--- title: Ezra 10:13 — But the people are many, and it is a time of much rain, and we are n… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But the people are many, and it is a time of much rain, and we are not able to stand without, neither is this a work of one day or two; for we have greatly transgressed in this matter. Who acts: people, voice, we, this. Ezra 10:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.10.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/10/) / 10:13 # Ezra 10:13 עֶזְרָא **Who acts:** people, voice, we, this · **What happens:** be, not be, stand, transgress · **To what, where:** time, work, matter This is Ezra 10:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, voice, we, this — and what happens in the verse to time, work, matter, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֲבָ֞ל הָעָ֥ם רָב֙ וְהָעֵ֣ת גְּשָׁמִ֔ים וְאֵ֥ין כֹּ֖חַ לַעֲמ֣וֹד בַּח֑וּץ וְהַמְּלָאכָ֗ה לֹֽא־לְי֤וֹם אֶחָד֙ וְלֹ֣א לִשְׁנַ֔יִם כִּֽי־הִרְבִּ֥ינוּ לִפְשֹׁ֖עַ בַּדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃ [But the people are many, and it is a time of much rain, and we are not able to stand without, neither is this a work of one day or two; for we have greatly transgressed in this matter.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.254/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZR:181 # text = אֲבָ֞ל הָעָ֥ם רָב֙ וְהָעֵ֣ת גְּשָׁמִ֔ים וְאֵ֥ין כֹּ֖חַ לַעֲמ֣וֹד בַּח֑וּץ וְהַמְּלָאכָ֗ה לֹֽא־לְי֤וֹם אֶחָד֙ וְלֹ֣א לִשְׁנַ֔יִם כִּֽי־הִרְבִּ֥ינוּ לִפְשֹׁ֖עַ בַּדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃ # verse = EZR.10.13 1 אֲבָ֞ל אֲבָל ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=but|Ref=EZR_10:13!1|MId=o150100130011|Strong=0061 2-3 הָעָ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_10:13!2|MId=o150100130021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 עָ֥ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=EZR_10:13!2|MId=o150100130022|Strong=5971 4 רָב֙ רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[is].numerous|Ref=EZR_10:13!3|MId=o150100130031|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 5-7 וְהָעֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_10:13!4|MId=o150100130041|Strong=2050b 6 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_10:13!4|MId=o150100130042|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 עֵ֣ת עֵת NOUN _ Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ Gloss=time|Ref=EZR_10:13!4|MId=o150100130043|Strong=6256 8 גְּשָׁמִ֔ים גֶּשֶׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=[is].rains|Ref=EZR_10:13!5|MId=o150100130051|Strong=1653 9-10 וְאֵ֥ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_10:13!6|MId=o150100130061|Strong=2050b 10 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 4 conj _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=EZR_10:13!6|MId=o150100130062|Strong=0369|Type=negative 11 כֹּ֖חַ כֹּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=ability|Ref=EZR_10:13!7|MId=o150100130071|Strong=3581 12-13 לַעֲמ֣וֹד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZR_10:13!8|MId=o150100130081|Strong=3807a 13 עֲמ֣וֹד עָמַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 10 advcl _ Gloss=stand|Ref=EZR_10:13!8|MId=o150100130082|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:150100130022;|Type=infinitive_construct 14-16 בַּח֑וּץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZR_10:13!9|MId=o150100130091|Strong=0871a 15 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_10:13!9|MId=o150100130091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 ח֑וּץ חוּץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=outside|Ref=EZR_10:13!9|MId=o150100130092|Strong=2351 17-19 וְהַמְּלָאכָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_10:13!10|MId=o150100130101|Strong=2050b 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_10:13!10|MId=o150100130102|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 מְּלָאכָ֗ה מְלָאכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=business|Ref=EZR_10:13!10|MId=o150100130103|Strong=4399 20 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZR_10:13!11|MId=o150100130111|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 לְי֤וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=EZR_10:13!12|MId=o150100130121|Strong=3807a 22 י֤וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=a.day|Ref=EZR_10:13!12|MId=o150100130122|Strong=3117 23 אֶחָד֙ אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=EZR_10:13!13|MId=o150100130131|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 24-25 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_10:13!14|MId=o150100130141|Strong=2050b 25 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 27 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EZR_10:13!14|MId=o150100130142|Strong=3808|Type=negative 26-27 לִשְׁנַ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=EZR_10:13!15|MId=o150100130151|Strong=3807a 27 שְׁנַ֔יִם שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 22 conj _ Gloss=two.[days]|Ref=EZR_10:13!15|MId=o150100130152|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 28 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 29 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EZR_10:13!16|MId=o150100130161|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 29 הִרְבִּ֥ינוּ רָבָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=1 4 advcl _ Gloss=we.have.increased|Ref=EZR_10:13!17|MId=o150100130171|Strong=7235|Frame=A0:150100130022;|Type=qatal 30-31 לִפְשֹׁ֖עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZR_10:13!18|MId=o150100130181|Strong=3807a 31 פְשֹׁ֖עַ פָּשַׁע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 29 advcl _ Gloss=transgress|Ref=EZR_10:13!18|MId=o150100130182|Strong=6586|Frame=A0:150100130022;|Type=infinitive_construct 32-34 בַּדָּבָ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZR_10:13!19|MId=o150100130191|Strong=0871a 33 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_10:13!19|MId=o150100130191ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 דָּבָ֥ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=matter|Ref=EZR_10:13!19|MId=o150100130192|Strong=1697 35-36 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZR_10:13!20|MId=o150100130201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EZR_10:13!20|MId=o150100130202|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=EZR_10:13!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֲמוֹד *stand* | infinitive construct · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | הִרְבִּינוּ *we have increased* | qatal · hiphil | עָם *people* | | | | | פְשֹׁעַ *transgress* | infinitive construct · qal | עָם *people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But the people are many, and it is a time of much rain, and we are not able to stand without, neither is this a work of one day or two; for we have greatly transgressed in this matter.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.254/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZR:181`. - ← previous: [Ezra 10:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.10.12/) - next →: [Ezra 10:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.10.14/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/10/)