--- title: Job 1:21 — And he said; naked came I out of my mother's womb, and naked shall I… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said; naked came I out of my mother's womb, and naked shall I return thither; the LORD gave, and the LORD hath taken away; blessed be the name of the LORD. Who acts: fire, I, LORD. Job 1:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.1.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/1/) / 1:21 # Job 1:21 אִיּוֹב **Who acts:** fire, I, LORD · **What happens:** say, come, return, give, take away, bless · **To what, where:** womb, name, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Job 1:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fire, I, LORD — and what happens in the verse to womb, name, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 42 chapters of Job on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּאמֶר֩ עָרֹ֨ם יָצָ֜אתִי מִבֶּ֣טֶן אִמִּ֗י וְעָרֹם֙ אָשׁ֣וּב שָׁ֔מָהיְהוָ֣ה נָתַ֔ן וַיהוָ֖ה לָקָ֑ח יְהִ֛י שֵׁ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה מְבֹרָֽךְ׃ [And he said; naked came I out of my mother's womb, and naked shall I return thither; the LORD gave, and the LORD hath taken away; blessed be the name of the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.21/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOB:20 # text = וַיֹּאמֶר֩ עָרֹ֨ם יָצָ֜אתִי מִבֶּ֣טֶן אִמִּ֗י וְעָרֹם֙ אָשׁ֣וּב שָׁ֔מָהיְהוָ֣ה נָתַ֔ן וַיהוָ֖ה לָקָ֑ח יְהִ֛י שֵׁ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה מְבֹרָֽךְ׃ # verse = JOB.1.21 1-2 וַיֹּאמֶר֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_1:21!1|MId=o180010210011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאמֶר֩ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=JOB_1:21!1|MId=o180010210012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:180010200021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 עָרֹ֨ם עָרוֹם ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 advmod _ Gloss=naked|Ref=JOB_1:21!2|MId=o180010210021|Strong=6174|Type=adjective 4 יָצָ֜אתִי יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 ccomp _ Gloss=I.came.out|Ref=JOB_1:21!4|MId=o180010210041|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:180010200021;|Type=qatal 5-6 מִבֶּ֣טֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOB_1:21!5|MId=o180010210051|Strong=4480 6 בֶּ֣טֶן בֶּטֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=the.womb|Ref=JOB_1:21!5|MId=o180010210052|Strong=0990 7-8 אִמִּ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 אִמּ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.mother|Ref=JOB_1:21!6|MId=o180010210061|Strong=0517 8 ִ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JOB_1:21!6|MId=o180010210062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9-10 וְעָרֹם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_1:21!7|MId=o180010210071|Strong=2050b 10 עָרֹם֙ עָרוֹם ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 advmod _ Gloss=naked|Ref=JOB_1:21!7|MId=o180010210072|Strong=6174|Type=adjective 11 אָשׁ֣וּב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 conj _ Gloss=I.will.return|Ref=JOB_1:21!8|MId=o180010210081|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:180010200021;|Type=yiqtol 12-14 שָׁ֔מָהיְהוָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 שָׁ֔מ שָׁם ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=JOB_1:21!9|MId=o180010210091|Strong=8033 13 ָה ה X _ _ 12 nmod _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=JOB_1:21!9|MId=o180010210092|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 14 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 15 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOB_1:21!10|MId=o180010210101|Strong=3068 15 נָתַ֔ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=he.gave|Ref=JOB_1:21!11|MId=o180010210111|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:180010210101;|Type=qatal 16-17 וַיהוָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_1:21!12|MId=o180010210121|Strong=2050b 17 יהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 18 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=JOB_1:21!12|MId=o180010210122|Strong=3068 18 לָקָ֑ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 conj _ Gloss=he.has.taken|Ref=JOB_1:21!13|MId=o180010210131|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:180010210122;|Type=qatal 19 יְהִ֛י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 22 cop _ Gloss=may.it.be|Ref=JOB_1:21!14|MId=o180010210141|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:180010210151;|Type=yiqtol 20 שֵׁ֥ם שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=the.name|Ref=JOB_1:21!15|MId=o180010210151|Strong=8034 21 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=JOB_1:21!16|MId=o180010210161|Strong=3068 22 מְבֹרָֽךְ בָּרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ Gloss=blessed|Ref=JOB_1:21!17|MId=o180010210171|Strong=1288|Frame=A1:180010210151;|Type=participle_passive|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=JOB_1:21!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יָצָאתִי *I came out* | qatal · qal | | | | | | אָשׁוּב *I will return* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | נָתַן *he gave* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | לָקָח *he has taken* | qatal · qal | יהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יְהִי *may it be* | yiqtol · qal | שֵׁם *the name* | | | | | מְבֹרָֽךְ *blessed* | participle passive · pual | | שֵׁם *the name* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר עַרְטִילֵי נְפַקֵית מִן כְּרֵסָא דְאִמִי וְעַרְטִילֵי אֱתוּב לְבֵית קְבוּרְתָּא מֵימְרָא דַייָ יְהַב וּמֵימְרָא דַייָ וּבֵית דִינֵיהּ נְסִיב יְהֵי שְׁמָא דַייָ מְבָרָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said; naked came I out of my mother's womb, and naked shall I return thither; the LORD gave, and the LORD hath taken away; blessed be the name of the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.21/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOB:20`. - ← previous: [Job 1:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.1.20/) - next →: [Job 1:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.1.22/) - ↑ back to [Job 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/1/)