--- title: Ezra 4:15 — that search may be made in the book of the records of thy fathers; s… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: that search may be made in the book of the records of thy fathers; so shalt thou find in the book of the records, and know that this city is a rebellious city, and hurtful unto kings and provinces, and that they have moved sedition within the same of old time; for which cause was this city laid wast --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/4/) / 4:15 # Ezra 4:15 עֶזְרָא **Who acts:** thou, city, provinces · **What happens:** make, find, know, be, move, lay · **To what, where:** search, book, rebellious city, sedition, city, fathers · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezra 4:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, city, provinces — and what happens in the verse to search, book, rebellious city, sedition, city, fathers, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. דִּ֡י יְבַקַּר֩ בִּֽסְפַר־דָּכְרָ֨נַיָּ֜א דִּ֣י אֲבָהָתָ֗ךְ וּ֠תְהַשְׁכַּח בִּסְפַ֣ר דָּכְרָנַיָּא֮ וְתִנְדַּע֒ דִּי֩ קִרְיְתָ֨א דָ֜ךְ קִרְיָ֣א מָֽרָדָ֗א וּֽמְהַנְזְקַ֤ת מַלְכִין֙ וּמְדִנָ֔ן וְאֶשְׁתַּדּוּר֙ עָבְדִ֣ין בְּגַוַּ֔הּ מִן־יוֹמָ֖ת עָלְמָ֑א עַ֨ל־דְּנָ֔ה קִרְיְתָ֥א דָ֖ךְ הָֽחָרְבַֽת׃ [that search may be made in the book of the records of thy fathers; so shalt thou find in the book of the records, and know that this city is a rebellious city, and hurtful unto kings and provinces, and that they have moved sedition within the same of old time; for which cause was this city laid waste.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.110/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:EZR:7 # text = דִּ֡י יְבַקַּר֩ בִּֽסְפַר־דָּכְרָ֨נַיָּ֜א דִּ֣י אֲבָהָתָ֗ךְ וּ֠תְהַשְׁכַּח בִּסְפַ֣ר דָּכְרָנַיָּא֮ וְתִנְדַּע֒ דִּי֩ קִרְיְתָ֨א דָ֜ךְ קִרְיָ֣א מָֽרָדָ֗א וּֽמְהַנְזְקַ֤ת מַלְכִין֙ וּמְדִנָ֔ן וְאֶשְׁתַּדּוּר֙ עָבְדִ֣ין בְּגַוַּ֔הּ מִן־יוֹמָ֖ת עָלְמָ֑א עַ֨ל־דְּנָ֔ה קִרְיְתָ֥א דָ֖ךְ הָֽחָרְבַֽת׃ # verse = EZR.4.15 1 דִּ֡י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=EZR_4:15!1|MId=o150040150011|Strong=1768|Lang=arc 2 יְבַקַּר֩ בְּקַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.search|Ref=EZR_4:15!2|MId=o150040150021|Strong=1240|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:150040140182;|Type=yiqtol 3-4 בִּֽסְפַר־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בִּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZR_4:15!3|MId=o150040150031|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 4 סְפַר־ סְפַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.book|Ref=EZR_4:15!3|MId=o150040150032|Strong=5609|Lang=arc 5-6 דָּכְרָ֨נַיָּ֜א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 דָּכְרָ֨נַיּ דָּכְרָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZR_4:15!4|MId=o150040150041|Strong=1799a|Lang=arc 6 ָ֜א א DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the.records|Ref=EZR_4:15!4|MId=o150040150042|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 7 דִּ֣י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 8 mark _ Gloss=(diy).of|Ref=EZR_4:15!5|MId=o150040150051|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative 8-9 אֲבָהָתָ֗ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אֲבָהָת אַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=fathers|Ref=EZR_4:15!6|MId=o150040150061|Strong=0002|Lang=arc 9 ָ֗ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZR_4:15!6|MId=o150040150062|Strong=3509e|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 10-11 וּ֠תְהַשְׁכַּח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:15!7|MId=o150040150071|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 11 תְהַשְׁכַּח שְׁכַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HAPHEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.find|Ref=EZR_4:15!7|MId=o150040150072|Strong=7912|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:150040140182;|Type=yiqtol 12-13 בִּסְפַ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZR_4:15!8|MId=o150040150081|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 13 סְפַ֣ר סְפַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the.book|Ref=EZR_4:15!8|MId=o150040150082|Strong=5609|Lang=arc 14-15 דָּכְרָנַיָּא֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 דָּכְרָנַיּ דָּכְרָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZR_4:15!9|MId=o150040150091|Strong=1799a|Lang=arc 15 ָא֮ א DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the.records|Ref=EZR_4:15!9|MId=o150040150092|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 16-17 וְתִנְדַּע֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:15!10|MId=o150040150101|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 17 תִנְדַּע֒ יְדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.know|Ref=EZR_4:15!10|MId=o150040150102|Strong=3046|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:150040140182;A1:150040150141;|Type=yiqtol 18 דִּי֩ דִּי SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=(diy).that|Ref=EZR_4:15!11|MId=o150040150111|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative 19-20 קִרְיְתָ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 קִרְיְת קִרְיָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_4:15!12|MId=o150040150121|Strong=7149|Lang=arc 20 ָ֨א א DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=city|Ref=EZR_4:15!12|MId=o150040150122|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 21 דָ֜ךְ דֵּךְ DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 19 