--- title: Esther 4:11 — 'All the king's servants, and the people of the king's provinces, do… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: 'All the king's servants, and the people of the king's provinces, do know, that whosoever, whether man or woman, shall come unto the king into the inner court, who is not called, there is one law for him, that he be put to death, except such to whom the king shall hold out the golden sceptre, that h --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.4.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/4/) / 4:11 # Esther 4:11 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** servants, whosoever, one law, king · **What happens:** know, come, not call, be, put, hold out · **To what, where:** inner court, law, golden sceptre, I · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Esther 4:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servants, whosoever, one law, king — and what happens in the verse to inner court, law, golden sceptre, I, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כָּל־עַבְדֵ֣י הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ וְעַם־מְדִינ֨וֹת הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ יֽוֹדְעִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ וְאִשָּׁ֡ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָבֽוֹא־אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ֩ אֶל־הֶחָצֵ֨ר הַפְּנִימִ֜ית אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יִקָּרֵ֗א אַחַ֤ת דָּתוֹ֙ לְהָמִ֔ית לְ֠בַד מֵאֲשֶׁ֨ר יֽוֹשִׁיט־ל֥וֹ הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶת־שַׁרְבִ֥יט הַזָּהָ֖ב וְחָיָ֑ה וַאֲנִ֗י לֹ֤א נִקְרֵ֙אתי֙לָב֣וֹא אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ זֶ֖ה שְׁלוֹשִׁ֥ים יֽוֹם׃ ['All the king's servants, and the people of the king's provinces, do know, that whosoever, whether man or woman, shall come unto the king into the inner court, who is not called, there is one law for him, that he be put to death, except such to whom the king shall hold out the golden sceptre, that he may live; but I have not been called to come in unto the king these thirty days.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.73/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:70 # text = כָּל־עַבְדֵ֣י הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ וְעַם־מְדִינ֨וֹת הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ יֽוֹדְעִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ וְאִשָּׁ֡ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָבֽוֹא־אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ֩ אֶל־הֶחָצֵ֨ר הַפְּנִימִ֜ית אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יִקָּרֵ֗א אַחַ֤ת דָּתוֹ֙ לְהָמִ֔ית לְ֠בַד מֵאֲשֶׁ֨ר יֽוֹשִׁיט־ל֥וֹ הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶת־שַׁרְבִ֥יט הַזָּהָ֖ב וְחָיָ֑ה וַאֲנִ֗י לֹ֤א נִקְרֵ֙אתי֙לָב֣וֹא אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ זֶ֖ה שְׁלוֹשִׁ֥ים יֽוֹם׃ # verse = EST.4.11 1 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EST_4:11!1|MId=o170040110011|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 2 עַבְדֵ֣י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.servants|Ref=EST_4:11!2|MId=o170040110021|Strong=5650 3-4 הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_4:11!3|MId=o170040110031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מֶּ֡לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_4:11!3|MId=o170040110032|Strong=4428 5-6 וְעַם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:11!4|MId=o170040110041|Strong=2050b 6 עַם־ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=EST_4:11!4|MId=o170040110042|Strong=5971 7 מְדִינ֨וֹת מְדִינָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.provinces|Ref=EST_4:11!5|MId=o170040110051|Strong=4082 8-9 הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_4:11!6|MId=o170040110061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מֶּ֜לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_4:11!6|MId=o170040110062|Strong=4428 10 יֽוֹדְעִ֗ים יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[are].knowing|Ref=EST_4:11!7|MId=o170040110071|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:170040110021;170040110042;A1:170040110221;|Type=participle_active 11 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=EST_4:11!8|MId=o170040110081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 12 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=every|Ref=EST_4:11!9|MId=o170040110091|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 13 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=man|Ref=EST_4:11!10|MId=o170040110101|Strong=0376 14-15 וְאִשָּׁ֡ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:11!11|MId=o170040110111|Strong=2050b 15 אִשָּׁ֡ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=woman|Ref=EST_4:11!11|MId=o170040110112|Strong=0802 16 