--- title: Esther 9:12 — And the king said unto Esther the queen: 'The Jews have slain and de… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the king said unto Esther the queen: 'The Jews have slain and destroyed five hundred men in Shushan the castle, and the ten sons of Haman; what then have they done in the rest of the king's provinces! Now whatever thy petition, it shall be granted thee; and whatever thy request further, it shall --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/9/) / 9:12 # Esther 9:12 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** king, Jews, thy · **What happens:** say, slay, destroy, do, grant, petition · **To what, where:** hundred men, Shushan, rest, petition, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Esther 9:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, Jews, thy — and what happens in the verse to hundred men, Shushan, rest, petition, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֗ה בְּשׁוּשַׁ֣ן הַבִּירָ֡ה הָרְגוּ֩ הַיְּהוּדִ֨ים וְאַבֵּ֜ד חֲמֵ֧שׁ מֵא֣וֹת אִ֗ישׁ וְאֵת֙ עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת בְּנֵֽי־הָמָ֔ן בִּשְׁאָ֛ר מְדִינ֥וֹת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶ֣ה עָשׂ֑וּ וּמַה־שְּׁאֵֽלָתֵךְ֙ וְיִנָּ֣תֵֽן לָ֔ךְ וּמַה־בַּקָּשָׁתֵ֥ךְ ע֖וֹד וְתֵעָֽשׂ׃ [And the king said unto Esther the queen: 'The Jews have slain and destroyed five hundred men in Shushan the castle, and the ten sons of Haman; what then have they done in the rest of the king's provinces!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.157/) [Now whatever thy petition, it shall be granted thee; and whatever thy request further, it shall be done.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.158/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:143 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֗ה בְּשׁוּשַׁ֣ן הַבִּירָ֡ה הָרְגוּ֩ הַיְּהוּדִ֨ים וְאַבֵּ֜ד חֲמֵ֧שׁ מֵא֣וֹת אִ֗ישׁ וְאֵת֙ עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת בְּנֵֽי־הָמָ֔ן בִּשְׁאָ֛ר מְדִינ֥וֹת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶ֣ה עָשׂ֑וּ וּמַה־שְּׁאֵֽלָתֵךְ֙ וְיִנָּ֣תֵֽן לָ֔ךְ וּמַה־בַּקָּשָׁתֵ֥ךְ ע֖וֹד וְתֵעָֽשׂ׃ # verse = EST.9.12 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:12!1|MId=o170090120011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=EST_9:12!1|MId=o170090120012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:170090120022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_9:12!2|MId=o170090120021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מֶּ֜לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=EST_9:12!2|MId=o170090120022|Strong=4428 5-6 לְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_9:12!3|MId=o170090120031|Strong=3807a 6 אֶסְתֵּ֣ר אֶסְתֵּר PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Esther|Ref=EST_9:12!3|MId=o170090120032|Strong=0635 7-8 הַמַּלְכָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_9:12!4|MId=o170090120041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 מַּלְכָּ֗ה מַלְכָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 appos _ Gloss=queen|Ref=EST_9:12!4|MId=o170090120042|Strong=4436 9-10 בְּשׁוּשַׁ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EST_9:12!5|MId=o170090120051|Strong=0871a 10 שׁוּשַׁ֣ן שׁוּשַׁן PROPN _ _ 13 obl _ Gloss=Susa|Ref=EST_9:12!5|MId=o170090120052|Strong=7800 11-12 הַבִּירָ֡ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_9:12!6|MId=o170090120061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 בִּירָ֡ה בִּירָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 appos _ Gloss=citadel|Ref=EST_9:12!6|MId=o170090120062|Strong=1002 13 הָרְגוּ֩ הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=they.have.killed|Ref=EST_9:12!7|MId=o170090120071|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:170090120082;|Type=qatal 14-15 הַיְּהוּדִ֨ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_9:12!8|MId=o170090120081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 יְּהוּדִ֨ים יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ Gloss=Jews|Ref=EST_9:12!8|MId=o170090120082|Strong=3064|Type=gentilic 16-17 וְאַבֵּ֜ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:12!9|MId=o170090120091|Strong=2050b 17 אַבֵּ֜ד אָבַד VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 13 conj _ Gloss=they.have.destroyed|Ref=EST_9:12!9|MId=o170090120092|Strong=0006|Frame=A0:170090120082;A1:170090120121;170090120151;|Type=infinitive_absolute 18 חֲמֵ֧שׁ חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 nummod _ Gloss=five|Ref=EST_9:12!10|MId=o170090120101|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 19 מֵא֣וֹת מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Plur 18 flat _ Gloss=hundred(s)|Ref=EST_9:12!11|MId=o170090120111|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 20 אִ֗ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=man|Ref=EST_9:12!12|MId=o170090120121|Strong=0376 21-22 וְאֵת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:12!13|MId=o170090120131|Strong=2050b 22 אֵת֙ אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EST_9:12!13|MId=o170090120132|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 23 עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת עֲשָׂרָה NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 nummod _ Gloss=the.ten|Ref=EST_9:12!14|MId=o170090120141|Strong=6235|Type=cardinal_number 24 בְּנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 conj _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=EST_9:12!15|MId=o170090120151|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 25 הָמָ֔ן הָמָן PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Haman|Ref=EST_9:12!16|MId=o170090120161|Strong=2001 26-27 בִּשְׁאָ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EST_9:12!17|MId=o170090120171|Strong=0871a 27 שְׁאָ֛ר שְׁאָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=the.rest|Ref=EST_9:12!17|MId=o170090120172|Strong=7605 28 מְדִינ֥וֹת מְדִינָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.provinces|Ref=EST_9:12!18|MId=o170090120181|Strong=4082 29-30 הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_9:12!19|MId=o170090120191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_9:12!19|MId=o170090120192|Strong=4428 31 מֶ֣ה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 32 obj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=EST_9:12!20|MId=o170090120201|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 32 עָשׂ֑וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 parataxis _ Gloss=have.they.done|Ref=EST_9:12!21|MId=o170090120211|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:170090120082;A1:170090120201;|Type=qatal 33-34 וּמַה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:12!22|MId=o170090120221|Strong=2050b 34 מַה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 13 conj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=EST_9:12!22|MId=o170090120222|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 35-36 שְּׁאֵֽלָתֵךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 שְּׁאֵֽלָת שְׁאֵלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ Gloss=petition|Ref=EST_9:12!23|MId=o170090120231|Strong=7596 36 ֵךְ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[is].your|Ref=EST_9:12!23|MId=o170090120232|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 37-38 וְיִנָּ֣תֵֽן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:12!24|MId=o170090120241|Strong=2050b 38 יִנָּ֣תֵֽן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 34 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.given|Ref=EST_9:12!24|MId=o170090120242|Strong=5414|Frame=A1:170090120231;|Type=yiqtol 39-40 לָ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 ל לְ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_9:12!25|MId=o170090120251|Strong=3807a 40 ָ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 38 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EST_9:12!25|MId=o170090120252|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 41-42 וּמַה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 42 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:12!26|MId=o170090120261|Strong=2050b 42 מַה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 34 conj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=EST_9:12!26|MId=o170090120262|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 43-44 בַּקָּשָׁתֵ֥ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 בַּקָּשָׁת בַּקָּשָׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ Gloss=request|Ref=EST_9:12!27|MId=o170090120271|Strong=1246 44 ֵ֥ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[is].your|Ref=EST_9:12!27|MId=o170090120272|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 45 ע֖וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 42 advmod _ Gloss=more|Ref=EST_9:12!28|MId=o170090120281|Strong=5750 46-47 וְתֵעָֽשׂ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 47 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:12!29|MId=o170090120291|Strong=2050b 47 תֵעָֽשׂ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 42 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.done|Ref=EST_9:12!29|MId=o170090120292|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:170090120271;|Type=jussive 48 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 47 punct _ Ref=EST_9:12!29 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | הָרְגוּ *they have killed* | qatal · qal | יְּהוּדִים *Jews* | | | | | אַבֵּד *they have destroyed* | infinitive absolute · piel | יְּהוּדִים *Jews* | אִישׁ *man* + בְּנֵֽי־ *the sons* | | | | עָשׂוּ *have they done* | qatal · qal | יְּהוּדִים *Jews* | מֶה *what?* | | | | יִנָּתֵֽן *it will be given* | yiqtol · niphal | | שְּׁאֵֽלָת *petition* | | | | תֵעָֽשׂ *it will be done* | jussive · niphal | | בַּקָּשָׁת *request* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר מַלְכָּא לְאֶסְתֵּר מַלְכְּתָא בְּשׁוּשַׁן בִּירַנְתָּא קְטִילוּ יְהוּדָאִין וְהוּבַדוּ חֲמֵשׁ מְאָה גוּבְרַיָא רוֹפִילִין דְמִזַרְעִית עֲמָלֵק וְיַת עֲשַׂרְתֵּי בְּנוֹי דְהָמָן בְּמִשְׁאַר פִּלְכֵי מַלְכָּא מַה עֲבָדוּ וּמַה שְׁאֵלָתֵךְ וְתִתְיְהַב לָךְ וּמַה בָּעוּתִיךְ עוֹד וְתִתְעֲבֵד: (ת"א וַאֲמַר מַלְכָּא לְאֶסְתֵּר מַלְכְּתָא בְּשׁוּשַׁן בִּירַנְתָּא קְטִילוּ יְהוּדָאֵי וּגְמָרוּ חֲמֵשׁ מְאָה גוּבְרִין וְיַת עֲשַׂרְתֵּי בְנוֹי דְהָמָן בִּשְׁאַר מְדִינְתֵי דְמַלְכָּא מָה עֲבָדוּ וּמַה שְׁאֵילְתִיךְ וְיִתְיְהַב לָךְ וּמַה בָעוּתֵךְ תּוּב וְתִתְעַבֵּיד): The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the king said unto Esther the queen: 'The Jews have slain and destroyed five hundred men in Shushan the castle, and the ten sons of Haman; what then have they done in the rest of the king's provinces!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.157/) 2. [Now whatever thy petition, it shall be granted thee; and whatever thy request further, it shall be done.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.158/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:143`. - ← previous: [Esther 9:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.11/) - next →: [Esther 9:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.13/) - ↑ back to [Esther 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/9/)