--- title: Esther 4:4 — And Esther's maidens and her chamberlains came and told it her; and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Esther's maidens and her chamberlains came and told it her; and the queen was exceedingly pained; and she sent raiment to clothe Mordecai; and to take his sackcloth from off him; but he accepted it not. Who acts: maidens, Esther, Mordecai. Esther 4:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targu --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.4.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/4/) / 4:4 # Esther 4:4 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** maidens, Esther, Mordecai · **What happens:** come, tell, pain, send, clothe, take · **To what, where:** sackcloth, Esther, queen, raiment, Mordecai · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Esther 4:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — maidens, Esther, Mordecai — and what happens in the verse to sackcloth, Esther, queen, raiment, Mordecai, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַ֠תָּבוֹאינָהנַעֲר֨וֹת אֶסְתֵּ֤ר וְסָרִיסֶ֙יהָ֙ וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ לָ֔הּ וַתִּתְחַלְחַ֥ל הַמַּלְכָּ֖ה מְאֹ֑ד וַתִּשְׁלַ֨ח בְּגָדִ֜ים לְהַלְבִּ֣ישׁ אֶֽת־מָרְדֳּכַ֗י וּלְהָסִ֥יר שַׂקּ֛וֹ מֵעָלָ֖יו וְלֹ֥א קִבֵּֽל׃ [And Esther's maidens and her chamberlains came and told it her; and the queen was exceedingly pained; and she sent raiment to clothe Mordecai; and to take his sackcloth from off him; but he accepted it not.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.66/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:63 # text = וַ֠תָּבוֹאינָהנַעֲר֨וֹת אֶסְתֵּ֤ר וְסָרִיסֶ֙יהָ֙ וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ לָ֔הּ וַתִּתְחַלְחַ֥ל הַמַּלְכָּ֖ה מְאֹ֑ד וַתִּשְׁלַ֨ח בְּגָדִ֜ים לְהַלְבִּ֣ישׁ אֶֽת־מָרְדֳּכַ֗י וּלְהָסִ֥יר שַׂקּ֛וֹ מֵעָלָ֖יו וְלֹ֥א קִבֵּֽל׃ # verse = EST.4.4 1-3 וַ֠תָּבוֹאינָהנַעֲר֨וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:4!1|MId=o170040040011|Strong=2050b 2 תָּבוֹאינָה בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.came|Ref=EST_4:4!1|MId=o170040040012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:170040040021;170040040042;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 נַעֲר֨וֹת נַעֲרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.maids|Ref=EST_4:4!2|MId=o170040040021|Strong=5291 4 אֶסְתֵּ֤ר אֶסְתֵּר PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Esther|Ref=EST_4:4!3|MId=o170040040031|Strong=0635 5-7 וְסָרִיסֶ֙יהָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:4!4|MId=o170040040041|Strong=2050b 6 סָרִיסֶ֙י סָרִיס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=eunuchs|Ref=EST_4:4!4|MId=o170040040042|Strong=5631 7 הָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her|Ref=EST_4:4!4|MId=o170040040043|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 8-9 וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:4!5|MId=o170040040051|Strong=2050b 9 יַּגִּ֣ידוּ נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.told|Ref=EST_4:4!5|MId=o170040040052|Strong=5046|Frame=A0:170040040021;170040040042;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 לָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 ל לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_4:4!6|MId=o170040040061|Strong=3807a 11 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=her|Ref=EST_4:4!6|MId=o170040040062|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 12-13 וַתִּתְחַלְחַ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:4!7|MId=o170040040071|Strong=2050b 13 תִּתְחַלְחַ֥ל חיל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HITHPALPEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.agonized|Ref=EST_4:4!7|MId=o170040040072|Strong=2342a|Frame=A0:170040040082;|Type=wayyiqtol 14-15 הַמַּלְכָּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_4:4!8|MId=o170040040081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 מַּלְכָּ֖ה מַלְכָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=queen|Ref=EST_4:4!8|MId=o170040040082|Strong=4436 16 מְאֹ֑ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=EST_4:4!9|MId=o170040040091|Strong=3966 17-18 וַתִּשְׁלַ֨ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:4!10|MId=o170040040101|Strong=2050b 