--- title: Job 1:16 — While he was yet speaking, there came also another, and said: 'A fir… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: While he was yet speaking, there came also another, and said: 'A fire of God is fallen from heaven, and hath burned up the sheep, and the servants, and consumed them; and I only am escaped alone to tell thee.' Who acts: messenger, another, fire, I. Job 1:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Ta --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.1.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/1/) / 1:16 # Job 1:16 אִיּוֹב **Who acts:** messenger, another, fire, I · **What happens:** speak, come, say, fall, burn up, consume · **To what, where:** heaven, sheep, thee, God · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Job 1:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — messenger, another, fire, I — and what happens in the verse to heaven, sheep, thee, God, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 42 chapters of Job on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. ע֣וֹד ׀ זֶ֣ה מְדַבֵּ֗ר וְזֶה֮ בָּ֣א וַיֹּאמַר֒ אֵ֣שׁ אֱלֹהִ֗ים נָֽפְלָה֙ מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַתִּבְעַ֥ר בַּצֹּ֛אן וּבַנְּעָרִ֖ים וַתֹּאכְלֵ֑ם וָאִמָּ֨לְטָ֧ה רַק־אֲנִ֛י לְבַדִּ֖י לְהַגִּ֥יד לָֽךְ׃ [While he was yet speaking, there came also another, and said: 'A fire of God is fallen from heaven, and hath burned up the sheep, and the servants, and consumed them; and I only am escaped alone to tell thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.16/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOB:15 # text = ע֣וֹד ׀ זֶ֣ה מְדַבֵּ֗ר וְזֶה֮ בָּ֣א וַיֹּאמַר֒ אֵ֣שׁ אֱלֹהִ֗ים נָֽפְלָה֙ מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַתִּבְעַ֥ר בַּצֹּ֛אן וּבַנְּעָרִ֖ים וַתֹּאכְלֵ֑ם וָאִמָּ֨לְטָ֧ה רַק־אֲנִ֛י לְבַדִּ֖י לְהַגִּ֥יד לָֽךְ׃ # verse = JOB.1.16 1 ע֣וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=JOB_1:16!1|MId=o180010160011|Strong=5750 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=JOB_1:16!1 3 זֶ֣ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 nsubj _ Gloss=this.[one]|Ref=JOB_1:16!2|MId=o180010160021|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 4 מְדַבֵּ֗ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[was].speaking|Ref=JOB_1:16!3|MId=o180010160031|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:180010160021;|Type=participle_active 5-6 וְזֶה֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_1:16!4|MId=o180010160041|Strong=2050b 6 זֶה֮ זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 7 nsubj _ Gloss=this.[one]|Ref=JOB_1:16!4|MId=o180010160042|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 7 בָּ֣א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=JOB_1:16!5|MId=o180010160051|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:180010160042;|Type=qatal 8-9 וַיֹּאמַר֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_1:16!6|MId=o180010160061|Strong=2050b 9 יֹּאמַר֒ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JOB_1:16!6|MId=o180010160062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:180010160042;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 אֵ֣שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=the.fire|Ref=JOB_1:16!7|MId=o180010160071|Strong=0784 11 אֱלֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.God|Ref=JOB_1:16!8|MId=o180010160081|Strong=0430 12 נָֽפְלָה֙ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 ccomp _ Gloss=it.fell|Ref=JOB_1:16!9|MId=o180010160091|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:180010160071;|Type=qatal 13 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOB_1:16!10|MId=o180010160101|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOB_1:16!11|MId=o180010160111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 שָּׁמַ֔יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=heavens|Ref=JOB_1:16!11|MId=o180010160112|Strong=8064 16-17 וַתִּבְעַ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_1:16!12|MId=o180010160121|Strong=2050b 17 תִּבְעַ֥ר בָּעַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 conj _ Gloss=it.burned|Ref=JOB_1:16!12|MId=o180010160122|Strong=1197|Frame=A0:180010160071;|Type=wayyiqtol 18-20 בַּצֹּ֛אן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(on)|Ref=JOB_1:16!13|MId=o180010160131|Strong=0871a 19 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOB_1:16!13|MId=o180010160131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 