--- title: Esther 9:16 — And the other Jews that were in the king's provinces gathered themse… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the other Jews that were in the king's provinces gathered themselves together, and stood for their lives, and had rest from their enemies, and slew of them that hated them seventy and five thousand — but on the spoil they laid not their hand — Who acts: other Jews, Jews. Esther 9:16 in Hebrew wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/9/) / 9:16 # Esther 9:16 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** other Jews, Jews · **What happens:** be, gather, stand, have, slew, hate · **To what, where:** provinces, Jews, rest, enemies, seventy thousand, hand This is Esther 9:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — other Jews, Jews — and what happens in the verse to provinces, Jews, rest, enemies, seventy thousand, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּשְׁאָ֣ר הַיְּהוּדִ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ בִּמְדִינ֨וֹת הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ נִקְהֲל֣וּ ׀ וְעָמֹ֣ד עַל־נַפְשָׁ֗ם וְנ֙וֹחַ֙ מֵאֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם וְהָרֹג֙ בְּשֹׂ֣נְאֵיהֶ֔ם חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים אָ֑לֶף וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה לֹ֥א שָֽׁלְח֖וּ אֶת־יָדָֽם׃ [And the other Jews that were in the king's provinces gathered themselves together, and stood for their lives, and had rest from their enemies, and slew of them that hated them seventy and five thousand — but on the spoil they laid not their hand —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.162/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:147 # text = וּשְׁאָ֣ר הַיְּהוּדִ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ בִּמְדִינ֨וֹת הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ נִקְהֲל֣וּ ׀ וְעָמֹ֣ד עַל־נַפְשָׁ֗ם וְנ֙וֹחַ֙ מֵאֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם וְהָרֹג֙ בְּשֹׂ֣נְאֵיהֶ֔ם חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים אָ֑לֶף וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה לֹ֥א שָֽׁלְח֖וּ אֶת־יָדָֽם׃ # verse = EST.9.16 1-2 וּשְׁאָ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:16!1|MId=o170090160011|Strong=2050b 2 שְׁאָ֣ר שְׁאָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=the.remainder|Ref=EST_9:16!1|MId=o170090160012|Strong=7605 3-4 הַיְּהוּדִ֡ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_9:16!2|MId=o170090160021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 יְּהוּדִ֡ים יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Jews|Ref=EST_9:16!2|MId=o170090160022|Strong=3064|Type=gentilic 5 אֲשֶׁר֩ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=EST_9:16!3|MId=o170090160031|Strong=0834|Type=relative 6-7 בִּמְדִינ֨וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=[were].in|Ref=EST_9:16!4|MId=o170090160041|Strong=0871a 7 מְדִינ֨וֹת מְדִינָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.provinces|Ref=EST_9:16!4|MId=o170090160042|Strong=4082 8-9 הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_9:16!5|MId=o170090160051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מֶּ֜לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_9:16!5|MId=o170090160052|Strong=4428 10 נִקְהֲל֣וּ קָהַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.assembled|Ref=EST_9:16!6|MId=o170090160061|Strong=6950|Frame=A0:170090160012;|Type=qatal 11 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ Ref=EST_9:16!6 12-13 וְעָמֹ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:16!7|MId=o170090160071|Strong=2050b 13 עָמֹ֣ד עָמַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 10 conj _ Gloss=they.made.a.stand|Ref=EST_9:16!7|MId=o170090160072|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:170090160012;|Type=infinitive_absolute 14 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_9:16!8|MId=o170090160081|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 נַפְשָׁ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=life|Ref=EST_9:16!9|MId=o170090160091|Strong=5315 16 ָ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EST_9:16!9|MId=o170090160092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17-18 וְנ֙וֹחַ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:16!10|MId=o170090160101|Strong=2050b 18 נ֙וֹחַ֙ נוּחַ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 10 conj _ Gloss=they.had.rest|Ref=EST_9:16!10|MId=o170090160102|Strong=5117|Type=infinitive_absolute 19-21 מֵאֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EST_9:16!11|MId=o170090160111|Strong=4480 20 אֹ֣יְבֵי אָיַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 18 obl _ Gloss=enemies|Ref=EST_9:16!11|MId=o170090160112|Strong=0341|Type=participle_active 21 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EST_9:16!11|MId=o170090160113|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 22-23 וְהָרֹג֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:16!12|MId=o170090160121|Strong=2050b 23 הָרֹג֙ הָרַג VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 10 conj _ Gloss=they.killed|Ref=EST_9:16!12|MId=o170090160122|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:170090160012;A1:170090160141;170090160152;170090160161;|Type=infinitive_absolute 24-26 בְּשֹׂ֣נְאֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=EST_9:16!13|MId=o170090160131|Strong=0871a 25 שֹׂ֣נְאֵי שָׂנֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 23 advcl _ Gloss=[those|Ref=EST_9:16!13|MId=o170090160132|Strong=8130|Frame=A1:170090160133;|Type=participle_active 26 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=who].hated.them|Ref=EST_9:16!13|MId=o170090160133|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27 חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=five|Ref=EST_9:16!14|MId=o170090160141|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 28-29 וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:16!15|MId=o170090160151|Strong=2050b 29 שִׁבְעִ֖ים שֶׁבַע NUM _ Number=Plur 27 conj _ Gloss=seventy|Ref=EST_9:16!15|MId=o170090160152|Strong=7657|Type=cardinal_number 30 אָ֑לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 27 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=EST_9:16!16|MId=o170090160161|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 31-34 וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:16!17|MId=o170090160171|Strong=2050b 32 בַ֨ בְּ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_9:16!17|MId=o170090160172|Strong=0871a 33 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_9:16!17|MId=o170090160172ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 בִּזָּ֔ה בִּזָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 36 obl _ Gloss=plunder|Ref=EST_9:16!17|MId=o170090160173|Strong=0961 35 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 36 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EST_9:16!18|MId=o170090160181|Strong=3808|Type=negative 36 שָֽׁלְח֖וּ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 10 conj _ Gloss=they.stretched.out|Ref=EST_9:16!19|MId=o170090160191|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:170090160012;A1:170090160211;|Type=qatal 37 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EST_9:16!20|MId=o170090160201|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 38-39 יָדָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 36 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=EST_9:16!21|MId=o170090160211|Strong=3027 39 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EST_9:16!21|MId=o170090160212|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=EST_9:16!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִקְהֲלוּ *they assembled* | qatal · niphal | שְׁאָר *the remainder* | | | | | עָמֹד *they made a stand* | infinitive absolute · qal | שְׁאָר *the remainder* | | | | | הָרֹג *they killed* | infinitive absolute · qal | שְׁאָר *the remainder* | חֲמִשָּׁה *five* + שִׁבְעִים *seventy* + אָלֶף *thousand* | | | | שֹׂנְאֵי *\[those* | participle active · qal | | הֶם *who\] hated them* | | | | **not** שָֽׁלְחוּ *they stretched out* | qatal · qal | שְׁאָר *the remainder* | יָד *hand* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וּשְׁאַר יְהוּדָאִין דִי בְּפִלְכֵי דְמַלְכָּא אִתְכְּנָשׁוּ וְקַיְמוּ יַת נַפְשֵׁיהוֹן וְאַשְׁכָּחוּ נְיָחָא מִבַּעֲלֵי דְבָבֵיהוֹן וּקְטָלוּ בְּסַנְאֵיהוֹן שַׁבְעִין וְחַמְשָׁא אַלְפִין מִדְבֵית עֲמָלֵק וּבְעַדָאָה לָא אוֹשִׁיטוּ יַת יְדֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the other Jews that were in the king's provinces gathered themselves together, and stood for their lives, and had rest from their enemies, and slew of them that hated them seventy and five thousand — but on the spoil they laid not their hand —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.162/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:147`. - ← previous: [Esther 9:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.15/) - next →: [Esther 9:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.17/) - ↑ back to [Esther 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/9/)