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=EST_4:11!12|MId=o170040110121|Strong=0834|Type=relative 17 יָבֽוֹא־ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.goes|Ref=EST_4:11!13|MId=o170040110131|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:170040110101;170040110112;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 18 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_4:11!14|MId=o170040110141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הַמֶּלֶךְ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_4:11!15|MId=o170040110151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 מֶּלֶךְ֩ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_4:11!15|MId=o170040110152|Strong=4428 21 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=EST_4:11!16|MId=o170040110161|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 הֶחָצֵ֨ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_4:11!17|MId=o170040110171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 חָצֵ֨ר חָצֵר NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=court|Ref=EST_4:11!17|MId=o170040110172|Strong=2691 24-25 הַפְּנִימִ֜ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EST_4:11!18|MId=o170040110181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 פְּנִימִ֜ית פְּנִימִי ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 amod _ Gloss=inner|Ref=EST_4:11!18|MId=o170040110182|Strong=6442|Type=adjective 26 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=EST_4:11!19|MId=o170040110191|Strong=0834|Type=relative 27 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EST_4:11!20|MId=o170040110201|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 28 יִקָּרֵ֗א קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.is.summoned|Ref=EST_4:11!21|MId=o170040110211|Strong=7121|Frame=A1:170040110101;170040110112;|Type=yiqtol 29 אַחַ֤ת אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].one|Ref=EST_4:11!22|MId=o170040110221|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 30-31 דָּתוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 דָּת דָּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ Gloss=law|Ref=EST_4:11!23|MId=o170040110231|Strong=1881 31 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EST_4:11!23|MId=o170040110232|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 32-33 לְהָמִ֔ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_4:11!24|MId=o170040110241|Strong=3807a 33 הָמִ֔ית מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 12 parataxis _ Gloss=put.to.death|Ref=EST_4:11!24|MId=o170040110242|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:;A1:170040110101;170040110112;|Type=infinitive_construct 34-35 לְ֠בַד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 לְ֠ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=apart|Ref=EST_4:11!25|MId=o170040110251|Strong=3807a 35 בַד בַּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=EST_4:11!25|MId=o170040110252|Strong=0905 36-37 מֵאֲשֶׁ֨ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 35 nmod _ Gloss=from|Ref=EST_4:11!26|MId=o170040110261|Strong=4480 37 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 38 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=EST_4:11!26|MId=o170040110262|Strong=0834|Type=relative 38 יֽוֹשִׁיט־ יָשַׁט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 36 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.holds.out|Ref=EST_4:11!27|MId=o170040110271|Strong=3447|Frame=AA:170040110292;A0:170040110311;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 39-40 ל֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 ל לְ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_4:11!28|MId=o170040110281|Strong=3807a 40 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=EST_4:11!28|MId=o170040110282|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 41-42 הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 42 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_4:11!29|MId=o170040110291|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 42 מֶּ֛לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_4:11!29|MId=o170040110292|Strong=4428 43 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 44 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EST_4:11!30|MId=o170040110301|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 44 שַׁרְבִ֥יט שַׁרְבִיט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 obj _ Gloss=the.scepter|Ref=EST_4:11!31|MId=o170040110311|Strong=8275 45-46 הַזָּהָ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 46 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=EST_4:11!32|MId=o170040110321|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 46 זָּהָ֖ב זָהָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 44 compound:smixut _ Gloss=gold|Ref=EST_4:11!32|MId=o170040110322|Strong=2091 47-48 וְחָיָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 48 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:11!33|MId=o170040110331|Strong=2050b 48 חָיָ֑ה חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 38 conj _ Gloss=he.will.live|Ref=EST_4:11!33|MId=o170040110332|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:170040110101;170040110112;|Type=weqatal 49-50 וַאֲנִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 52 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:11!34|MId=o170040110341|Strong=2050b 50 אֲנִ֗י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EST_4:11!34|MId=o170040110342|Strong=0589|Type=personal 51 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 52 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EST_4:11!35|MId=o170040110351|Strong=3808|Type=negative 52-54 נִקְרֵ֙אתי֙לָב֣וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52 נִקְרֵ֙אתי֙ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 10 conj _ Gloss=I.have.been.summoned|Ref=EST_4:11!36|MId=o170040110361|Strong=7121|Frame=A1:170040110342;|Type=qatal 53 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 54 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_4:11!37|MId=o170040110371|Strong=3807a 54 ב֣וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 52 advcl _ Gloss=go|Ref=EST_4:11!37|MId=o170040110372|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:170040100021;|Type=infinitive_construct 55 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 57 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_4:11!38|MId=o170040110381|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 56-57 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 56 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 57 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_4:11!39|MId=o170040110391|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 57 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 54 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_4:11!39|MId=o170040110392|Strong=4428 58 זֶ֖ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 60 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EST_4:11!40|MId=o170040110401|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 59 שְׁלוֹשִׁ֥ים שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 60 nummod _ Gloss=thirty|Ref=EST_4:11!41|MId=o170040110411|Strong=7970|Type=cardinal_number 60 יֽוֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 52 obl _ Gloss=day[s]|Ref=EST_4:11!42|MId=o170040110421|Strong=3117|SpaceAfter=No 61 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 60 punct _ Ref=EST_4:11!42 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֽוֹדְעִים *\[are\] knowing* | participle active · qal | עַבְדֵי *the servants* + עַם־ *the people* | אַחַת *\[is\] one* | | | | יָבֽוֹא־ *he goes* | yiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *man* + אִשָּׁה *woman* | | | | | **not** יִקָּרֵא *he is summoned* | yiqtol · niphal | | אִישׁ *man* + אִשָּׁה *woman* | | | | הָמִית *put to death* | infinitive construct · hiphil | | אִישׁ *man* + אִשָּׁה *woman* | | | | יֽוֹשִׁיט־ *he holds out* | yiqtol · hiphil | שַׁרְבִיט *the scepter* | | | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | חָיָה *he will live* | weqatal · qal | אִישׁ *man* + אִשָּׁה *woman* | | | | | **not** נִקְרֵאתי *I have been summoned* | qatal · niphal | | אֲנִי *I* | | | | בוֹא *go* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וְשַׁוִיאַת אֶסְתֵּר מִלִין בְּפוּם הֲתָךְ וַאֲמַרַת לֵיהּ כִּדְנָא תֵימַר לְמָרְדְכַי הֲלָא הָמָן רַשִׁיעָא גְזַר עַל מֵימַר אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ דְלָא לְמֵיעַל לְוַת מַלְכָּא לְדָרְתָא גַוָאָה בְּלָא רְשׁוּ וּכְעַן כָּל עַבְדֵי מַלְכָּא וְעַמִין דְדָיְרִין בְּפִלְכֵי מַלְכָּא יָדְעִין דִי כָּל גְבַר וְאִנְתְּתָא דִי יֵעוּל לְוַת מַלְכָּא לְדָרְתָא גַוָאָה דִי לָא מִתְקְרֵי עַל פּוּמֵיהּ דְהָמָן חֲדָא הִיא גְזֵירַת דִינֵיהּ לִמְמַת לְבַר מִמַן דִי יוֹשִׁיט לֵיהּ מַלְכָּא יַת תִּגְדָא דְדַהֲבָא וִיחֵי וַאֲנָא לָא אִתְקְרֵיתִי לְמֵיעַל לְוַת מַלְכָּא דֵין זְמַן תְּלָתִין יוֹמִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. ['All the king's servants, and the people of the king's provinces, do know, that whosoever, whether man or woman, shall come unto the king into the inner court, who is not called, there is one law for him, that he be put to death, except such to whom the king shall hold out the golden sceptre, that he may live; but I have not been called to come in unto the king these thirty days.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.73/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:70`. - ← previous: [Esther 4:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.4.10/) - next →: [Esther 4:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.4.12/) - ↑ back to [Esther 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/4/)