--- title: Ezra 4:2 — then they drew near to Zerubbabel, and to the heads of fathers' hous… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: then they drew near to Zerubbabel, and to the heads of fathers' houses, and said unto them: 'Let us build with you; for we seek your God, as ye do; and we do sacrifice unto Him since the days of Esarhaddon king of Assyria, who brought us up hither.' Who acts: children, us, we, king. Ezra 4:2 in Hebr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/4/) / 4:2 # Ezra 4:2 עֶזְרָא **Who acts:** children, us, we, king · **What happens:** draw, say, let, build, seek, sacrifice · **To what, where:** Zerubbabel, us, God · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ezra 4:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, us, we, king — and what happens in the verse to Zerubbabel, us, God, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּגְּשׁ֨וּ אֶל־זְרֻבָּבֶ֜ל וְאֶל־רָאשֵׁ֣י הָֽאָב֗וֹת וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ לָהֶם֙ נִבְנֶ֣ה עִמָּכֶ֔ם כִּ֣י כָכֶ֔ם נִדְר֖וֹשׁ לֵֽאלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם וְל֣וֹ ׀ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ זֹבְחִ֗ים מִימֵי֙ אֵסַ֤ר חַדֹּן֙ אֵסַ֤ר חַדֹּן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר הַמַּעֲלֶ֥ה אֹתָ֖נוּ פֹּֽה׃ [then they drew near to Zerubbabel, and to the heads of fathers' houses, and said unto them: 'Let us build with you; for we seek your God, as ye do; and we do sacrifice unto Him since the days of Esarhaddon king of Assyria, who brought us up hither.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.97/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZR:95 # text = וַיִּגְּשׁ֨וּ אֶל־זְרֻבָּבֶ֜ל וְאֶל־רָאשֵׁ֣י הָֽאָב֗וֹת וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ לָהֶם֙ נִבְנֶ֣ה עִמָּכֶ֔ם כִּ֣י כָכֶ֔ם נִדְר֖וֹשׁ לֵֽאלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם וְל֣וֹ ׀ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ זֹבְחִ֗ים מִימֵי֙ אֵסַ֤ר חַדֹּן֙ אֵסַ֤ר חַדֹּן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר הַמַּעֲלֶ֥ה אֹתָ֖נוּ פֹּֽה׃ # verse = EZR.4.2 1-2 וַיִּגְּשׁ֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:2!1|MId=o150040020011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּגְּשׁ֨וּ נָגַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.approached|Ref=EZR_4:2!1|MId=o150040020012|Strong=5066|Frame=A0:150040010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=EZR_4:2!2|MId=o150040020021|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 4 זְרֻבָּבֶ֜ל זְרֻבָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Zerubbabel|Ref=EZR_4:2!3|MId=o150040020031|Strong=2216 5-6 וְאֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:2!4|MId=o150040020041|Strong=2050b 6 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=EZR_4:2!4|MId=o150040020042|Strong=0413 7 רָאשֵׁ֣י רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=the.heads|Ref=EZR_4:2!5|MId=o150040020051|Strong=7218 8-9 הָֽאָב֗וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZR_4:2!6|MId=o150040020061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אָב֗וֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.fathers|Ref=EZR_4:2!6|MId=o150040020062|Strong=0001 10-11 וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:2!7|MId=o150040020071|Strong=2050b 11 יֹּאמְר֤וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=EZR_4:2!7|MId=o150040020072|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:150040010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 12-13 לָהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 ל לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZR_4:2!8|MId=o150040020081|Strong=3807a 13 ָהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EZR_4:2!8|MId=o150040020082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 14 נִבְנֶ֣ה בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 11 ccomp _ Gloss=let.us.build|Ref=EZR_4:2!9|MId=o150040020091|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:150040010021;A1:150040010091;|Type=yiqtol 15-16 עִמָּכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EZR_4:2!10|MId=o150040020101|Strong=5973 16 ָכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZR_4:2!10|MId=o150040020102|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 17 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EZR_4:2!11|MId=o150040020111|Strong=3588 