--- title: Ezra 10:15 — Only Jonathan the son of Asahel and Jahzeiah the son of Tikvah stood… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Only Jonathan the son of Asahel and Jahzeiah the son of Tikvah stood up against this matter; and Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite helped them. Who acts: Jonathan, Meshullam. Ezra 10:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.10.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/10/) / 10:15 # Ezra 10:15 עֶזְרָא **Who acts:** Jonathan, Meshullam · **What happens:** stand up, help · **To what, where:** matter, Jonathan This is Ezra 10:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jonathan, Meshullam — and what happens in the verse to matter, Jonathan, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אַ֣ךְ יוֹנָתָ֧ן בֶּן־עֲשָׂהאֵ֛ל וְיַחְזְיָ֥ה בֶן־תִּקְוָ֖ה עָמְד֣וּ עַל־זֹ֑את וּמְשֻׁלָּ֛ם וְשַׁבְּתַ֥י הַלֵּוִ֖י עֲזָרֻֽם׃ [Only Jonathan the son of Asahel and Jahzeiah the son of Tikvah stood up against this matter; and Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite helped them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.256/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZR:183 # text = אַ֣ךְ יוֹנָתָ֧ן בֶּן־עֲשָׂהאֵ֛ל וְיַחְזְיָ֥ה בֶן־תִּקְוָ֖ה עָמְד֣וּ עַל־זֹ֑את וּמְשֻׁלָּ֛ם וְשַׁבְּתַ֥י הַלֵּוִ֖י עֲזָרֻֽם׃ # verse = EZR.10.15 1 אַ֣ךְ אַךְ ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=only|Ref=EZR_10:15!1|MId=o150100150011|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation 2 יוֹנָתָ֧ן יוֹנָתָן PROPN _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Jonathan|Ref=EZR_10:15!2|MId=o150100150021|Strong=3129 3 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=EZR_10:15!3|MId=o150100150031|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 4 עֲשָׂהאֵ֛ל עֲשָׂהאֵל PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Asahel|Ref=EZR_10:15!4|MId=o150100150041|Strong=6214 5-6 וְיַחְזְיָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_10:15!5|MId=o150100150051|Strong=2050b 6 יַחְזְיָ֥ה יַחְזְיָה PROPN _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=Jahzeiah|Ref=EZR_10:15!5|MId=o150100150052|Strong=3167 7 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=EZR_10:15!6|MId=o150100150061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 8 תִּקְוָ֖ה תִּקְוָה PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Tikvah|Ref=EZR_10:15!7|MId=o150100150071|Strong=8616 9 עָמְד֣וּ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.stood|Ref=EZR_10:15!8|MId=o150100150081|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:150100150021;150100150052;|Type=qatal 10 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZR_10:15!9|MId=o150100150091|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 11 זֹ֑את זֹאת PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 9 obl _ Gloss=this|Ref=EZR_10:15!10|MId=o150100150101|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 12-13 וּמְשֻׁלָּ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_10:15!11|MId=o150100150111|Strong=2050b 13 מְשֻׁלָּ֛ם מְשֻׁלָּם PROPN _ _ 18 nsubj _ Gloss=Meshullam|Ref=EZR_10:15!11|MId=o150100150112|Strong=4918 14-15 וְשַׁבְּתַ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_10:15!12|MId=o150100150121|Strong=2050b 15 שַׁבְּתַ֥י שַׁבְּתַי PROPN _ _ 13 conj _ Gloss=Shabbethai|Ref=EZR_10:15!12|MId=o150100150122|Strong=7678 16-17 הַלֵּוִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_10:15!13|MId=o150100150131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 לֵּוִ֖י לֵוִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=Levite|Ref=EZR_10:15!13|MId=o150100150132|Strong=3881|Type=gentilic 18-19 עֲזָרֻֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 עֲזָרֻֽ עָזַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=EZR_10:15!14|MId=o150100150141|Strong=5826|Frame=A0:150100150112;150100150122;A1:150100150142;|Type=qatal 19 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ Gloss=supported.them|Ref=EZR_10:15!14|MId=o150100150142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=EZR_10:15!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָמְדוּ *they stood* | qatal · qal | יוֹנָתָן *Jonathan* + יַחְזְיָה *Jahzeiah* | | | | | עֲזָרֻֽ *they* | qatal · qal | מְשֻׁלָּם *Meshullam* + שַׁבְּתַי *Shabbethai* | ם *supported them* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Only Jonathan the son of Asahel and Jahzeiah the son of Tikvah stood up against this matter; and Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite helped them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.256/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZR:183`. - ← previous: [Ezra 10:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.10.14/) - next →: [Ezra 10:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.10.16/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/10/)