--- title: Ezra 8:21 — Then I proclaimed a fast there, at the river Ahava, that we might hu… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then I proclaimed a fast there, at the river Ahava, that we might humble ourselves before our God, to seek of Him a straight way, for us, and for our little ones, and for all our substance. Who acts: I, we. Ezra 8:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.8.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/8/) / 8:21 # Ezra 8:21 עֶזְרָא **Who acts:** I, we · **What happens:** proclaim, humble, seek · **To what, where:** fast, river, ourselves, straight way This is Ezra 8:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, we — and what happens in the verse to fast, river, ourselves, straight way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וָאֶקְרָ֨א שָׁ֥ם צוֹם֙ עַל־הַנָּהָ֣ר אַהֲוָ֔א לְהִתְעַנּ֖וֹת לִפְנֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ לְבַקֵּ֤שׁ מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְשָׁרָ֔ה לָ֥נוּ וּלְטַפֵּ֖נוּ וּלְכָל־רְכוּשֵֽׁנוּ׃ [Then I proclaimed a fast there, at the river Ahava, that we might humble ourselves before our God, to seek of Him a straight way, for us, and for our little ones, and for all our substance.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.210/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZR:138 # text = וָאֶקְרָ֨א שָׁ֥ם צוֹם֙ עַל־הַנָּהָ֣ר אַהֲוָ֔א לְהִתְעַנּ֖וֹת לִפְנֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ לְבַקֵּ֤שׁ מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְשָׁרָ֔ה לָ֥נוּ וּלְטַפֵּ֖נוּ וּלְכָל־רְכוּשֵֽׁנוּ׃ # verse = EZR.8.21 1-2 וָאֶקְרָ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_8:21!1|MId=o150080210011|Strong=2050b 2 אֶקְרָ֨א קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.proclaimed|Ref=EZR_8:21!1|MId=o150080210012|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:150070250021;A1:150080210031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁ֥ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=EZR_8:21!2|MId=o150080210021|Strong=8033 4 צוֹם֙ צוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=a.fast|Ref=EZR_8:21!3|MId=o150080210031|Strong=6685 5 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EZR_8:21!4|MId=o150080210041|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הַנָּהָ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_8:21!5|MId=o150080210051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 נָּהָ֣ר נָהָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=river|Ref=EZR_8:21!5|MId=o150080210052|Strong=5104 8 אַהֲוָ֔א אַהֲוָא PROPN _ _ 7 appos _ Gloss=Ahava|Ref=EZR_8:21!6|MId=o150080210061|Strong=0163 9-10 לְהִתְעַנּ֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZR_8:21!7|MId=o150080210071|Strong=3807a 10 הִתְעַנּ֖וֹת עָנָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HITHPAEL 2 advcl _ Gloss=humble.ourselves|Ref=EZR_8:21!7|MId=o150080210072|Strong=6031|Frame=A0:150080010021;150080010042;150070250021;|Type=infinitive_construct 11-12 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=EZR_8:21!8|MId=o150080210081|Strong=3807a 12 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=EZR_8:21!8|MId=o150080210082|Strong=6440 13-14 אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אֱלֹהֵ֑י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=EZR_8:21!9|MId=o150080210091|Strong=0430 14 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=EZR_8:21!9|MId=o150080210092|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 15-16 לְבַקֵּ֤שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EZR_8:21!10|MId=o150080210101|Strong=3807a 16 בַקֵּ֤שׁ בָּקַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 10 advcl _ Gloss=seek|Ref=EZR_8:21!10|MId=o150080210102|Strong=1245|Frame=A0:150080010021;150080010042;150070250021;A1:150080210121;|Type=infinitive_construct 17-18 מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZR_8:21!11|MId=o150080210111|Strong=4480 18 ֶ֙נּוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=EZR_8:21!11|MId=o150080210112|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 19 דֶּ֣רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=a.journey|Ref=EZR_8:21!12|MId=o150080210121|Strong=1870 20 יְשָׁרָ֔ה יָשָׁר ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 amod _ Gloss=straight|Ref=EZR_8:21!13|MId=o150080210131|Strong=3477|Type=adjective 21-22 לָ֥נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 ל לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZR_8:21!14|MId=o150080210141|Strong=3807a 22 ָ֥נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=EZR_8:21!14|MId=o150080210142|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 23-26 וּלְטַפֵּ֖נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_8:21!15|MId=o150080210151|Strong=2050b 24 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZR_8:21!15|MId=o150080210152|Strong=3807a 25 טַפּ טַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=our.little|Ref=EZR_8:21!15|MId=o150080210153|Strong=2945 26 ֵ֖נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=one[s]|Ref=EZR_8:21!15|MId=o150080210154|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 27-29 וּלְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_8:21!16|MId=o150080210161|Strong=2050b 28 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EZR_8:21!16|MId=o150080210162|Strong=3807a 29 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EZR_8:21!16|MId=o150080210163|Strong=3605 30-31 רְכוּשֵֽׁנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 רְכוּשׁ רְכוּשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=property|Ref=EZR_8:21!17|MId=o150080210171|Strong=7399 31 ֵֽנוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=EZR_8:21!17|MId=o150080210172|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=EZR_8:21!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֶקְרָא *I proclaimed* | wayyiqtol · qal | | צוֹם *a fast* | | | | הִתְעַנּוֹת *humble ourselves* | infinitive construct · hithpael | | | | | | בַקֵּשׁ *seek* | infinitive construct · piel | | דֶּרֶךְ *a journey* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then I proclaimed a fast there, at the river Ahava, that we might humble ourselves before our God, to seek of Him a straight way, for us, and for our little ones, and for all our substance.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.210/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZR:138`. - ← previous: [Ezra 8:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.8.20/) - next →: [Ezra 8:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.8.22/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/8/)