--- title: Esther 9:30 — And he sent letters unto all the Jews, to the hundred twenty and sev… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he sent letters unto all the Jews, to the hundred twenty and seven provinces of the kingdom of Ahasuerus, with words of peace and truth, Who acts: Esther. Esther 9:30 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/9/) / 9:30 # Esther 9:30 אֶסְתֵּר **Who acts:** Esther · **What happens:** send, word · **To what, where:** letters, twenty provinces, peace This is Esther 9:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Esther — and what happens in the verse to letters, twenty provinces, peace, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח סְפָרִ֜ים אֶל־כָּל־הַיְּהוּדִ֗ים אֶל־שֶׁ֨בַע וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּמֵאָה֙ מְדִינָ֔ה מַלְכ֖וּת אֲחַשְׁוֵר֑וֹשׁ דִּבְרֵ֥י שָׁל֖וֹם וֶאֱמֶֽת׃ [And he sent letters unto all the Jews, to the hundred twenty and seven provinces of the kingdom of Ahasuerus, with words of peace and truth,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.177/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EST:161 # text = וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח סְפָרִ֜ים אֶל־כָּל־הַיְּהוּדִ֗ים אֶל־שֶׁ֨בַע וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּמֵאָה֙ מְדִינָ֔ה מַלְכ֖וּת אֲחַשְׁוֵר֑וֹשׁ דִּבְרֵ֥י שָׁל֖וֹם וֶאֱמֶֽת׃ # verse = EST.9.30 1-2 וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:30!1|MId=o170090300011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁלַ֨ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=EST_9:30!1|MId=o170090300012|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:170090290062;A1:170090300021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 סְפָרִ֜ים סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=letters|Ref=EST_9:30!2|MId=o170090300021|Strong=5612 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_9:30!3|MId=o170090300031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EST_9:30!4|MId=o170090300041|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הַיְּהוּדִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EST_9:30!5|MId=o170090300051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 יְּהוּדִ֗ים יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Jews|Ref=EST_9:30!5|MId=o170090300052|Strong=3064|Type=gentilic 8 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EST_9:30!6|MId=o170090300061|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 9 שֶׁ֨בַע שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=EST_9:30!7|MId=o170090300071|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 10-11 וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:30!8|MId=o170090300081|Strong=2050b 11 עֶשְׂרִ֤ים עֶשְׂרִים NUM _ Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=twenty|Ref=EST_9:30!8|MId=o170090300082|Strong=6242|Type=cardinal_number 12-13 וּמֵאָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:30!9|MId=o170090300091|Strong=2050b 13 מֵאָה֙ מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=one.hundred|Ref=EST_9:30!9|MId=o170090300092|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 14 מְדִינָ֔ה מְדִינָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=province[s]|Ref=EST_9:30!10|MId=o170090300101|Strong=4082 15 מַלְכ֖וּת מַלְכוּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 appos _ Gloss=the.kingdom|Ref=EST_9:30!11|MId=o170090300111|Strong=4438 16 אֲחַשְׁוֵר֑וֹשׁ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ahasuerus|Ref=EST_9:30!12|MId=o170090300121|Strong=0325 17 דִּבְרֵ֥י דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 appos _ Gloss=words|Ref=EST_9:30!13|MId=o170090300131|Strong=1697 18 שָׁל֖וֹם שָׁלוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.peace|Ref=EST_9:30!14|MId=o170090300141|Strong=7965 19-20 וֶאֱמֶֽת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וֶ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EST_9:30!15|MId=o170090300151|Strong=2050b 20 אֱמֶֽת אֱמֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=truth|Ref=EST_9:30!15|MId=o170090300152|Strong=0571 21 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=EST_9:30!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁלַח *he sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | | סְפָרִים *letters* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וּשְׁדַר פִּטְקִין לְוַת כָּל יְהוּדָאִין לִמְאָה וְעַסְרִין וּשְׁבַע פִּילְכִין מַלְכוּת אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ פִּתְגָמֵי שְׁלָמָא וְהֵימְנוּתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he sent letters unto all the Jews, to the hundred twenty and seven provinces of the kingdom of Ahasuerus, with words of peace and truth,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.177/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EST:161`. - ← previous: [Esther 9:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.29/) - next →: [Esther 9:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.31/) - ↑ back to [Esther 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/9/)