צֹּ֛אן צֹאן NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=sheep|Ref=JOB_1:16!13|MId=o180010160132|Strong=6629 21-24 וּבַנְּעָרִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_1:16!14|MId=o180010160141|Strong=2050b 22 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(on)|Ref=JOB_1:16!14|MId=o180010160142|Strong=0871a 23 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOB_1:16!14|MId=o180010160142ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 נְּעָרִ֖ים נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 conj _ Gloss=servants|Ref=JOB_1:16!14|MId=o180010160143|Strong=5288 25-27 וַתֹּאכְלֵ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_1:16!15|MId=o180010160151|Strong=2050b 26 תֹּאכְל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 conj _ Gloss=it|Ref=JOB_1:16!15|MId=o180010160152|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:180010160071;A1:180010160153;|Type=wayyiqtol 27 ֵ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=consumed.them|Ref=JOB_1:16!15|MId=o180010160153|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28-30 וָאִמָּ֨לְטָ֧ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_1:16!16|MId=o180010160161|Strong=2050b 29 אִמָּ֨לְט מָלַט VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 12 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=JOB_1:16!16|MId=o180010160162|Strong=4422|Frame=A0:180010160181;|Type=wayyiqtol 30 ָ֧ה ה X _ _ 29 nmod _ Gloss=have.escaped|Ref=JOB_1:16!16|MId=o180010160163|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 31 רַק־ רַק ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=only|Ref=JOB_1:16!17|MId=o180010160171|Strong=7535|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 32 אֲנִ֛י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=JOB_1:16!18|MId=o180010160181|Strong=0589|Type=personal 33-35 לְבַדִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=I|Ref=JOB_1:16!19|MId=o180010160191|Strong=3807a 34 בַדּ בַּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=JOB_1:16!19|MId=o180010160192|Strong=0905 35 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=alone|Ref=JOB_1:16!19|MId=o180010160193|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 36-37 לְהַגִּ֥יד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOB_1:16!20|MId=o180010160201|Strong=3807a 37 הַגִּ֥יד נָגַד VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 29 advcl _ Gloss=tell|Ref=JOB_1:16!20|MId=o180010160202|Strong=5046|Frame=A0:180010160042;|Type=infinitive_construct 38-39 לָֽךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 ל לְ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOB_1:16!21|MId=o180010160211|Strong=3807a 39 ָֽךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 37 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=JOB_1:16!21|MId=o180010160212|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=JOB_1:16!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מְדַבֵּר *\[was\] speaking* | participle active · piel | זֶה *this \[one\]* | | | | | בָּא *he came* | qatal · qal | זֶה *this \[one\]* | | | | | יֹּאמַר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | זֶה *this \[one\]* | | | | | נָֽפְלָה *it fell* | qatal · qal | אֵשׁ *the fire* | | | | | תִּבְעַר *it burned* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֵשׁ *the fire* | | | | | תֹּאכְל *it* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֵשׁ *the fire* | ֵם *consumed them* | | | | אִמָּלְט *I* | wayyiqtol · niphal | אֲנִי *I* | | | | | הַגִּיד *tell* | infinitive construct · hiphil | זֶה *this \[one\]* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} עַד כְּדוּן דֵין מְמַלֵיל וְדֵין אֲתָא וַאֲמַר אֶשְׁתָּא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ נְפָלַת מִן שְׁמַיָא וְאוֹקִידַת בְּעָנָא וּבְעוּלֵמַיָא וּגְמַרְתִּינוּן וְאִשְׁתֵּזְבִית לְחוֹד אֲנָא לְבִלְחוֹדִי לְחַוָאָה לָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [While he was yet speaking, there came also another, and said: 'A fire of God is fallen from heaven, and hath burned up the sheep, and the servants, and consumed them; and I only am escaped alone to tell thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.16/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOB:15`. - ← previous: [Job 1:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.1.15/) - next →: [Job 1:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.1.17/) - ↑ back to [Job 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/1/)