--- title: Job 20:19 — For he hath oppressed and forsaken the poor; he hath violently taken… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For he hath oppressed and forsaken the poor; he hath violently taken away a house, and he shall not build it up. Who acts: head. Job 20:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.20.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/20/) / 20:19 # Job 20:19 אִיּוֹב **Who acts:** head · **What happens:** oppress, forsake, take away, not build up · **To what, where:** poor, house This is Job 20:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — head — and what happens in the verse to poor, house, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 42 chapters of Job on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּֽי־רִ֭צַּץ עָזַ֣ב דַּלִּ֑ים בַּ֥יִת גָּ֝זַ֗ל וְלֹ֣א יִבֶנֵֽהוּ׃ [For he hath oppressed and forsaken the poor; he hath violently taken away a house, and he shall not build it up.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.516/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOB:475 # text = כִּֽי־רִ֭צַּץ עָזַ֣ב דַּלִּ֑ים בַּ֥יִת גָּ֝זַ֗ל וְלֹ֣א יִבֶנֵֽהוּ׃ # verse = JOB.20.19 1 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JOB_20:19!1|MId=o180200190011|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 2 רִ֭צַּץ רָצַץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.has.crushed|Ref=JOB_20:19!2|MId=o180200190021|Strong=7533|Frame=A0:180200050031;180200050061;A1:180200190041;|Type=qatal 3 עָזַ֣ב עָזַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.has.neglected|Ref=JOB_20:19!3|MId=o180200190031|Strong=5800|Frame=A0:180200050031;180200050061;A1:180200190041;|Type=qatal 4 דַּלִּ֑ים דַּל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obj _ Gloss=poor.[people]|Ref=JOB_20:19!4|MId=o180200190041|Strong=1800|Type=adjective 5 בַּ֥יִת בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=a.house|Ref=JOB_20:19!5|MId=o180200190051|Strong=1004 6 גָּ֝זַ֗ל גָּזַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.has.seized|Ref=JOB_20:19!6|MId=o180200190061|Strong=1497|Frame=A0:180200050031;180200050061;A1:180200190051;|Type=qatal 7-8 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_20:19!7|MId=o180200190071|Strong=2050b 8 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOB_20:19!7|MId=o180200190072|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9-10 יִבֶנֵֽהוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 יִבֶנ בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JOB_20:19!8|MId=o180200190081|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:180200050031;180200050061;A1:180200190082;|Type=yiqtol 10 ֵֽהוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=had.built.it|Ref=JOB_20:19!8|MId=o180200190082|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 11 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ Ref=JOB_20:19!8 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | רִצַּץ *he has crushed* | qatal · piel | | דַּלִּים *poor \[people\]* | | | | עָזַב *he has neglected* | qatal · qal | | דַּלִּים *poor \[people\]* | | | | גָּזַל *he has seized* | qatal · qal | | בַּיִת *a house* | | | | **not** יִבֶנ *he* | yiqtol · qal | | ֵֽהוּ *had built it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אֲרוּם רָעַע עִסְקָא דְמִסְכֵּנִין בֵּיתָא אֲנַס וְלָא בְנָא יָתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For he hath oppressed and forsaken the poor; he hath violently taken away a house, and he shall not build it up.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.516/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOB:475`. - ← previous: [Job 20:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.20.18/) - next →: [Job 20:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.20.20/) - ↑ back to [Job 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/20/)