18 תִּשְׁלַ֨ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.sent|Ref=EST_4:4!10|MId=o170040040102|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:170040040082;A1:170040040111;|Type=wayyiqtol 19 בְּגָדִ֜ים בֶּגֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 obj _ Gloss=garments|Ref=EST_4:4!11|MId=o170040040111|Strong=0899 20-21 לְהַלְבִּ֣ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_4:4!12|MId=o170040040121|Strong=3807a 21 הַלְבִּ֣ישׁ לָבֵשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 18 advcl _ Gloss=clothe|Ref=EST_4:4!12|MId=o170040040122|Strong=3847|Frame=AA:170040040021;170040040042;A0:170040040141;|Type=infinitive_construct 22 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EST_4:4!13|MId=o170040040131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 23 מָרְדֳּכַ֗י מׇרְדֳּכַי PROPN _ _ 21 obj _ Gloss=Mordecai|Ref=EST_4:4!14|MId=o170040040141|Strong=4782 24-26 וּלְהָסִ֥יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:4!15|MId=o170040040151|Strong=2050b 25 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_4:4!15|MId=o170040040152|Strong=3807a 26 הָסִ֥יר סוּר VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 21 conj _ Gloss=remove|Ref=EST_4:4!15|MId=o170040040153|Strong=5493|Frame=AA:170040040021;170040040042;A0:170040040161;|Type=infinitive_construct 27-28 שַׂקּ֛וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 שַׂקּ שַׂק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 obj _ Gloss=sackcloth|Ref=EST_4:4!16|MId=o170040040161|Strong=8242 28 ֛וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EST_4:4!16|MId=o170040040162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 29-31 מֵעָלָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EST_4:4!17|MId=o170040040171|Strong=4480 30 עָלָ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_4:4!17|MId=o170040040172|Strong=5921 31 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=EST_4:4!17|MId=o170040040173|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 32-33 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_4:4!18|MId=o170040040181|Strong=2050b 33 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 34 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EST_4:4!18|MId=o170040040182|Strong=3808|Type=negative 34 קִבֵּֽל קָבַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.accepted.[them]|Ref=EST_4:4!19|MId=o170040040191|Strong=6901|Frame=A0:170040040141;A1:170040040111;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=EST_4:4!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תָּבוֹאינָה *they came* | wayyiqtol · qal | נַעֲרוֹת *the maids* + סָרִיסֶי *eunuchs* | | | | | יַּגִּידוּ *they told* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | נַעֲרוֹת *the maids* + סָרִיסֶי *eunuchs* | | | | | תִּתְחַלְחַל *she agonized* | wayyiqtol · hithpalpel | מַּלְכָּה *queen* | | | | | תִּשְׁלַח *she sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַּלְכָּה *queen* | בְּגָדִים *garments* | | | | הַלְבִּישׁ *clothe* | infinitive construct · hiphil | מָרְדֳּכַי *Mordecai* | | | נַעֲרוֹת *the maids* + סָרִיסֶי *eunuchs* | | הָסִיר *remove* | infinitive construct · hiphil | שַׂקּ *sackcloth* | | | נַעֲרוֹת *the maids* + סָרִיסֶי *eunuchs* | | **not** קִבֵּֽל *he accepted \[them\]* | qatal · piel | מָרְדֳּכַי *Mordecai* | בְּגָדִים *garments* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וְעָלָן עוּלֵימָן דְאֶסְתֵּר וְרַבָּנָהָא וְחַוִיאוּ לָהּ וְאִזְדַעְזְעַת מַלְכְּתָא לַחֲדָא וְשַׁדַרַת לְבוּשֵׁי מַלְכוּתָא לְמִלְבַּשׁ יַת מָרְדְכַי וּלְמַעֲדֵי יַת שַׂקֵיהּ מֵעִלַוֵיהּ וְלָא קַבֵּל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Esther's maidens and her chamberlains came and told it her; and the queen was exceedingly pained; and she sent raiment to clothe Mordecai; and to take his sackcloth from off him; but he accepted it not.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.66/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:63`. - ← previous: [Esther 4:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.4.3/) - next →: [Esther 4:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.4.5/) - ↑ back to [Esther 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/4/)