--- title: Esther 7:9 — Then said Harbonah, one of the chamberlains that were before the kin… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then said Harbonah, one of the chamberlains that were before the king: 'Behold also, the gallows fifty cubits high, which Haman hath made for Mordecai, who spoke good for the king, standeth in the house of Haman.' And the king said: 'Hang him thereon.' Who acts: Harbonah, chamberlains, Haman, Mordec --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.7.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/7/) / 7:9 # Esther 7:9 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** Harbonah, chamberlains, Haman, Mordecai, king · **What happens:** say, be, make, speak, stand, hang · **To what, where:** gallows, house, Haman · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Esther 7:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Harbonah, chamberlains, Haman, Mordecai, king — and what happens in the verse to gallows, house, Haman, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר חַ֠רְבוֹנָה אֶחָ֨ד מִן־הַסָּרִיסִ֜ים לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ גַּ֣ם הִנֵּה־הָעֵ֣ץ אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֪ה הָמָ֟ן לְֽמָרְדֳּכַ֞י אֲשֶׁ֧ר דִּבֶּר־ט֣וֹב עַל־הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ עֹמֵד֙ בְּבֵ֣ית הָמָ֔ן גָּבֹ֖הַּ חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים אַמָּ֑ה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ תְּלֻ֥הוּ עָלָֽיו׃ [Then said Harbonah, one of the chamberlains that were before the king: 'Behold also, the gallows fifty cubits high, which Haman hath made for Mordecai, who spoke good for the king, standeth in the house of Haman.' And the king said: 'Hang him thereon.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.122/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:113 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר חַ֠רְבוֹנָה אֶחָ֨ד מִן־הַסָּרִיסִ֜ים לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ גַּ֣ם הִנֵּה־הָעֵ֣ץ אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֪ה הָמָ֟ן לְֽמָרְדֳּכַ֞י אֲשֶׁ֧ר דִּבֶּר־ט֣וֹב עַל־הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ עֹמֵד֙ בְּבֵ֣ית הָמָ֔ן גָּבֹ֖הַּ חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים אַמָּ֑ה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ תְּלֻ֥הוּ עָלָֽיו׃ # verse = EST.7.9 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_7:9!1|MId=o170070090011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=EST_7:9!1|MId=o170070090012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:170070090021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 חַ֠רְבוֹנָה חַרְבֹונָה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Harbona|Ref=EST_7:9!2|MId=o170070090021|Strong=2726 4 אֶחָ֨ד אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=one|Ref=EST_7:9!3|MId=o170070090031|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 5 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_7:9!4|MId=o170070090041|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הַסָּרִיסִ֜ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_7:9!5|MId=o170070090051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 סָּרִיסִ֜ים סָרִיס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nmod _ Gloss=eunuchs|Ref=EST_7:9!5|MId=o170070090052|Strong=5631 8-9 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=EST_7:9!6|MId=o170070090061|Strong=3807a 9 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=EST_7:9!6|MId=o170070090062|Strong=6440 10-11 הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_7:9!7|MId=o170070090071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מֶּ֗לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_7:9!7|MId=o170070090072|Strong=4428 12 גַּ֣ם גַּם ADV _ _ 33 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=EST_7:9!8|MId=o170070090081|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 13 הִנֵּה־ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 33 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=EST_7:9!9|MId=o170070090091|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הָעֵ֣ץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_7:9!10|MId=o170070090101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 עֵ֣ץ עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ Gloss=gallows|Ref=EST_7:9!10|MId=o170070090102|Strong=6086 16 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=EST_7:9!11|MId=o170070090111|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 17 עָשָׂ֪ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.made|Ref=EST_7:9!12|MId=o170070090121|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:170070090131;A1:170070090102;|Type=qatal 18 הָמָ֟ן הָמָן PROPN _ _ 17 nsubj _ Gloss=Haman|Ref=EST_7:9!13|MId=o170070090131|Strong=2001 19-20 