--- title: Ezra 5:7 — they sent a letter unto him, wherein was written thus: 'Unto Darius… · Aramaic, tree and pragmatics description: they sent a letter unto him, wherein was written thus: 'Unto Darius the king, all peace. Who acts: Tattenai. Ezra 5:7 in Biblical Aramaic with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.5.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/5/) / 5:7 # Ezra 5:7 עֶזְרָא **Who acts:** Tattenai · **What happens:** send, write · **To what, where:** letter This is Ezra 5:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — Tattenai — and what happens in the verse to letter, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. פִּתְגָמָ֖א שְׁלַ֣חוּ עֲל֑וֹהִי וְכִדְנָה֙ כְּתִ֣יב בְּגַוֵּ֔הּ לְדָרְיָ֥וֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֖א שְׁלָמָ֥א כֹֽלָּא׃ס [they sent a letter unto him, wherein was written thus: 'Unto Darius the king, all peace.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.126/) ## The tree {#tree} This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc-arc:EZR:23 # text = פִּתְגָמָ֖א שְׁלַ֣חוּ עֲל֑וֹהִי וְכִדְנָה֙ כְּתִ֣יב בְּגַוֵּ֔הּ לְדָרְיָ֥וֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֖א שְׁלָמָ֥א כֹֽלָּא׃ס # verse = EZR.5.7 1-2 פִּתְגָמָ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 פִּתְגָמ פִּתְגָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obj _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_5:7!1|MId=o150050070011|Strong=6600|Lang=arc 2 ָ֖א א DET _ PronType=Art 1 det _ Gloss=word|Ref=EZR_5:7!1|MId=o150050070012|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 3 שְׁלַ֣חוּ שְׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.sent|Ref=EZR_5:7!2|MId=o150050070021|Strong=7972|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:150050060051;150050060092;150050060102;A1:150050070011;|Type=qatal 4-5 עֲל֑וֹהִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 עֲל֑וֹ עַל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZR_5:7!3|MId=o150050070031|Strong=5922|Lang=arc 5 הִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=EZR_5:7!3|MId=o150050070032|Strong=1958b|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 6-8 וְכִדְנָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_5:7!4|MId=o150050070041|Strong=2050d|Lang=arc 7 כִ כְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=EZR_5:7!4|MId=o150050070042|Strong=3509d|Lang=arc 8 דְנָה֙ דְּנָה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 9 obl _ Gloss=to.this|Ref=EZR_5:7!4|MId=o150050070043|Strong=1836|Lang=arc|Type=demonstrative 9 כְּתִ֣יב כְּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PEIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=it.was.written|Ref=EZR_5:7!5|MId=o150050070051|Strong=3790|Lang=arc|Frame=A0:;|Type=qatal 10-12 בְּגַוֵּ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZR_5:7!6|MId=o150050070061|Strong=0871b|Lang=arc 11 גַוּ גֹּוא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=midst|Ref=EZR_5:7!6|MId=o150050070062|Strong=1459|Lang=arc 12 ֵ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=EZR_5:7!6|MId=o150050070063|Strong=1886h|Lang=arc|Type=pronominal 13-14 לְדָרְיָ֥וֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZR_5:7!7|MId=o150050070071|Strong=3807b|Lang=arc 14 דָרְיָ֥וֶשׁ דָּרְיָוֶשׁ PROPN _ _ 3 parataxis _ Gloss=Darius|Ref=EZR_5:7!7|MId=o150050070072|Strong=1868|Lang=arc 15-16 מַלְכָּ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 appos _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_5:7!8|MId=o150050070081|Strong=4430|Lang=arc 16 ָ֖א א DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=king|Ref=EZR_5:7!8|MId=o150050070082|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 17-18 שְׁלָמָ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 שְׁלָמ שְׁלָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_5:7!9|MId=o150050070091|Strong=8001|Lang=arc 18 ָ֥א א DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=peace|Ref=EZR_5:7!9|MId=o150050070092|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 19-20 כֹֽלָּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 כֹֽלּ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 appos _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZR_5:7!10|MId=o150050070101|Strong=3606|Lang=arc 20 ָא א DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZR_5:7!10|MId=o150050070102|Strong=0001b|Lang=arc|Type=definite_article 21 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=EZR_5:7!10|SpaceAfter=No 22 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=EZR_5:7!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׁלַחוּ *they sent* | qatal · peal | | פִּתְגָמ *the* | | | | כְּתִיב *it was written* | qatal · peil | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [they sent a letter unto him, wherein was written thus: 'Unto Darius the king, all peace.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.126/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc-arc:EZR:23`. - ← previous: [Ezra 5:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.5.6/) - next →: [Ezra 5:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.5.8/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/5/)