _ Ref=EST_1:18!3 8 שָׂר֣וֹת שָׂרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=the.noble.ladies|Ref=EST_1:18!4|MId=o170010180041|Strong=8282 9 פָּֽרַס־ פָּרַס PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Persia|Ref=EST_1:18!5|MId=o170010180051|Strong=6539|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 וּמָדַ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:18!6|MId=o170010180061|Strong=2050b 11 מָדַ֗י מָדַי PROPN _ _ 9 conj _ Gloss=Media|Ref=EST_1:18!6|MId=o170010180062|Strong=4074 12 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=EST_1:18!7|MId=o170010180071|Strong=0834|Type=relative 13 שָֽׁמְעוּ֙ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 8 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.have.heard|Ref=EST_1:18!8|MId=o170010180081|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:170010180041;A1:170010180101;|Type=qatal 14 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EST_1:18!9|MId=o170010180091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15 דְּבַ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=the.matter|Ref=EST_1:18!10|MId=o170010180101|Strong=1697 16-17 הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_1:18!11|MId=o170010180111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 מַּלְכָּ֔ה מַלְכָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.queen|Ref=EST_1:18!11|MId=o170010180112|Strong=4436 18-19 לְכֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_1:18!12|MId=o170010180121|Strong=3807a 19 כֹ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EST_1:18!12|MId=o170010180122|Strong=3605 20 שָׂרֵ֣י שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.officials|Ref=EST_1:18!13|MId=o170010180131|Strong=8269 21-22 הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_1:18!14|MId=o170010180141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 מֶּ֑לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_1:18!14|MId=o170010180142|Strong=4428 23-25 וּכְדַ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:18!15|MId=o170010180151|Strong=2050b 24 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=[will|Ref=EST_1:18!15|MId=o170010180152|Strong=3509a 25 דַ֖י דַּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=be].as.enough|Ref=EST_1:18!15|MId=o170010180153|Strong=1767 26 בִּזָּי֥וֹן בִּזָּיוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=contempt|Ref=EST_1:18!16|MId=o170010180161|Strong=0963 27-28 וָקָֽצֶף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:18!17|MId=o170010180171|Strong=2050b 28 קָֽצֶף קֶצֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 conj _ Gloss=anger|Ref=EST_1:18!17|MId=o170010180172|Strong=7110 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=EST_1:18!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֹּאמַרְנָה *they will say* | yiqtol · qal | שָׂרוֹת *the noble ladies* | | | | | שָֽׁמְעוּ *they have heard* | qatal · qal | שָׂרוֹת *the noble ladies* | דְּבַר *the matter* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וְיוֹמָא הָדֵין תֶּהֱוְיָן אָמְרָן רַבָּנָתָא דְפַרְסָאֵי וּמָדָאֵי לְמֶעְבַּד לְגוּבְרֵיהוֹן הֵיכְמָא דִי קַבִּילוּ יַת פִּתְגָם דַעֲבַדַת וַשְׁתִּי מַלְכְּתָא וּמִתְמַלְכִין לְמֶעְבַּד כְּדֵין לְכָל רַבְרְבָנֵי מַלְכָּא וּמַן יֵכוּל לְסוֹבָרָא כְמִיסַת חוֹךְ דֵין וּרְגִיז: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And this day will the princesses of Persia and Media who have heard of the deed of the queen say the like unto all the king's princes.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.17/) 2. [So will there arise enough contempt and wrath.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.18/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:17`. - ← previous: [Esther 1:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.17/) - next →: [Esther 1:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.19/) - ↑ back to [Esther 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/1/)