--- title: Ezra 9:7 — Since the days of our fathers we have been exceeding guilty unto thi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Since the days of our fathers we have been exceeding guilty unto this day; and for our iniquities have we, our kings, and our priests, been delivered into the hand of the kings of the lands, to the sword, to captivity, and to spoiling, and to confusion of face, as it is this day. Who acts: we, face. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.9.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/9/) / 9:7 # Ezra 9:7 עֶזְרָא **Who acts:** we, face · **What happens:** be, deliver, confuse · **To what, where:** we, hand, day, face This is Ezra 9:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — we, face — and what happens in the verse to we, hand, day, face, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. מִימֵ֣י אֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ בְּאַשְׁמָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וּבַעֲוֺנֹתֵ֡ינוּ נִתַּ֡נּוּ אֲנַחְנוּ֩ מְלָכֵ֨ינוּ כֹהֲנֵ֜ינוּ בְּיַ֣ד ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאֲרָצ֗וֹת בַּחֶ֜רֶב בַּשְּׁבִ֧י וּבַבִּזָּ֛ה וּבְבֹ֥שֶׁת פָּנִ֖ים כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ [Since the days of our fathers we have been exceeding guilty unto this day; and for our iniquities have we, our kings, and our priests, been delivered into the hand of the kings of the lands, to the sword, to captivity, and to spoiling, and to confusion of face, as it is this day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.232/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EZR:160 # text = מִימֵ֣י אֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ בְּאַשְׁמָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וּבַעֲוֺנֹתֵ֡ינוּ נִתַּ֡נּוּ אֲנַחְנוּ֩ מְלָכֵ֨ינוּ כֹהֲנֵ֜ינוּ בְּיַ֣ד ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאֲרָצ֗וֹת בַּחֶ֜רֶב בַּשְּׁבִ֧י וּבַבִּזָּ֛ה וּבְבֹ֥שֶׁת פָּנִ֖ים כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ # verse = EZR.9.7 1-2 מִימֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EZR_9:7!1|MId=o150090070011|Strong=4480 2 ימֵ֣י יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=EZR_9:7!1|MId=o150090070012|Strong=3117 3-4 אֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲבֹתֵ֗י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=our.ancestors|Ref=EZR_9:7!2|MId=o150090070021|Strong=0001 4 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=EZR_9:7!2|MId=o150090070022|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 5 אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ אֲנַחְנוּ PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=EZR_9:7!3|MId=o150090070031|Strong=0587|Type=personal 6-7 בְּאַשְׁמָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=[have|Ref=EZR_9:7!4|MId=o150090070041|Strong=0871a 7 אַשְׁמָ֣ה אַשְׁמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=been].in.guilt|Ref=EZR_9:7!4|MId=o150090070042|Strong=0819 8 גְדֹלָ֔ה גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=EZR_9:7!5|MId=o150090070051|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 9 עַ֖ד עַד ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=EZR_9:7!6|MId=o150090070061|Strong=5704 10-11 הַיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_9:7!7|MId=o150090070071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=EZR_9:7!7|MId=o150090070072|Strong=3117 12-13 הַזֶּ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZR_9:7!8|MId=o150090070081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 זֶּ֑ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 11 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EZR_9:7!8|MId=o150090070082|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 14-17 וּבַעֲוֺנֹתֵ֡ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_9:7!9|MId=o150090070091|Strong=2050b 15 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZR_9:7!9|MId=o150090070092|Strong=0871a 16 עֲוֺנֹתֵ֡י עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Plur 18 obl _ Gloss=iniquities|Ref=EZR_9:7!9|MId=o150090070093|Strong=5771 17 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=EZR_9:7!9|MId=o150090070094|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 18 נִתַּ֡נּוּ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 7 conj _ Gloss=we.have.been.given|Ref=EZR_9:7!10|MId=o150090070101|Strong=5414|Frame=A1:150090070111;150090070121;150090070131;|Type=qatal 19 אֲנַחְנוּ֩ אֲנַחְנוּ PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=EZR_9:7!11|MId=o150090070111|Strong=0587|Type=personal 20-21 מְלָכֵ֨ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 מְלָכֵ֨י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 conj _ Gloss=kings|Ref=EZR_9:7!12|MId=o150090070121|Strong=4428 21 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=EZR_9:7!12|MId=o150090070122|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 22-23 כֹהֲנֵ֜ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 כֹהֲנֵ֜י כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 conj _ Gloss=priests|Ref=EZR_9:7!13|MId=o150090070131|Strong=3548 23 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=EZR_9:7!13|MId=o150090070132|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 24-25 בְּיַ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EZR_9:7!14|MId=o150090070141|Strong=0871a 25 יַ֣ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=EZR_9:7!14|MId=o150090070142|Strong=3027 26 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=EZR_9:7!14 27 מַלְכֵ֣י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.kings|Ref=EZR_9:7!15|MId=o150090070151|Strong=4428 28-29 הָאֲרָצ֗וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EZR_9:7!16|MId=o150090070161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 אֲרָצ֗וֹת אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Plur 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.lands|Ref=EZR_9:7!16|MId=o150090070162|Strong=0776 30-32 בַּחֶ֜רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EZR_9:7!17|MId=o150090070171|Strong=0871a 31 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZR_9:7!17|MId=o150090070171ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 חֶ֜רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=sword|Ref=EZR_9:7!17|MId=o150090070172|Strong=2719 33-35 בַּשְּׁבִ֧י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EZR_9:7!18|MId=o150090070181|Strong=0871a 34 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZR_9:7!18|MId=o150090070181ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 שְּׁבִ֧י שְׁבִי NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 conj _ Gloss=captivity|Ref=EZR_9:7!18|MId=o150090070182|Strong=7628 36-39 וּבַבִּזָּ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_9:7!19|MId=o150090070191|Strong=2050b 37 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EZR_9:7!19|MId=o150090070192|Strong=0871a 38 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZR_9:7!19|MId=o150090070192ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 בִּזָּ֛ה בִּזָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 conj _ Gloss=plunder|Ref=EZR_9:7!19|MId=o150090070193|Strong=0961 40-42 וּבְבֹ֥שֶׁת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 42 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EZR_9:7!20|MId=o150090070201|Strong=2050b 41 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 42 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EZR_9:7!20|MId=o150090070202|Strong=0871a 42 בֹ֥שֶׁת בֹּשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 conj _ Gloss=shame|Ref=EZR_9:7!20|MId=o150090070203|Strong=1322 43 פָּנִ֖ים פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 42 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.face|Ref=EZR_9:7!21|MId=o150090070211|Strong=6440 44-46 כְּהַיּ֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 46 case _ Gloss=as|Ref=EZR_9:7!22|MId=o150090070221|Strong=3509a 45 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 46 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EZR_9:7!22|MId=o150090070222|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 46 יּ֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=EZR_9:7!22|MId=o150090070223|Strong=3117 47-48 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 48 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EZR_9:7!23|MId=o150090070231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 48 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 46 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EZR_9:7!23|MId=o150090070232|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 49 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 48 punct _ Ref=EZR_9:7!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִתַּנּוּ *we have been given* | qatal · niphal | | אֲנַחְנוּ *we* + מְלָכֵי *kings* + כֹהֲנֵי *priests* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Since the days of our fathers we have been exceeding guilty unto this day; and for our iniquities have we, our kings, and our priests, been delivered into the hand of the kings of the lands, to the sword, to captivity, and to spoiling, and to confusion of face, as it is this day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.232/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EZR:160`. - ← previous: [Ezra 9:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.9.6/) - next →: [Ezra 9:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.9.8/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/9/)