--- title: Esther 3:4 — Now it came to pass, when they spoke daily unto him, and he hearkene… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now it came to pass, when they spoke daily unto him, and he hearkened not unto them, that they told Haman, to see whether Mordecai's words would stand; for he had told them that he was a Jew. Who acts: commandment, servants, Mordecai, words. Esther 3:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.3.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/3/) / 3:4 # Esther 3:4 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** commandment, servants, Mordecai, words · **What happens:** come, pass, speak, not hearken, tell, see · **To what, where:** Haman, servants, Jew · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Esther 3:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — commandment, servants, Mordecai, words — and what happens in the verse to Haman, servants, Jew, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֗י כְּאָמְרָ֤ם אֵלָיו֙ י֣וֹם וָי֔וֹם וְלֹ֥א שָׁמַ֖ע אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ לְהָמָ֗ן לִרְאוֹת֙ הֲיַֽעַמְדוּ֙ דִּבְרֵ֣י מָרְדֳּכַ֔י כִּֽי־הִגִּ֥יד לָהֶ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־ה֥וּא יְהוּדִֽי׃ [Now it came to pass, when they spoke daily unto him, and he hearkened not unto them, that they told Haman, to see whether Mordecai's words would stand; for he had told them that he was a Jew.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.51/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:48 # text = וַיְהִ֗י כְּאָמְרָ֤ם אֵלָיו֙ י֣וֹם וָי֔וֹם וְלֹ֥א שָׁמַ֖ע אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ לְהָמָ֗ן לִרְאוֹת֙ הֲיַֽעַמְדוּ֙ דִּבְרֵ֣י מָרְדֳּכַ֔י כִּֽי־הִגִּ֥יד לָהֶ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־ה֥וּא יְהוּדִֽי׃ # verse = EST.3.4 1-2 וַיְהִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_3:4!1|MId=o170030040011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֗י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EST_3:4!1|MId=o170030040012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 כְּאָמְרָ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=EST_3:4!3|MId=o170030040031|Strong=3509a 4 אָמְר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=as|Ref=EST_3:4!3|MId=o170030040032|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:170030040033;|Type=infinitive_construct 5 ָ֤ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ Gloss=they.spoke|Ref=EST_3:4!3|MId=o170030040033|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 6-7 אֵלָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אֵלָי אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_3:4!4|MId=o170030040041|Strong=0413 7 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=EST_3:4!4|MId=o170030040042|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8 י֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=a.day|Ref=EST_3:4!5|MId=o170030040051|Strong=3117 9-10 וָי֔וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_3:4!6|MId=o170030040061|Strong=2050b 10 י֔וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=a.day|Ref=EST_3:4!6|MId=o170030040062|Strong=3117 11-12 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_3:4!7|MId=o170030040071|Strong=2050b 12 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EST_3:4!7|MId=o170030040072|Strong=3808|Type=negative 13 שָׁמַ֖ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.listened|Ref=EST_3:4!8|MId=o170030040081|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:170030030072;|Type=qatal 14-15 אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_3:4!9|MId=o170030040091|Strong=0413 15 הֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EST_3:4!9|MId=o170030040092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 16-17 וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_3:4!10|MId=o170030040101|Strong=2050b 17 יַּגִּ֣ידוּ נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.told|Ref=EST_3:4!10|MId=o170030040102|Strong=5046|Frame=A0:170030030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 18-19 לְהָמָ֗ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_3:4!11|MId=o170030040111|Strong=3807a 19 הָמָ֗ן הָמָן PROPN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=Haman|Ref=EST_3:4!11|MId=o170030040112|Strong=2001 20-21 לִרְאוֹת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_3:4!12|MId=o170030040121|Strong=3807a 21 רְאוֹת֙ רָאָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 advcl _ Gloss=see|Ref=EST_3:4!12|MId=o170030040122|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:170030030021;A1:170030040132;|Type=infinitive_construct 22-23 הֲיַֽעַמְדוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=will|Ref=EST_3:4!13|MId=o170030040131|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 23 יַֽעַמְדוּ֙ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 21 ccomp _ Gloss=they.stand?|Ref=EST_3:4!13|MId=o170030040132|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:170030040141;|Type=yiqtol 24 דִּבְרֵ֣י דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ Gloss=the.words|Ref=EST_3:4!14|MId=o170030040141|Strong=1697 25 מָרְדֳּכַ֔י מׇרְדֳּכַי PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Mordecai|Ref=EST_3:4!15|MId=o170030040151|Strong=4782 26 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EST_3:4!16|MId=o170030040161|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 27 הִגִּ֥יד נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=he.had.told|Ref=EST_3:4!17|MId=o170030040171|Strong=5046|Frame=AA:170030040151;A0:170030040211;|Type=qatal 28-29 לָהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 ל לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_3:4!18|MId=o170030040181|Strong=3807a 29 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EST_3:4!18|MId=o170030040182|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 32 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=EST_3:4!19|MId=o170030040191|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 31 ה֥וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=EST_3:4!20|MId=o170030040201|Strong=1931|Type=personal 32 יְהוּדִֽי יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[was].a.Jew|Ref=EST_3:4!21|MId=o170030040211|Strong=3064|Type=gentilic|SpaceAfter=No 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=EST_3:4!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמְר *as* | infinitive construct · qal | ָם *they spoke* | | | | | **not** שָׁמַע *he listened* | qatal · qal | | | | | | יַּגִּידוּ *they told* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | רְאוֹת *see* | infinitive construct · qal | | יַֽעַמְדוּ *they stand?* | | | | יַֽעַמְדוּ *they stand?* | yiqtol · qal | דִּבְרֵי *the words* | | | | | הִגִּיד *he had told* | qatal · hiphil | יְהוּדִֽי *\[was\] a Jew* | | | מָרְדֳּכַי *of Mordecai* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְּמַלָלוּתְהוֹן לְוָתֵיהּ יוֹמָא וְיוֹמָא וְלָא קַבֵּל מִנְהוֹן וְחַוִיאוּ לְהָמָן לְמֶחֱזֵי הֲיִתְקַיְמוּן פִּתְגָמֵי מָרְדְכַי כָּל קֳבֵיל פִּתְגָמֵי דְהָמָן אֲרוּם חֲוֵי לְהוֹן דִי לְהָמָן לָא הֲוָה סְגִיד עַל דַהֲוָה עַבְדֵיהּ דְאִזְדַבֵּן לֵיהּ בְּטוּלְמַת לְחֵם וּלְאַנְדְרָטָא דִי הֵקִים בַּהֲדֵיהּ לָא הֲוָה גָחִין עַל דַהֲוָה יְהוּדִי וִיהוּדָאֵי לָא פַּלְחִין וְלָא גָחַנִין לֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now it came to pass, when they spoke daily unto him, and he hearkened not unto them, that they told Haman, to see whether Mordecai's words would stand; for he had told them that he was a Jew.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.51/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:48`. - ← previous: [Esther 3:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.3.3/) - next →: [Esther 3:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.3.5/) - ↑ back to [Esther 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/3/)