--- title: Esther 1:8 — And the drinking was according to the law; none did compel; for so t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the drinking was according to the law; none did compel; for so the king had appointed to all the officers of his house, that they should do according to every man's pleasure. Who acts: drinking, none, king, hangings. Esther 1:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/1/) / 1:8 # Esther 1:8 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** drinking, none, king, hangings, man · **What happens:** be, compel, appoint, do, please This is Esther 1:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — drinking, none, king, hangings, man — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהַשְּׁתִיָּ֥ה כַדָּ֖ת אֵ֣ין אֹנֵ֑ס כִּי־כֵ֣ן ׀ יִסַּ֣ד הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ עַ֚ל כָּל־רַ֣ב בֵּית֔וֹ לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת כִּרְצ֥וֹן אִישׁ־וָאִֽישׁ׃ [And the drinking was according to the law; none did compel; for so the king had appointed to all the officers of his house, that they should do according to every man's pleasure.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.7/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:7 # text = וְהַשְּׁתִיָּ֥ה כַדָּ֖ת אֵ֣ין אֹנֵ֑ס כִּי־כֵ֣ן ׀ יִסַּ֣ד הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ עַ֚ל כָּל־רַ֣ב בֵּית֔וֹ לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת כִּרְצ֥וֹן אִישׁ־וָאִֽישׁ׃ # verse = EST.1.8 1-3 וְהַשְּׁתִיָּ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:8!1|MId=o170010080011|Strong=2050b 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:8!1|MId=o170010080012|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 שְּׁתִיָּ֥ה שְׁתִיָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=drinking|Ref=EST_1:8!1|MId=o170010080013|Strong=8360 4-6 כַדָּ֖ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 כַ כְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=[was].according|Ref=EST_1:8!2|MId=o170010080021|Strong=3509a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_1:8!2|MId=o170010080021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 דָּ֖ת דָּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=the.law|Ref=EST_1:8!2|MId=o170010080022|Strong=1881 7 אֵ֣ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 6 parataxis _ Gloss=there.[was].not|Ref=EST_1:8!3|MId=o170010080031|Strong=0369|Type=negative 8 אֹנֵ֑ס אָנַס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=[one.who].compelled|Ref=EST_1:8!4|MId=o170010080041|Strong=0597|Type=participle_active 9 כִּי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EST_1:8!5|MId=o170010080051|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 10 כֵ֣ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=EST_1:8!6|MId=o170010080061|Strong=3651 11 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ Ref=EST_1:8!6 12 יִסַּ֣ד יָסַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 advcl _ Gloss=he.had.appointed|Ref=EST_1:8!7|MId=o170010080071|Strong=3245|Frame=A0:170010080082;|Type=qatal 13-14 הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_1:8!8|MId=o170010080081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מֶּ֗לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_1:8!8|MId=o170010080082|Strong=4428 15 עַ֚ל עַל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_1:8!9|MId=o170010080091|Strong=5921 16 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=every|Ref=EST_1:8!10|MId=o170010080101|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 17 רַ֣ב רַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(the).chief|Ref=EST_1:8!11|MId=o170010080111|Strong=7227a 18-19 בֵּית֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בֵּית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.house|Ref=EST_1:8!12|MId=o170010080121|Strong=1004 19 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EST_1:8!12|MId=o170010080122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_1:8!13|MId=o170010080131|Strong=3807a 21 עֲשׂ֖וֹת עָשָׂה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 12 advcl _ Gloss=do|Ref=EST_1:8!13|MId=o170010080132|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:170010080111;|Type=infinitive_construct 22-23 כִּרְצ֥וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=EST_1:8!14|MId=o170010080141|Strong=3509a 23 רְצ֥וֹן רָצוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=to.[the].pleasure|Ref=EST_1:8!14|MId=o170010080142|Strong=7522 24 אִישׁ־ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.man|Ref=EST_1:8!15|MId=o170010080151|Strong=0376|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 וָאִֽישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_1:8!16|MId=o170010080161|Strong=2050b 26 אִֽישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 conj _ Gloss=man|Ref=EST_1:8!16|MId=o170010080162|Strong=0376 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=EST_1:8!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִסַּד *he had appointed* | qatal · piel | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | עֲשׂוֹת *do* | infinitive construct · qal | רַב *(the) chief* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וְשָׁקוּתָא כְּהִלְכָתָא מִנְהַג גוּפָא וְלֵית דַאֲנִיס אֲרוּם כֵּן שָׂם טְעֵם מַלְכָּא עַל כָּל דְאִתְמַנָא אַפִּיטְרוֹפּוֹס עַל בַּיְתֵיהּ לְמֶעְבַּד כִּרְעוּת גַבְרָא בַר יִשְׂרָאֵל וְכִרְעוּת גְבַר מִן כָּל אוּמָא וְלִישָׁן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the drinking was according to the law; none did compel; for so the king had appointed to all the officers of his house, that they should do according to every man's pleasure.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.7/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:7`. - ← previous: [Esther 1:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.7/) - next →: [Esther 1:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.9/) - ↑ back to [Esther 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/1/)