--- title: Esther 9:10 — the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews' enemy, slew t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews' enemy, slew they; but on the spoil they laid not their hand. Who acts: ten sons, sons. Esther 9:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/9/) / 9:10 # Esther 9:10 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** ten sons, sons · **What happens:** slay, not lay · **To what, where:** Jews, hand, spoil This is Esther 9:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ten sons, sons — and what happens in the verse to Jews, hand, spoil, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עֲ֠שֶׂרֶת בְּנֵ֨י הָמָ֧ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֛תָא צֹרֵ֥ר הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים הָרָ֑גוּ וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה לֹ֥א שָׁלְח֖וּ אֶת־יָדָֽם׃ [the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews' enemy, slew they; but on the spoil they laid not their hand.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.155/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:141 # text = עֲ֠שֶׂרֶת בְּנֵ֨י הָמָ֧ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֛תָא צֹרֵ֥ר הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים הָרָ֑גוּ וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה לֹ֥א שָׁלְח֖וּ אֶת־יָדָֽם׃ # verse = EST.9.10 1 עֲ֠שֶׂרֶת עֲשָׂרָה NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nummod _ Gloss=the.ten|Ref=EST_9:10!1|MId=o170090100011|Strong=6235|Type=cardinal_number 2 בְּנֵ֨י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 obj _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=EST_9:10!2|MId=o170090100021|Strong=1121 3 הָמָ֧ן הָמָן PROPN _ _ 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Haman|Ref=EST_9:10!3|MId=o170090100031|Strong=2001 4 בֶּֽן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=EST_9:10!4|MId=o170090100041|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 5 הַמְּדָ֛תָא הַמְּדָתָא PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hammedatha|Ref=EST_9:10!5|MId=o170090100051|Strong=4099a 6 צֹרֵ֥ר צָרַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=the.harasser|Ref=EST_9:10!6|MId=o170090100061|Strong=6887a|Frame=A0:170090100031;A1:170090100072;|Type=participle_active 7-8 הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_9:10!7|MId=o170090100071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 יְּהוּדִ֖ים יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Jews|Ref=EST_9:10!7|MId=o170090100072|Strong=3064|Type=gentilic 9 הָרָ֑גוּ הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.killed|Ref=EST_9:10!8|MId=o170090100081|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:170090100072;A1:170090100021;|Type=qatal 10-13 וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:10!9|MId=o170090100091|Strong=2050b 11 בַ֨ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_9:10!9|MId=o170090100092|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_9:10!9|MId=o170090100092ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 בִּזָּ֔ה בִּזָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=plunder|Ref=EST_9:10!9|MId=o170090100093|Strong=0961 14 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EST_9:10!10|MId=o170090100101|Strong=3808|Type=negative 15 שָׁלְח֖וּ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=they.stretched.out|Ref=EST_9:10!11|MId=o170090100111|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:170090100072;A1:170090100131;|Type=qatal 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EST_9:10!12|MId=o170090100121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 יָדָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=EST_9:10!13|MId=o170090100131|Strong=3027 18 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EST_9:10!13|MId=o170090100132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=EST_9:10!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | צֹרֵר *the harasser* | participle active · qal | הָמָן *of Haman* | יְּהוּדִים *the Jews* | | | | הָרָגוּ *they killed* | qatal · qal | יְּהוּדִים *the Jews* | בְּנֵי *the sons* | | | | **not** שָׁלְחוּ *they stretched out* | qatal · qal | יְּהוּדִים *the Jews* | יָד *hand* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} עֲשַׂרְתֵּי בְּנוֹי דְהָמָן בַּר הַמְדָתָא מְעִיקָא דִיהוּדָאִין קְטָלוּ וּבַעֲדָאָה לָא אוֹשִׁיטוּ יַת יְדֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews' enemy, slew they; but on the spoil they laid not their hand.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.155/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:141`. - ← previous: [Esther 9:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.9/) - next →: [Esther 9:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.11/) - ↑ back to [Esther 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/9/)