--- title: Esther 10:3 — For Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brethren; seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his seed. Who acts: Mordecai. Esther 10:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.10.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/10/) / 10:3 # Esther 10:3 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** Mordecai · **What happens:** be, accept, seek, speak · **To what, where:** good, peace · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Esther 10:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Mordecai — and what happens in the verse to good, peace, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֣י ׀ מָרְדֳּכַ֣י הַיְּהוּדִ֗י מִשְׁנֶה֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ וְגָדוֹל֙ לַיְּהוּדִ֔ים וְרָצ֖וּי לְרֹ֣ב אֶחָ֑יו דֹּרֵ֥שׁ טוֹב֙ לְעַמּ֔וֹ וְדֹבֵ֥ר שָׁל֖וֹם לְכָל־זַרְעֽוֹ׃ [For Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brethren; seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his seed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.182/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:166 # text = כִּ֣י ׀ מָרְדֳּכַ֣י הַיְּהוּדִ֗י מִשְׁנֶה֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ וְגָדוֹל֙ לַיְּהוּדִ֔ים וְרָצ֖וּי לְרֹ֣ב אֶחָ֑יו דֹּרֵ֥שׁ טוֹב֙ לְעַמּ֔וֹ וְדֹבֵ֥ר שָׁל֖וֹם לְכָל־זַרְעֽוֹ׃ # verse = EST.10.3 1 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EST_10:3!1|MId=o170100030011|Strong=3588 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=EST_10:3!1 3 מָרְדֳּכַ֣י מׇרְדֳּכַי PROPN _ _ 6 nsubj _ Gloss=Mordecai|Ref=EST_10:3!2|MId=o170100030021|Strong=4782 4-5 הַיְּהוּדִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_10:3!3|MId=o170100030031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 יְּהוּדִ֗י יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=Jew|Ref=EST_10:3!3|MId=o170100030032|Strong=3064|Type=gentilic 6 מִשְׁנֶה֙ מִשְׁנֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[was].second|Ref=EST_10:3!4|MId=o170100030041|Strong=4932 7-9 לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_10:3!5|MId=o170100030051|Strong=3807a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_10:3!5|MId=o170100030051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מֶּ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nmod _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_10:3!5|MId=o170100030052|Strong=4428 10 אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ PROPN _ _ 9 appos _ Gloss=Ahasuerus|Ref=EST_10:3!6|MId=o170100030061|Strong=0325 11-12 וְגָדוֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_10:3!7|MId=o170100030071|Strong=2050b 12 גָדוֹל֙ גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=[he.was].great|Ref=EST_10:3!7|MId=o170100030072|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 13-15 לַיְּהוּדִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_10:3!8|MId=o170100030081|Strong=3807a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_10:3!8|MId=o170100030081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 יְּהוּדִ֔ים יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 nmod _ Gloss=Jews|Ref=EST_10:3!8|MId=o170100030082|Strong=3064|Type=gentilic 16-17 וְרָצ֖וּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_10:3!9|MId=o170100030091|Strong=2050b 17 רָצ֖וּי רָצָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=[he.was].acceptable|Ref=EST_10:3!9|MId=o170100030092|Strong=7521|Frame=A1:170100030021;|Type=participle_passive 18-19 לְרֹ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_10:3!10|MId=o170100030101|Strong=3807a 19 רֹ֣ב רֹב NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=the.multitude|Ref=EST_10:3!10|MId=o170100030102|Strong=7230 20-21 אֶחָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 אֶחָ֑י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.brothers|Ref=EST_10:3!11|MId=o170100030111|Strong=0251 21 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EST_10:3!11|MId=o170100030112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 דֹּרֵ֥שׁ דָּרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 6 parataxis _ Gloss=[he.was].seeking|Ref=EST_10:3!12|MId=o170100030121|Strong=1875|Frame=A0:170100030021;A1:170100030131;|Type=participle_active 23 טוֹב֙ טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=good|Ref=EST_10:3!13|MId=o170100030131|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 24-26 לְעַמּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EST_10:3!14|MId=o170100030141|Strong=3807a 25 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=EST_10:3!14|MId=o170100030142|Strong=5971 26 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EST_10:3!14|MId=o170100030143|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27-28 וְדֹבֵ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_10:3!15|MId=o170100030151|Strong=2050b 28 דֹבֵ֥ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=[he.was].speaking|Ref=EST_10:3!15|MId=o170100030152|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:170100030021;A1:170100030161;|Type=participle_active 29 שָׁל֖וֹם שָׁלוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obj _ Gloss=peace|Ref=EST_10:3!16|MId=o170100030161|Strong=7965 30-31 לְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_10:3!17|MId=o170100030171|Strong=3807a 31 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EST_10:3!17|MId=o170100030172|Strong=3605 32-33 זַרְעֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 זַרְע זֶרַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=offspring|Ref=EST_10:3!18|MId=o170100030181|Strong=2233 33 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EST_10:3!18|MId=o170100030182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=EST_10:3!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | רָצוּי *\[he was\] acceptable* | participle passive · qal | | מָרְדֳּכַי *Mordecai* | | | | דֹּרֵשׁ *\[he was\] seeking* | participle active · qal | מָרְדֳּכַי *Mordecai* | טוֹב *good* | | | | דֹבֵר *\[he was\] speaking* | participle active · qal | מָרְדֳּכַי *Mordecai* | שָׁלוֹם *peace* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} מְטוּל מָרְדְכַי יְהוּדָאָה פַּתְשֶׁגֶר דְמַלְכָּא אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ גִזְבָּרָא וְסָבָא דִיהוּדָאֵי רַב עַל כָּל עַמְמַיָא וּמִסוֹף עַלְמָא וְעַד סוֹפֵיהּ אִשְׁתְּמַע לֵיהּ שָׁמְעֵיהּ וְכָל מַלְכַיָא דְחִילוּ מִקַמֵיהּ וְכַד מַדְכְּרִין לֵיהּ מִזְדַעְזְעִין מִנֵיהּ הוּא מָרְדְכַי דָמֵי לְכוֹכָב נוֹגְהָא דְמַזְהַר בֵּינֵי כּוֹכְבַיָא וְדָמֵי לִשְׁפַרְפְּרָא דִי נָפֵק בְּעִדָן צַפְרָא וְהוּא רַבְּהוֹן דִיהוּדָאֵי וְרָעֵי בְּסַגִיאוּתְהוֹן דַאֲחוֹי וְתָבַע טַבְתָּא לְעַמֵיהּ וּמְמַלֵל שְׁלָמָא לְכָל זַרְעִיתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brethren; seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his seed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.182/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:166`. - ← previous: [Esther 10:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.10.2/) - next →: [Daniel 1:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.1.1/) - ↑ back to [Esther 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/10/)