--- title: Esther 2:21 — in those days, while Mordecai sat in the king's gate, two of the kin… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: in those days, while Mordecai sat in the king's gate, two of the king's chamberlains, Bigthan and Teresh, of those that kept the door, were wroth, and sought to lay hands on the king Ahasuerus. Who acts: Mordecai, two. Esther 2:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.2.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/2/) / 2:21 # Esther 2:21 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** Mordecai, two · **What happens:** sit, keep, be, seek, lay · **To what, where:** gate, door, hands This is Esther 2:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Mordecai, two — and what happens in the verse to gate, door, hands, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם וּמָרְדֳּכַ֖י יֹשֵׁ֣ב בְּשַֽׁעַר־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ קָצַף֩ בִּגְתָ֨ן וָתֶ֜רֶשׁ שְׁנֵֽי־סָרִיסֵ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מִשֹּׁמְרֵ֣י הַסַּ֔ף וַיְבַקְשׁוּ֙ לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ יָ֔ד בַּמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵֽרֹשׁ׃ [in those days, while Mordecai sat in the king's gate, two of the king's chamberlains, Bigthan and Teresh, of those that kept the door, were wroth, and sought to lay hands on the king Ahasuerus.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.44/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:42 # text = בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם וּמָרְדֳּכַ֖י יֹשֵׁ֣ב בְּשַֽׁעַר־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ קָצַף֩ בִּגְתָ֨ן וָתֶ֜רֶשׁ שְׁנֵֽי־סָרִיסֵ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מִשֹּׁמְרֵ֣י הַסַּ֔ף וַיְבַקְשׁוּ֙ לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ יָ֔ד בַּמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵֽרֹשׁ׃ # verse = EST.2.21 1-3 בַּיָּמִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EST_2:21!1|MId=o170020210011|Strong=0871a 2 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_2:21!1|MId=o170020210011ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 יָּמִ֣ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=days|Ref=EST_2:21!1|MId=o170020210012|Strong=3117 4-5 הָהֵ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EST_2:21!2|MId=o170020210021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 הֵ֔ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 det _ Gloss=those|Ref=EST_2:21!2|MId=o170020210022|Strong=1992|Type=personal 6-7 וּמָרְדֳּכַ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_2:21!3|MId=o170020210031|Strong=2050b 7 מָרְדֳּכַ֖י מׇרְדֳּכַי PROPN _ _ 8 nsubj _ Gloss=Mordecai|Ref=EST_2:21!3|MId=o170020210032|Strong=4782 8 יֹשֵׁ֣ב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=[was].sitting|Ref=EST_2:21!4|MId=o170020210041|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:170020210032;|Type=participle_active 9-10 בְּשַֽׁעַר־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EST_2:21!5|MId=o170020210051|Strong=0871a 10 שַֽׁעַר־ שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=EST_2:21!5|MId=o170020210052|Strong=8179 11-12 הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_2:21!6|MId=o170020210061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 מֶּ֑לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_2:21!6|MId=o170020210062|Strong=4428 13 קָצַף֩ קָצַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=he.was.angry|Ref=EST_2:21!7|MId=o170020210071|Strong=7107|Frame=A0:170020210081;170020210092;|Type=qatal 14 בִּגְתָ֨ן בִּגְתָן PROPN _ _ 13 nsubj _ Gloss=Bigthan|Ref=EST_2:21!8|MId=o170020210081|Strong=0904 15-16 וָתֶ֜רֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_2:21!9|MId=o170020210091|Strong=2050b 16 תֶ֜רֶשׁ תֶּרֶשׁ PROPN _ _ 14 conj _ Gloss=Teresh|Ref=EST_2:21!9|MId=o170020210092|Strong=8657 17 שְׁנֵֽי־ שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 18 nummod _ Gloss=two|Ref=EST_2:21!10|MId=o170020210101|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 18 סָרִיסֵ֤י סָרִיס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 appos _ Gloss=of.the.eunuchs|Ref=EST_2:21!11|MId=o170020210111|Strong=5631 19-20 הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_2:21!12|MId=o170020210121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_2:21!12|MId=o170020210122|Strong=4428 21-22 מִשֹּׁמְרֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_2:21!13|MId=o170020210131|Strong=4480 22 שֹּׁמְרֵ֣י שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 18 nmod _ Gloss=the.keepers|Ref=EST_2:21!13|MId=o170020210132|Strong=8104|Frame=A1:170020210142;|Type=participle_active 23-24 הַסַּ֔ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_2:21!14|MId=o170020210141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 סַּ֔ף סַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.threshold|Ref=EST_2:21!14|MId=o170020210142|Strong=5592 25-26 וַיְבַקְשׁוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_2:21!15|MId=o170020210151|Strong=2050b 26 יְבַקְשׁוּ֙ בָּקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.sought|Ref=EST_2:21!15|MId=o170020210152|Strong=1245|Frame=A0:170020210081;170020210092;|Type=wayyiqtol 27-28 לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_2:21!16|MId=o170020210161|Strong=3807a 28 שְׁלֹ֣חַ שָׁלַח VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 26 advcl _ Gloss=stretch.out|Ref=EST_2:21!16|MId=o170020210162|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:170020210081;170020210092;A1:170020210171;|Type=infinitive_construct 29 יָ֔ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 28 obj _ Gloss=a.hand|Ref=EST_2:21!17|MId=o170020210171|Strong=3027 30-32 בַּמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_2:21!18|MId=o170020210181|Strong=0871a 31 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_2:21!18|MId=o170020210181ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_2:21!18|MId=o170020210182|Strong=4428 33 אֲחַשְׁוֵֽרֹשׁ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ PROPN _ _ 32 appos _ Gloss=Ahasuerus|Ref=EST_2:21!19|MId=o170020210191|Strong=0325|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=EST_2:21!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹשֵׁב *\[was\] sitting* | participle active · qal | מָרְדֳּכַי *Mordecai* | | | | | קָצַף *he was angry* | qatal · qal | בִּגְתָן *Bigthan* + תֶרֶשׁ *Teresh* | | | | | שֹּׁמְרֵי *the keepers* | participle active · qal | | סַּף *the threshold* | | | | יְבַקְשׁוּ *they sought* | wayyiqtol · piel | בִּגְתָן *Bigthan* + תֶרֶשׁ *Teresh* | | | | | שְׁלֹחַ *stretch out* | infinitive construct · qal | בִּגְתָן *Bigthan* + תֶרֶשׁ *Teresh* | יָד *a hand* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} בְּיוֹמַיָא הָאִנוּן וּמָרְדְכַי יָתִיב בְּסַנְהֶדְרִין דְתַקִינַת לֵיהּ אֶסְתֵּר בִּתְרַע מַלְכָּא וְכַד חֲזוּ תְּרֵין רַבְרְבָנַיָא כְּדֵין כְּנַסוּ וּקְצַפוּ וַאֲמָרוּ דֵין לָדֵין הֲלָא מַלְכְּתָא בְּפִתְגָם מַלְכָּא בָּעַיָא לְסַלָקָא יָתָן וּלְאוֹקָמָא יַת מָרְדְכַי לֵית רְבוּתָא לְסַלָקָא תְּרֵין קְלוֹסַנְתַּרִין וּלְאוֹקָמָא חַד בְּכֵן אִתְיַעֲטוּ בְּלִישַׁנְהוֹן בִּגְתָן וָתֶרֶשׁ טִרְסָאֵי תְּרֵין רַבְרְבָנֵי מַלְכָּא מִנַטְרֵי פַלְטִירָא וַאֲמָרוּ לְאַשְׁקָאָה סַמָא דְמוֹתָא דִמְטוּל לְאֶסְתֵּר מַלְכְּתָא וּלְאוֹשִׁיטָא יְדָא בְמַלְכָּא אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ לְמִקְטְלֵיהּ בְּסַיְפָא בְּבֵית דְמוּכֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [in those days, while Mordecai sat in the king's gate, two of the king's chamberlains, Bigthan and Teresh, of those that kept the door, were wroth, and sought to lay hands on the king Ahasuerus.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.44/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:42`. - ← previous: [Esther 2:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.2.20/) - next →: [Esther 2:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.2.22/) - ↑ back to [Esther 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/2/)