--- title: Esther 9:2 — the Jews gathered themselves together in their cities throughout all… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: the Jews gathered themselves together in their cities throughout all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus, to lay hand on such as sought their hurt; and no man could withstand them; for the fear of them was fallen upon all the peoples. Who acts: Jews, man. Esther 9:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tre --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/9/) / 9:2 # Esther 9:2 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** Jews, man · **What happens:** gather, lay, withstand, fall, hurt, fear · **To what, where:** Jews, cities, hand, sought, fear This is Esther 9:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jews, man — and what happens in the verse to Jews, cities, hand, sought, fear, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. נִקְהֲל֨וּ הַיְּהוּדִ֜ים בְּעָרֵיהֶ֗ם בְּכָל־מְדִינוֹת֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֳחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ יָ֔ד בִּמְבַקְשֵׁ֖י רָֽעָתָ֑ם וְאִישׁ֙ לֹא־עָמַ֣ד לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־נָפַ֥ל פַּחְדָּ֖ם עַל־כָּל־הָעַמִּֽים׃ [the Jews gathered themselves together in their cities throughout all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus, to lay hand on such as sought their hurt; and no man could withstand them; for the fear of them was fallen upon all the peoples.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.147/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:133 # text = נִקְהֲל֨וּ הַיְּהוּדִ֜ים בְּעָרֵיהֶ֗ם בְּכָל־מְדִינוֹת֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֳחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ יָ֔ד בִּמְבַקְשֵׁ֖י רָֽעָתָ֑ם וְאִישׁ֙ לֹא־עָמַ֣ד לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־נָפַ֥ל פַּחְדָּ֖ם עַל־כָּל־הָעַמִּֽים׃ # verse = EST.9.2 1 נִקְהֲל֨וּ קָהַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.assembled|Ref=EST_9:2!1|MId=o170090020011|Strong=6950|Frame=A0:170090020022;|Type=qatal 2-3 הַיְּהוּדִ֜ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_9:2!2|MId=o170090020021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 יְּהוּדִ֜ים יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nsubj _ Gloss=Jews|Ref=EST_9:2!2|MId=o170090020022|Strong=3064|Type=gentilic 4-6 בְּעָרֵיהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EST_9:2!3|MId=o170090020031|Strong=0871a 5 עָרֵי עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 1 obl _ Gloss=cities|Ref=EST_9:2!3|MId=o170090020032|Strong=5892 6 הֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=EST_9:2!3|MId=o170090020033|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 7-8 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EST_9:2!4|MId=o170090020041|Strong=0871a 8 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EST_9:2!4|MId=o170090020042|Strong=3605 9 מְדִינוֹת֙ מְדִינָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.provinces|Ref=EST_9:2!5|MId=o170090020051|Strong=4082 10-11 הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EST_9:2!6|MId=o170090020061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מֶּ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EST_9:2!6|MId=o170090020062|Strong=4428 12 אֳחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ PROPN _ _ 11 appos _ Gloss=Ahasuerus|Ref=EST_9:2!7|MId=o170090020071|Strong=0325 13-14 לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_9:2!8|MId=o170090020081|Strong=3807a 14 שְׁלֹ֣חַ שָׁלַח VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 1 advcl _ Gloss=stretch.out|Ref=EST_9:2!8|MId=o170090020082|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:170090020022;A1:170090020091;|Type=infinitive_construct 15 יָ֔ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=a.hand|Ref=EST_9:2!9|MId=o170090020091|Strong=3027 16-17 בִּמְבַקְשֵׁ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_9:2!10|MId=o170090020101|Strong=0871a 17 מְבַקְשֵׁ֖י בָּקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 14 advcl _ Gloss=[those.who.were].seeking|Ref=EST_9:2!10|MId=o170090020102|Strong=1245|Frame=A1:170090020111;|Type=participle_active 18-19 רָֽעָתָ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 רָֽעָת רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=harm|Ref=EST_9:2!11|MId=o170090020111|Strong=7451b 19 ָ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=(of).their|Ref=EST_9:2!11|MId=o170090020112|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְאִישׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:2!12|MId=o170090020121|Strong=2050b 21 אִישׁ֙ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=anyone|Ref=EST_9:2!12|MId=o170090020122|Strong=0376 22 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EST_9:2!13|MId=o170090020131|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 23 עָמַ֣ד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=he.stood|Ref=EST_9:2!14|MId=o170090020141|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:170090020122;|Type=qatal 24-26 לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=EST_9:2!15|MId=o170090020151|Strong=3807a 25 פְנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 23 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=EST_9:2!15|MId=o170090020152|Strong=6440 26 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=them|Ref=EST_9:2!15|MId=o170090020153|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EST_9:2!16|MId=o170090020161|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 28 נָפַ֥ל נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 advcl _ Gloss=it.had.fallen|Ref=EST_9:2!17|MId=o170090020171|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:170090020181;|Type=qatal 29-30 פַּחְדָּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 פַּחְדּ פַּחַד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=EST_9:2!18|MId=o170090020181|Strong=6343 30 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=dread|Ref=EST_9:2!18|MId=o170090020182|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 31 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EST_9:2!19|MId=o170090020191|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 32 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EST_9:2!20|MId=o170090020201|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 33-34 הָעַמִּֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_9:2!21|MId=o170090020211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 עַמִּֽים עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=peoples|Ref=EST_9:2!21|MId=o170090020212|Strong=5971 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=EST_9:2!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִקְהֲלוּ *they assembled* | qatal · niphal | יְּהוּדִים *Jews* | | | | | שְׁלֹחַ *stretch out* | infinitive construct · qal | יְּהוּדִים *Jews* | יָד *a hand* | | | | מְבַקְשֵׁי *\[those who were\] seeking* | participle active · piel | | רָֽעָת *harm* | | | | **not** עָמַד *he stood* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *anyone* | | | | | נָפַל *it had fallen* | qatal · qal | פַּחְדּ *of them* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אִתְכַּנְשׁוּ יְהוּדָאִין בְּקִירְוֵיהוֹן בְּכָל פִּלְכֵי דְמַלְכָּא אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ לְאוֹשָׁטָא יְדָא בְּכָל דְתָבְעִין בִּישַׁתְהוֹן וּגְבַר לָא קָם בְּאַפֵּיהוֹן אֲרוּם נְפַל פַּחְדֵיהוֹן עַל כָּל עַמְמַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [the Jews gathered themselves together in their cities throughout all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus, to lay hand on such as sought their hurt; and no man could withstand them; for the fear of them was fallen upon all the peoples.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.147/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:133`. - ← previous: [Esther 9:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.1/) - next →: [Esther 9:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.3/) - ↑ back to [Esther 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/9/)