--- title: Esther 7:4 — for we are sold, I and my people, to be destroyed, to be slain, and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: for we are sold, I and my people, to be destroyed, to be slain, and to perish. But if we had been sold for bondmen and bondwomen, I had held my peace, for the adversary is not worthy that the king be endamaged.' Who acts: I, adversary, my. Esther 7:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.7.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/7/) / 7:4 # Esther 7:4 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** I, adversary, my · **What happens:** sell, destroy, slain, perish, hold, not be · **To what, where:** we, peace, king This is Esther 7:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, adversary, my — and what happens in the verse to we, peace, king, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֤י נִמְכַּ֙רְנוּ֙ אֲנִ֣י וְעַמִּ֔י לְהַשְׁמִ֖יד לַהֲר֣וֹג וּלְאַבֵּ֑ד וְ֠אִלּוּ לַעֲבָדִ֨ים וְלִשְׁפָח֤וֹת נִמְכַּ֙רְנוּ֙ הֶחֱרַ֔שְׁתִּי כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין הַצָּ֛ר שֹׁוֶ֖ה בְּנֵ֥זֶק הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ס [for we are sold, I and my people, to be destroyed, to be slain, and to perish.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.115/) [But if we had been sold for bondmen and bondwomen, I had held my peace, for the adversary is not worthy that the king be endamaged.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.116/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:108 # text = כִּ֤י נִמְכַּ֙רְנוּ֙ אֲנִ֣י וְעַמִּ֔י לְהַשְׁמִ֖יד לַהֲר֣וֹג וּלְאַבֵּ֑ד וְ֠אִלּוּ לַעֲבָדִ֨ים וְלִשְׁפָח֤וֹת נִמְכַּ֙רְנוּ֙ הֶחֱרַ֔שְׁתִּי כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין הַצָּ֛ר שֹׁוֶ֖ה בְּנֵ֥זֶק הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ס # verse = EST.7.4 1 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EST_7:4!1|MId=o170070040011|Strong=3588 2 נִמְכַּ֙רְנוּ֙ מָכַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=we.have.been.sold|Ref=EST_7:4!2|MId=o170070040021|Strong=4376|Frame=A1:170070040031;170070040042;|Type=qatal 3 אֲנִ֣י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EST_7:4!3|MId=o170070040031|Strong=0589|Type=personal 4-6 וְעַמִּ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_7:4!4|MId=o170070040041|Strong=2050b 5 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=people|Ref=EST_7:4!4|MId=o170070040042|Strong=5971 6 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=EST_7:4!4|MId=o170070040043|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7-8 לְהַשְׁמִ֖יד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_7:4!5|MId=o170070040051|Strong=3807a 8 הַשְׁמִ֖יד שָׁמַד VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 advcl _ Gloss=annihilate|Ref=EST_7:4!5|MId=o170070040052|Strong=8045|Frame=A0:;A1:170070040031;170070040042;|Type=infinitive_construct 9-10 לַהֲר֣וֹג _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_7:4!6|MId=o170070040061|Strong=3807a 10 הֲר֣וֹג הָרַג VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 8 conj _ Gloss=kill|Ref=EST_7:4!6|MId=o170070040062|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:;A1:170070040031;170070040042;|Type=infinitive_construct 11-13 וּלְאַבֵּ֑ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_7:4!7|MId=o170070040071|Strong=2050b 12 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_7:4!7|MId=o170070040072|Strong=3807a 13 אַבֵּ֑ד אָבַד VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 8 conj _ Gloss=destroy|Ref=EST_7:4!7|MId=o170070040073|Strong=0006|Frame=A0:;A1:170070040031;170070040042;|Type=infinitive_construct 14-15 וְ֠אִלּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_7:4!8|MId=o170070040081|Strong=2050b 15 אִלּוּ אִלּוּ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=if|Ref=EST_7:4!8|MId=o170070040082|Strong=0432 16-17 לַעֲבָדִ֨ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_7:4!9|MId=o170070040091|Strong=3807a 17 עֲבָדִ֨ים עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 obl _ Gloss=male.slaves|Ref=EST_7:4!9|MId=o170070040092|Strong=5650 18-20 וְלִשְׁפָח֤וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_7:4!10|MId=o170070040101|Strong=2050b 19 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_7:4!10|MId=o170070040102|Strong=3807a 20 שְׁפָח֤וֹת שִׁפְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 17 conj _ Gloss=female.slaves|Ref=EST_7:4!10|MId=o170070040103|Strong=8198 21 נִמְכַּ֙רְנוּ֙ מָכַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=we.had.been.sold|Ref=EST_7:4!11|MId=o170070040111|Strong=4376|Frame=A1:170070030021;170070040042;|Type=qatal 22 הֶחֱרַ֔שְׁתִּי חָרֵשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 parataxis _ Gloss=I.kept.quiet|Ref=EST_7:4!12|MId=o170070040121|Strong=2790a|Frame=A0:170070030021;|Type=qatal 23 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EST_7:4!13|MId=o170070040131|Strong=3588 24 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 27 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EST_7:4!14|MId=o170070040141|Strong=0369|Type=negative 25-26 הַצָּ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_7:4!15|MId=o170070040151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 צָּ֛ר צַר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ Gloss=distress|Ref=EST_7:4!15|MId=o170070040152|Strong=6862 27 שֹׁוֶ֖ה שָׁוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=[is].equal|Ref=EST_7:4!16|MId=o170070040161|Strong=7737|Frame=A0:170070040152;|Type=participle_active 28-29 בְּנֵ֥זֶק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EST_7:4!17|MId=o170070040171|Strong=0871a 29 נֵ֥זֶק נֶזֶק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=the.injury|Ref=EST_7:4!17|MId=o170070040172|Strong=5143 30-31 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_7:4!18|MId=o170070040181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_7:4!18|MId=o170070040182|Strong=4428 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=EST_7:4!18|SpaceAfter=No 33 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=EST_7:4!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִמְכַּרְנוּ *we have been sold* | qatal · niphal | | אֲנִי *I* + עַמּ *people* | | | | הַשְׁמִיד *annihilate* | infinitive construct · hiphil | | אֲנִי *I* + עַמּ *people* | | | | הֲרוֹג *kill* | infinitive construct · qal | | אֲנִי *I* + עַמּ *people* | | | | אַבֵּד *destroy* | infinitive construct · piel | | אֲנִי *I* + עַמּ *people* | | | | נִמְכַּרְנוּ *we had been sold* | qatal · niphal | | עַמּ *people* | | | | הֶחֱרַשְׁתִּי *I kept quiet* | qatal · hiphil | | | | | | **not** שֹׁוֶה *\[is\] equal* | participle active · qal | צָּר *distress* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אֲרוּם אִזְדַבְּנָנָא מַגָן אֲנָא וְעַמִי בֵית יִשְׂרָאֵל לְאִשְׁתֵּצָאָה לְאִתְקְטָלָא וּלְהוֹבָדָא וְאִלוּלֵי לְעַבְדִין וּלְאַמְהָן אִזְדַבְּנָנָא שַׁתְקִית אֲרוּם לֵית מְעִיקָא טִימִין וּרְוָחָא בְּאַנְזֵיקָא דְמַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [for we are sold, I and my people, to be destroyed, to be slain, and to perish.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.115/) 2. [But if we had been sold for bondmen and bondwomen, I had held my peace, for the adversary is not worthy that the king be endamaged.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.116/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:108`. - ← previous: [Esther 7:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.7.3/) - next →: [Esther 7:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.7.5/) - ↑ back to [Esther 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/7/)