18-19 כָכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 כ כְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=EZR_4:2!12|MId=o150040020121|Strong=3509a 19 ָכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EZR_4:2!12|MId=o150040020122|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 20 נִדְר֖וֹשׁ דָּרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 14 advcl _ Gloss=we.seek|Ref=EZR_4:2!13|MId=o150040020131|Strong=1875|Frame=A0:150040010021;|Type=yiqtol 21-23 לֵֽאלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לֵֽ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=EZR_4:2!14|MId=o150040020141|Strong=3807a 22 אלֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 obl _ Gloss=God|Ref=EZR_4:2!14|MId=o150040020142|Strong=0430 23 כֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EZR_4:2!14|MId=o150040020143|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 24-26 וְל֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:2!16|MId=o150040020161|Strong=2050b 25 ל לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZR_4:2!16|MId=o150040020162|Strong=3807a 26 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=EZR_4:2!16|MId=o150040020163|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=EZR_4:2!16 28 אֲנַ֣חְנוּ אֲנַחְנוּ PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=EZR_4:2!17|MId=o150040020171|Strong=0587|Type=personal 29 זֹבְחִ֗ים זָבַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 14 conj _ Gloss=[have.been].sacrificing|Ref=EZR_4:2!18|MId=o150040020181|Strong=2076|Frame=A0:150040020171;|Type=participle_active 30-31 מִימֵי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=since|Ref=EZR_4:2!19|MId=o150040020191|Strong=4480 31 ימֵי֙ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 obl _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=EZR_4:2!19|MId=o150040020192|Strong=3117 32 אֵסַ֤ר אֵסַר PROPN _ _ 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZR_4:2!20|MId=o150040020201 33 חַדֹּן֙ חַדֹּן PROPN _ _ 32 flat:name _ Ref=EZR_4:2!20 34 אֵסַ֤ר אֵסַרחַדּוֹן PROPN _ _ 32 appos _ Gloss=Esarhaddon|Ref=EZR_4:2!21|MId=o150040020211 35 חַדֹּן֙ _ PROPN _ _ 34 flat:name _ Ref=EZR_4:2!21 36 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EZR_4:2!22|MId=o150040020221|Strong=4428 37 אַשּׁ֔וּר אַשּׁוּר PROPN _ _ 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Assyria|Ref=EZR_4:2!23|MId=o150040020231|Strong=0804 38-39 הַמַּעֲלֶ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 39 mark _ Gloss=[who].brought|Ref=EZR_4:2!24|MId=o150040020241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 מַּעֲלֶ֥ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 32 appos _ Gloss=up|Ref=EZR_4:2!24|MId=o150040020242|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:150040020201;A0:150040020242;|Type=participle_active 40-41 אֹתָ֖נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EZR_4:2!25|MId=o150040020251|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 41 ָ֖נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 39 obj _ Gloss=us|Ref=EZR_4:2!25|MId=o150040020252|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 42 פֹּֽה פֹּה ADV _ _ 39 advmod _ Gloss=here|Ref=EZR_4:2!26|MId=o150040020261|Strong=6311|SpaceAfter=No 43 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 42 punct _ Ref=EZR_4:2!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּגְּשׁוּ *they approached* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | נִבְנֶה *let us build* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | נִדְרוֹשׁ *we seek* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | זֹבְחִים *\[have been\] sacrificing* | participle active · qal | אֲנַחְנוּ *we* | | | | | מַּעֲלֶה *up* | participle active · hiphil | מַּעֲלֶה *up* | | | אֵסַר *of* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [then they drew near to Zerubbabel, and to the heads of fathers' houses, and said unto them: 'Let us build with you; for we seek your God, as ye do; and we do sacrifice unto Him since the days of Esarhaddon king of Assyria, who brought us up hither.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.97/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZR:95`. - ← previous: [Ezra 4:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.1/) - next →: [Ezra 4:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.3/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/4/)