--- title: Ezra 5:12 — But because that our fathers had provoked the God of heaven, He gave… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: But because that our fathers had provoked the God of heaven, He gave them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this house, and carried the people away into Babylon. Who acts: fathers, God, Nebuchadnezzar king. Ezra 5:12 in Biblical Aramaic with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.5.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/5/) / 5:12 # Ezra 5:12 עֶזְרָא **Who acts:** fathers, God, Nebuchadnezzar king · **What happens:** provoke, give, destroy, carry away · **To what, where:** God, fathers, hand, house, people, Babylon This is Ezra 5:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — fathers, God, Nebuchadnezzar king — and what happens in the verse to God, fathers, hand, house, people, Babylon, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָהֵ֗ן מִן־דִּ֨י הַרְגִּ֤זוּ אֲבָהֳתַ֙נָא֙ לֶאֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔א יְהַ֣ב הִמּ֔וֹ בְּיַ֛ד נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֥ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל כַּסְדָּאָ֑ה וּבַיְתָ֤ה דְנָה֙ סַתְרֵ֔הּ וְעַמָּ֖ה הַגְלִ֥י לְבָבֶֽל׃ס [But because that our fathers had provoked the God of heaven, He gave them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this house, and carried the people away into Babylon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.131/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:EZR:28 # text = לָהֵ֗ן מִן־דִּ֨י הַרְגִּ֤זוּ אֲבָהֳתַ֙נָא֙ לֶאֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔א יְהַ֣ב הִמּ֔וֹ בְּיַ֛ד נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֥ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל כַּסְדָּאָ֑ה וּבַיְתָ֤ה דְנָה֙ סַתְרֵ֔הּ וְעַמָּ֖ה הַגְלִ֥י לְבָבֶֽל׃ס # verse = EZR.5.12 1 לָהֵ֗ן לָהֵן CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=but|Ref=EZR_5:12!1|MId=o150050120011|Strong=3861a|Lang=arc 2 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 11 parataxis _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZR_5:12!2|MId=o150050120021|Strong=4481|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 3 דִּ֨י דִּי SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=EZR_5:12!3|MId=o150050120031|Strong=1768|Lang=arc|Type=relative 4 הַרְגִּ֤זוּ רְגַז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HAPHEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.enraged|Ref=EZR_5:12!4|MId=o150050120041|Strong=7265|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:150050120051;|Type=qatal 5-6 אֲבָהֳתַ֙נָא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֲבָהֳת אַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=fathers|Ref=EZR_5:12!5|MId=o150050120051|Strong=0002|Lang=arc 6 ַ֙נָא֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=EZR_5:12!5|MId=o150050120052|Strong=4996b|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 7-8 לֶאֱלָ֣הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et).the|Ref=EZR_5:12!6|MId=o150050120061|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc|Type=direct_object_marker 8 אֱלָ֣הּ אֱלָהּ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=God|Ref=EZR_5:12!6|MId=o150050120062|Strong=0426|Lang=arc 9-10 שְׁמַיָּ֔א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 שְׁמַיּ שָׁמַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZR_5:12!7|MId=o150050120071|Strong=8065|Lang=arc 10 ָ֔א א DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=EZR_5:12!7|MId=o150050120072|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 11 יְהַ֣ב יְהַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.gave|Ref=EZR_5:12!8|MId=o150050120081|Strong=3052|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:150050120062;A1:150050120091;|Type=qatal 12 הִמּ֔וֹ הִמּוֹ PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=EZR_5:12!9|MId=o150050120091|Strong=1994|Lang=arc|Type=personal 13-14 בְּיַ֛ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZR_5:12!10|MId=o150050120101|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 14 יַ֛ד יַד NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=EZR_5:12!10|MId=o150050120102|Strong=3028|Lang=arc 15 נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֥ר נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Nebuchadnezzar|Ref=EZR_5:12!11|MId=o150050120111|Strong=5020|Lang=arc 16 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EZR_5:12!12|MId=o150050120121|Strong=4430|Lang=arc|SpaceAfter=No 17 בָּבֶ֖ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=EZR_5:12!13|MId=o150050120131|Strong=0895|Lang=arc 18-19 כַּסְדָּאָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 כַּסְדָּא כַּשְׂדָּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_5:12!15|MId=o150050120151|Strong=3679|Lang=arc|Type=gentilic 19 ָ֑ה ה DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=Chaldean|Ref=EZR_5:12!15|MId=o150050120152|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 20-22 וּבַיְתָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_5:12!16|MId=o150050120161|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 21 בַיְת בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_5:12!16|MId=o150050120162|Strong=1005|Lang=arc 22 ָ֤ה ה DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=house|Ref=EZR_5:12!16|MId=o150050120163|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 23 דְנָה֙ דְּנָה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 21 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EZR_5:12!17|MId=o150050120171|Strong=1836|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 24-25 סַתְרֵ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 סַתְר סְתַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 parataxis _ Gloss=he|Ref=EZR_5:12!18|MId=o150050120181|Strong=5642a|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:150050120111;A1:150050120182;|Type=qatal 25 ֵ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ Gloss=destroyed.it|Ref=EZR_5:12!18|MId=o150050120182|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 26-28 וְעַמָּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_5:12!19|MId=o150050120191|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 27 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obj _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_5:12!19|MId=o150050120192|Strong=5972|Lang=arc 28 ָ֖ה ה DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=people|Ref=EZR_5:12!19|MId=o150050120193|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 29 הַגְלִ֥י גלה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HAPHEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 conj _ Gloss=he.took.into.exile|Ref=EZR_5:12!20|MId=o150050120201|Strong=1541|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:150050120111;A1:150050120192;|Type=qatal 30-31 לְבָבֶֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZR_5:12!21|MId=o150050120211|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 31 בָבֶֽל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 29 obl _ Gloss=Babylon|Ref=EZR_5:12!21|MId=o150050120212|Strong=0895|Lang=arc 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=EZR_5:12!21|SpaceAfter=No 33 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=EZR_5:12!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַרְגִּזוּ *they enraged* | qatal · haphel | אֲבָהֳת *fathers* | | | | | יְהַב *he gave* | qatal · peal | אֱלָהּ *God* | הִמּוֹ *them* | | | | סַתְר *he* | qatal · peal | נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר *of Nebuchadnezzar* | ֵהּ *destroyed it* | | | | הַגְלִי *he took into exile* | qatal · haphel | נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר *of Nebuchadnezzar* | עַמּ *the* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But because that our fathers had provoked the God of heaven, He gave them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this house, and carried the people away into Babylon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.131/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:EZR:28`. - ← previous: [Ezra 5:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.5.11/) - next →: [Ezra 5:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.5.13/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/5/)