--- title: Esther 2:3 — and let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom, that they may gather together all the fair young virgins unto Shushan the castle, to the house of the women, unto the custody of Hegai the king's chamberlain, keeper of the women; and let their ointments be given them; Who acts: --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.2.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/2/) / 2:3 # Esther 2:3 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** you, king, officers, ointments · **What happens:** let, appoint, gather, give · **To what, where:** king, officers, provinces, fair young virgins, ointments, virgins This is Esther 2:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, king, officers, ointments — and what happens in the verse to king, officers, provinces, fair young virgins, ointments, virgins, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְיַפְקֵ֨ד הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ פְּקִידִים֮ בְּכָל־מְדִינ֣וֹת מַלְכוּתוֹ֒ וְיִקְבְּצ֣וּ אֶת־כָּל־נַעֲרָֽה־בְ֠תוּלָה טוֹבַ֨ת מַרְאֶ֜ה אֶל־שׁוּשַׁ֤ן הַבִּירָה֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ית הַנָּשִׁ֔ים אֶל־יַ֥ד הֵגֶ֛א סְרִ֥יס הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ שֹׁמֵ֣ר הַנָּשִׁ֑ים וְנָת֖וֹן תַּמְרוּקֵיהֶֽן׃ [and let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom, that they may gather together all the fair young virgins unto Shushan the castle, to the house of the women, unto the custody of Hegai the king's chamberlain, keeper of the women; and let their ointments be given them;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.25/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:24 # text = וְיַפְקֵ֨ד הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ פְּקִידִים֮ בְּכָל־מְדִינ֣וֹת מַלְכוּתוֹ֒ וְיִקְבְּצ֣וּ אֶת־כָּל־נַעֲרָֽה־בְ֠תוּלָה טוֹבַ֨ת מַרְאֶ֜ה אֶל־שׁוּשַׁ֤ן הַבִּירָה֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ית הַנָּשִׁ֔ים אֶל־יַ֥ד הֵגֶ֛א סְרִ֥יס הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ שֹׁמֵ֣ר הַנָּשִׁ֑ים וְנָת֖וֹן תַּמְרוּקֵיהֶֽן׃ # verse = EST.2.3 1-2 וְיַפְקֵ֨ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_2:3!1|MId=o170020030011|Strong=2050b 2 יַפְקֵ֨ד פָּקַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=let.him.appoint|Ref=EST_2:3!1|MId=o170020030012|Strong=6485|Frame=AA:170020030022;A0:170020030031;|Type=jussive 3-4 הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_2:3!2|MId=o170020030021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מֶּ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_2:3!2|MId=o170020030022|Strong=4428 5 פְּקִידִים֮ פָּקִיד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=appointees|Ref=EST_2:3!3|MId=o170020030031|Strong=6496 6-7 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EST_2:3!4|MId=o170020030041|Strong=0871a 7 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EST_2:3!4|MId=o170020030042|Strong=3605 8 מְדִינ֣וֹת מְדִינָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.provinces|Ref=EST_2:3!5|MId=o170020030051|Strong=4082 9-10 מַלְכוּתוֹ֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 מַלְכוּת מַלְכוּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.kingdom|Ref=EST_2:3!6|MId=o170020030061|Strong=4438 10 וֹ֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EST_2:3!6|MId=o170020030062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11-12 וְיִקְבְּצ֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_2:3!7|MId=o170020030071|Strong=2050b 12 יִקְבְּצ֣וּ קָבַץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=let.them.gather|Ref=EST_2:3!7|MId=o170020030072|Strong=6908|Frame=A0:170020030031;A1:170020030101;|Type=jussive 13 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EST_2:3!8|MId=o170020030081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 14 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=every|Ref=EST_2:3!9|MId=o170020030091|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 15 נַעֲרָֽה־ נַעֲרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=girl|Ref=EST_2:3!10|MId=o170020030101|Strong=5291|SpaceAfter=No 16 בְ֠תוּלָה בְּתוּלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=virgin|Ref=EST_2:3!11|MId=o170020030111|Strong=1330 17 טוֹבַ֨ת טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 amod _ Gloss=good|Ref=EST_2:3!12|MId=o170020030121|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 18 מַרְאֶ֜ה מַרְאֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.appearance|Ref=EST_2:3!13|MId=o170020030131|Strong=4758 19 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_2:3!14|MId=o170020030141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 20 שׁוּשַׁ֤ן שׁוּשַׁן PROPN _ _ 12 obl _ Gloss=Susa|Ref=EST_2:3!15|MId=o170020030151|Strong=7800 21-22 הַבִּירָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_2:3!16|MId=o170020030161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 בִּירָה֙ בִּירָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 appos _ Gloss=citadel|Ref=EST_2:3!16|MId=o170020030162|Strong=1002 23 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_2:3!17|MId=o170020030171|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 24 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=EST_2:3!18|MId=o170020030181|Strong=1004 25-26 הַנָּשִׁ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_2:3!19|MId=o170020030191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 נָּשִׁ֔ים אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.women|Ref=EST_2:3!19|MId=o170020030192|Strong=0802 27 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=EST_2:3!20|MId=o170020030201|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 28 יַ֥ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=EST_2:3!21|MId=o170020030211|Strong=3027 29 הֵגֶ֛א הֵגַי PROPN _ _ 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hegai|Ref=EST_2:3!22|MId=o170020030221|Strong=1896 30 סְרִ֥יס סָרִיס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 appos _ Gloss=the.eunuch|Ref=EST_2:3!23|MId=o170020030231|Strong=5631 31-32 הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_2:3!24|MId=o170020030241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_2:3!24|MId=o170020030242|Strong=4428 33 שֹׁמֵ֣ר שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 29 appos _ Gloss=[the.one.who].kept|Ref=EST_2:3!25|MId=o170020030251|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:170020030221;A1:170020030262;|Type=participle_active 34-35 הַנָּשִׁ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_2:3!26|MId=o170020030261|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 נָּשִׁ֑ים אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 33 obj _ Gloss=women|Ref=EST_2:3!26|MId=o170020030262|Strong=0802 36-37 וְנָת֖וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_2:3!27|MId=o170020030271|Strong=2050b 37 נָת֖וֹן נָתַן VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 conj _ Gloss=let.him.give|Ref=EST_2:3!27|MId=o170020030272|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:170020030221;A1:170020030281;|Type=infinitive_absolute 38-39 תַּמְרוּקֵיהֶֽן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 תַּמְרוּקֵי תַּמְרוּק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 37 obj _ Gloss=cleansings|Ref=EST_2:3!28|MId=o170020030281|Strong=8562 39 הֶֽן הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EST_2:3!28|MId=o170020030282|Strong=2004|Type=pronominal 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=EST_2:3!28 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַפְקֵד *let him appoint* | jussive · hiphil | פְּקִידִים *appointees* | | | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | יִקְבְּצוּ *let them gather* | jussive · qal | פְּקִידִים *appointees* | נַעֲרָֽה־ *girl* | | | | שֹׁמֵר *\[the one who\] kept* | participle active · qal | הֵגֶא *of Hegai* | נָּשִׁים *women* | | | | נָתוֹן *let him give* | infinitive absolute · qal | הֵגֶא *of Hegai* | תַּמְרוּקֵי *cleansings* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וִימַנֵי מַלְכָּא אַפִיטְרוֹפִּין בְּכָל פַּלְכֵי מַלְכוּתֵיהּ וְיִכְנְשׁוּן יַת כָּל עוּלֵימְתָּא בְתוּלְתָּא שַׁפִּירַת חֵזוּ לְשׁוּשַׁן בִּירַנְתָּא לְבֵית נְשַׁיָא דִי תַמָן דִימוּסָן וּבַנָאִין דִי תַמָן מִתְמַנֵי הֵגֶא רַב סָרִיס דְמַלְכָּא נָטֵר נְשַׁיָא וְיִתְגְזַר לְמֶהֱוֵי יְהֵב סַמְתַּר מִשְׁחֵהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom, that they may gather together all the fair young virgins unto Shushan the castle, to the house of the women, unto the custody of Hegai the king's chamberlain, keeper of the women; and let their ointments be given them;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.25/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:24`. - ← previous: [Esther 2:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.2.2/) - next →: [Esther 2:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.2.4/) - ↑ back to [Esther 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/2/)