--- title: Ezra 4:7 — And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of his companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the writing of the letter was written in the Aramaic character, and set forth in the Aramaic tongue. Ezra 4:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/4/) / 4:7 # Ezra 4:7 עֶזְרָא **What happens:** write, set · **To what, where:** Bishlam, writing, Aramaic character, Aramaic tongue, letter This is Ezra 4:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to Bishlam, writing, Aramaic character, Aramaic tongue, letter, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּבִימֵ֣י אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֗שְׂתָּא כָּתַ֨ב בִּשְׁלָ֜ם מִתְרְדָ֤ת טָֽבְאֵל֙ וּשְׁאָ֣ר כְּנָוֺתָ֔יו עַל־אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּ מֶ֣לֶךְ פָּרָ֑ס וּכְתָב֙הַֽנִּשְׁתְּוָ֔ן כָּת֥וּב אֲרָמִ֖ית וּמְתֻרְגָּ֥ם אֲרָמִֽית׃פ [And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of his companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the writing of the letter was written in the Aramaic character, and set forth in the Aramaic tongue.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.102/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZR:100 # text = וּבִימֵ֣י אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֗שְׂתָּא כָּתַ֨ב בִּשְׁלָ֜ם מִתְרְדָ֤ת טָֽבְאֵל֙ וּשְׁאָ֣ר כְּנָוֺתָ֔יו עַל־אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּ מֶ֣לֶךְ פָּרָ֑ס וּכְתָב֙הַֽנִּשְׁתְּוָ֔ן כָּת֥וּב אֲרָמִ֖ית וּמְתֻרְגָּ֥ם אֲרָמִֽית׃פ # verse = EZR.4.7 1-3 וּבִימֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:7!1|MId=o150040070011|Strong=2050b 2 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZR_4:7!1|MId=o150040070012|Strong=0871a 3 ימֵ֣י יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obl _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=EZR_4:7!1|MId=o150040070013|Strong=3117 4 אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֗שְׂתָּא אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Artaxerxes|Ref=EZR_4:7!2|MId=o150040070021|Strong=0783 5 כָּתַ֨ב כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.wrote|Ref=EZR_4:7!3|MId=o150040070031|Strong=3789|Frame=A0:150040070041;150040070051;150040070061;150040070072;A1:150040070162;|Type=qatal 6 בִּשְׁלָ֜ם בִּשְׁלָם PROPN _ _ 5 nsubj _ Gloss=Bishlam|Ref=EZR_4:7!4|MId=o150040070041|Strong=1312 7 מִתְרְדָ֤ת מִתְרְדָת PROPN _ _ 6 conj _ Gloss=Mithredath|Ref=EZR_4:7!5|MId=o150040070051|Strong=4990 8 טָֽבְאֵל֙ טָבְאֵל PROPN _ _ 6 conj _ Gloss=Tabeel|Ref=EZR_4:7!6|MId=o150040070061|Strong=2870 9-10 וּשְׁאָ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:7!7|MId=o150040070071|Strong=2050b 10 שְׁאָ֣ר שְׁאָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=the.rest|Ref=EZR_4:7!7|MId=o150040070072|Strong=7605 11-12 כְּנָוֺתָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 כְּנָוֺתָ֔י כְּנָת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.associates|Ref=EZR_4:7!9|MId=o150040070091|Strong=3674 12 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EZR_4:7!9|MId=o150040070092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZR_4:7!10|MId=o150040070101|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 14 אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּ אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Artaxerxes|Ref=EZR_4:7!12|MId=o150040070121|Strong=0783 15 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EZR_4:7!13|MId=o150040070131|Strong=4428 16 פָּרָ֑ס פָּרַס PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Persia|Ref=EZR_4:7!14|MId=o150040070141|Strong=6539 17-20 וּכְתָב֙הַֽנִּשְׁתְּוָ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:7!15|MId=o150040070151|Strong=2050b 18 כְתָב֙ כְּתָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Gloss=the.writing|Ref=EZR_4:7!15|MId=o150040070152|Strong=3791 19 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZR_4:7!16|MId=o150040070161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 נִּשְׁתְּוָ֔ן נִשְׁתְּוָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.letter|Ref=EZR_4:7!16|MId=o150040070162|Strong=5406 21 כָּת֥וּב כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=[was].written|Ref=EZR_4:7!17|MId=o150040070171|Strong=3789|Frame=A1:150040070152;|Type=participle_passive 22 אֲרָמִ֖ית אֲרָמִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=Aramaic|Ref=EZR_4:7!18|MId=o150040070181|Strong=0762|Type=gentilic 23-24 וּמְתֻרְגָּ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_4:7!19|MId=o150040070191|Strong=2050b 24 מְתֻרְגָּ֥ם תִּרְגֵּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=[it.was].translated|Ref=EZR_4:7!19|MId=o150040070192|Strong=8638|Frame=A1:150040070152;|Type=participle_passive 25 אֲרָמִֽית אֲרָמִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=Aramaic|Ref=EZR_4:7!20|MId=o150040070201|Strong=0762|Type=gentilic|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=EZR_4:7!20|SpaceAfter=No 27 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=EZR_4:7!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | כָּתַב *he wrote* | qatal · qal | בִּשְׁלָם *Bishlam* + מִתְרְדָת *Mithredath* + טָֽבְאֵל *Tabeel* + שְׁאָר *the rest* | נִּשְׁתְּוָן *the letter* | | | | כָּתוּב *\[was\] written* | participle passive · qal | | כְתָב *the writing* | | | | מְתֻרְגָּם *\[it was\] translated* | participle passive · pual | | כְתָב *the writing* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of his companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the writing of the letter was written in the Aramaic character, and set forth in the Aramaic tongue.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.102/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZR:100`. - ← previous: [Ezra 4:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.6/) - next →: [Ezra 4:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.8/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/4/)