--- title: Ezra 10:44 — All these had taken foreign wives; and some of them had wives by who… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: All these had taken foreign wives; and some of them had wives by whom they had children. Who acts: these, some, wives. Ezra 10:44 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.10.44/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/10/) / 10:44 # Ezra 10:44 עֶזְרָא **Who acts:** these, some, wives · **What happens:** take, have · **To what, where:** foreign wives, wives, children This is Ezra 10:44 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — these, some, wives — and what happens in the verse to foreign wives, wives, children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כָּל־אֵ֕לֶּה נָשְׂא֖וּנָשִׁ֣ים נָכְרִיּ֑וֹת וְיֵ֣שׁ מֵהֶ֣ם נָשִׁ֔ים וַיָּשִׂ֖ימוּ בָּנִֽים׃פ [All these had taken foreign wives; and some of them had wives by whom they had children.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.286/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZR:212 # text = כָּל־אֵ֕לֶּה נָשְׂא֖וּנָשִׁ֣ים נָכְרִיּ֑וֹת וְיֵ֣שׁ מֵהֶ֣ם נָשִׁ֔ים וַיָּשִׂ֖ימוּ בָּנִֽים׃פ # verse = EZR.10.44 1 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZR_10:44!1|MId=o150100440011|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 2 אֵ֕לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 1 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=EZR_10:44!2|MId=o150100440021|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 3-4 נָשְׂא֖וּנָשִׁ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 נָשְׂא֖וּ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.had.taken|Ref=EZR_10:44!4|MId=o150100440041|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:150100440011;A1:150100440051;|Type=qatal 4 נָשִׁ֣ים אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 3 obj _ Gloss=women|Ref=EZR_10:44!5|MId=o150100440051|Strong=0802 5 נָכְרִיּ֑וֹת נׇכְרִי ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 amod _ Gloss=foreign|Ref=EZR_10:44!6|MId=o150100440061|Strong=5237|Type=adjective 6-7 וְיֵ֣שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_10:44!7|MId=o150100440071|Strong=2050b 7 יֵ֣שׁ יֵשׁ ADV _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=there.[were]|Ref=EZR_10:44!7|MId=o150100440072|Strong=3426|Type=demonstrative 8-9 מֵהֶ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=some|Ref=EZR_10:44!8|MId=o150100440081|Strong=4480 9 הֶ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=EZR_10:44!8|MId=o150100440082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 10 נָשִׁ֔ים אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=wives|Ref=EZR_10:44!9|MId=o150100440091|Strong=0802 11-12 וַיָּשִׂ֖ימוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_10:44!10|MId=o150100440101|Strong=2050b 12 יָּשִׂ֖ימוּ שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.[masc].had.made|Ref=EZR_10:44!10|MId=o150100440102|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:150100440091;A1:150100440111;|Type=wayyiqtol 13 בָּנִֽים בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 obj _ Gloss=children|Ref=EZR_10:44!11|MId=o150100440111|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 14 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 13 punct _ Ref=EZR_10:44!11|SpaceAfter=No 15 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 13 punct _ Ref=EZR_10:44!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָשְׂאוּ *they had taken* | qatal · qal | כָּל־ *all* | נָשִׁים *women* | | | | יָּשִׂימוּ *they \[masc\] had made* | wayyiqtol · qal | נָשִׁים *wives* | בָּנִֽים *children* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [All these had taken foreign wives; and some of them had wives by whom they had children.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.286/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZR:212`. - ← previous: [Ezra 10:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.10.43/) - next →: [Nehemiah 1:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.1.1/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/10/)