לְֽמָרְדֳּכַ֞י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְֽ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EST_7:9!14|MId=o170070090141|Strong=3807a 20 מָרְדֳּכַ֞י מׇרְדֳּכַי PROPN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=Mordecai|Ref=EST_7:9!14|MId=o170070090142|Strong=4782 21 אֲשֶׁ֧ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=EST_7:9!15|MId=o170070090151|Strong=0834|Type=relative 22 דִּבֶּר־ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.spoke|Ref=EST_7:9!16|MId=o170070090161|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:170070090142;A1:170070090171;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 23 ט֣וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=good|Ref=EST_7:9!17|MId=o170070090171|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 24 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_7:9!18|MId=o170070090181|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_7:9!19|MId=o170070090191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 מֶּ֗לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_7:9!19|MId=o170070090192|Strong=4428 27 עֹמֵד֙ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 33 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].standing|Ref=EST_7:9!20|MId=o170070090201|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:170070090102;|Type=participle_active 28-29 בְּבֵ֣ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EST_7:9!21|MId=o170070090211|Strong=0871a 29 בֵ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=EST_7:9!21|MId=o170070090212|Strong=1004 30 הָמָ֔ן הָמָן PROPN _ _ 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Haman|Ref=EST_7:9!22|MId=o170070090221|Strong=2001 31 גָּבֹ֖הַּ גָּבֹהַּ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ Gloss=high|Ref=EST_7:9!23|MId=o170070090231|Strong=1364|Type=adjective 32 חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 33 nummod _ Gloss=fifty|Ref=EST_7:9!24|MId=o170070090241|Strong=2572|Type=cardinal_number 33 אַמָּ֑ה אַמָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=cubit[s]|Ref=EST_7:9!25|MId=o170070090251|Strong=0520 34-35 וַיֹּ֥אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_7:9!26|MId=o170070090261|Strong=2050b 35 יֹּ֥אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=EST_7:9!26|MId=o170070090262|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:170070090272;|Type=wayyiqtol 36-37 הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_7:9!27|MId=o170070090271|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 37 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_7:9!27|MId=o170070090272|Strong=4428 38-39 תְּלֻ֥הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 תְּלֻ֥ תָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 35 ccomp _ Gloss=hang|Ref=EST_7:9!28|MId=o170070090281|Strong=8518|Frame=A0:;A1:170070090282;|Type=imperative 39 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=EST_7:9!28|MId=o170070090282|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 40-41 עָלָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 עָלָֽי עַל ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_7:9!29|MId=o170070090291|Strong=5921 41 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=EST_7:9!29|MId=o170070090292|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=EST_7:9!29 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | חַרְבוֹנָה *Harbona* | | | | | עָשָׂה *he has made* | qatal · qal | הָמָן *Haman* | עֵץ *gallows* | | | | דִּבֶּר־ *he spoke* | qatal · piel | מָרְדֳּכַי *Mordecai* | טוֹב *good* | | | | עֹמֵד *\[is\] standing* | participle active · qal | עֵץ *gallows* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | תְּלֻ *hang* | imperative · qal | | הוּ *him* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר חַרְבוֹנָא חַד מִן רַבָּנַיָא קֳדָם מַלְכָּא בְּרַם הָא קֵיסָא דִי זַמֵן הָמָן לְמִצְלַב יַת מָרְדְכַי דְמַלֵל טָבָא בְּגִין מַלְכָּא וְעַל יְדוֹי אִשְׁתְּזֵיב מִקְטוֹל וְהָא קֵיסָא קָאֵם בְּבֵית הָמָן כְּעַן אִין עַל מַלְכָּא שַׁפִּיר יִתְנְסָח אָע מִן בֵּיתֵיהּ וּזְקֵיף יִתְמְחֵי עֲלוֹהִי רוּמֵיהּ חַמְשִׁין אַמִין וַאֲמַר מַלְכָּא אֱזִילוּ צְלִיבוּ יָתֵיהּ עֲלוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then said Harbonah, one of the chamberlains that were before the king: 'Behold also, the gallows fifty cubits high, which Haman hath made for Mordecai, who spoke good for the king, standeth in the house of Haman.' And the king said: 'Hang him thereon.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.122/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:113`. - ← previous: [Esther 7:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.7.8/) - next →: [Esther 7:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.7.10/) - ↑ back to [Esther 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/7/)