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EZR_4:15!13|MId=o150040150131|Strong=1791|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 22 קִרְיָ֣א קִרְיָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[is].a.city|Ref=EZR_4:15!14|MId=o150040150141|Strong=7149|Lang=arc 23 מָֽרָדָ֗א מָרָד ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 amod _ Gloss=rebellious|Ref=EZR_4:15!15|MId=o150040150151|Strong=4779|Lang=arc|Type=adjective 24-25 וּֽמְהַנְזְקַ֤ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:15!16|MId=o150040150161|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 25 מְהַנְזְקַ֤ת נְזַק VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HAPHEL|Number=Sing 23 acl:relcl _ Gloss=injuring|Ref=EZR_4:15!16|MId=o150040150162|Strong=5142|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:150040150141;A1:150040150171;150040150182;|Type=participle_active 26 מַלְכִין֙ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 obj _ Gloss=(of).kings|Ref=EZR_4:15!17|MId=o150040150171|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 27-28 וּמְדִנָ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:15!18|MId=o150040150181|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 28 מְדִנָ֔ן מְדִינָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 26 conj _ Gloss=provinces|Ref=EZR_4:15!18|MId=o150040150182|Strong=4083|Lang=arc 29-30 וְאֶשְׁתַּדּוּר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:15!19|MId=o150040150191|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 30 אֶשְׁתַּדּוּר֙ אֶשְׁתַּדּוּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obj _ Gloss=a.revolt|Ref=EZR_4:15!19|MId=o150040150192|Strong=0849|Lang=arc 31 עָבְדִ֣ין עֲבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing 23 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[it.was].making|Ref=EZR_4:15!20|MId=o150040150201|Strong=5648|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:150040150141;A1:150040150192;|Type=participle_active 32-34 בְּגַוַּ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZR_4:15!21|MId=o150040150211|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 33 גַוּ גֹּוא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=midst|Ref=EZR_4:15!21|MId=o150040150212|Strong=1459|Lang=arc 34 ַ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=EZR_4:15!21|MId=o150040150213|Strong=1886i|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 35 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZR_4:15!22|MId=o150040150221|Strong=4481|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 36 יוֹמָ֖ת יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 obl _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=EZR_4:15!23|MId=o150040150231|Strong=3118|Lang=arc 37-38 עָלְמָ֑א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 עָלְמ עָלַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=EZR_4:15!24|MId=o150040150241|Strong=5957|Lang=arc 38 ָ֑א א DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=antiquity|Ref=EZR_4:15!24|MId=o150040150242|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 39 עַ֨ל־ עַל ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EZR_4:15!25|MId=o150040150251|Strong=5922|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 40 דְּנָ֔ה דְּנָה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 44 obl _ Gloss=this|Ref=EZR_4:15!26|MId=o150040150261|Strong=1836|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 41-42 קִרְיְתָ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 קִרְיְת קִרְיָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 44 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_4:15!27|MId=o150040150271|Strong=7149|Lang=arc 42 ָ֥א א DET _ PronType=Art 41 det _ Gloss=city|Ref=EZR_4:15!27|MId=o150040150272|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 43 דָ֖ךְ דֵּךְ DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 41 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EZR_4:15!28|MId=o150040150281|Strong=1791|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 44 הָֽחָרְבַֽת חֲרַב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.was.laid.waste|Ref=EZR_4:15!29|MId=o150040150291|Strong=2718|Lang=arc|Frame=A1:150040150271;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 45 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 44 punct _ Ref=EZR_4:15!29 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְבַקַּר *he will search* | yiqtol · pael | | | | | | תְהַשְׁכַּח *you will find* | yiqtol · haphel | | | | | | תִנְדַּע *you will know* | yiqtol · peal | | קִרְיָא *\[is\] a city* | | | | מְהַנְזְקַת *injuring* | participle active · haphel | קִרְיָא *\[is\] a city* | מַלְכִין *(of) kings* + מְדִנָן *provinces* | | | | עָבְדִין *\[it was\] making* | participle active · peal | קִרְיָא *\[is\] a city* | אֶשְׁתַּדּוּר *a revolt* | | | | הָֽחָרְבַֽת *it was laid waste* | qatal · hophal | | קִרְיְת *the* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [that search may be made in the book of the records of thy fathers; so shalt thou find in the book of the records, and know that this city is a rebellious city, and hurtful unto kings and provinces, and that they have moved sedition within the same of old time; for which cause was this city laid waste.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.110/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:EZR:7`. - ← previous: [Ezra 4:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.14/) - next →: [Ezra 4:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.16/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/4/)