---
title: Job 22:20 — 'Surely their substance is cut off, and their abundance the fire hat… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics
description: 'Surely their substance is cut off, and their abundance the fire hath consumed.' Who acts: fire. Job 22:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.22.20/)

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# Job 22:20 אִיּוֹב

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**Who acts:** fire · **What happens:** cut off, consume · **To what, where:** substance, abundance

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This is Job 22:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fire — and what happens in the verse to substance, abundance, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 42 chapters of Job on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

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אִם־לֹ֣א נִכְחַ֣ד קִימָ֑נוּ וְ֝יִתְרָ֗ם אָ֣כְלָה אֵֽשׁ׃

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['Surely their substance is cut off, and their abundance the fire hath consumed.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.590/)

## The tree {#tree}

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Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

```conllu rtl gloss
# sent_id = wlc:JOB:539
# text = אִם־לֹ֣א נִכְחַ֣ד קִימָ֑נוּ וְ֝יִתְרָ֗ם אָ֣כְלָה אֵֽשׁ׃
# verse = JOB.22.20
1	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	_	3	mark	_	Gloss=if|Ref=JOB_22:20!1|MId=o180220200011|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No
2	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	_	3	advmod	_	Gloss=not|Ref=JOB_22:20!2|MId=o180220200021|Strong=3808|Type=negative
3	נִכְחַ֣ד	כָּחַד	VERB	_	Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3	0	root	_	Gloss=he.has.been.destroyed|Ref=JOB_22:20!3|MId=o180220200031|Strong=3582|Frame=A1:180220200041;|Type=qatal
4-5	קִימָ֑נוּ	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
4	קִימ	קִים	NOUN	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	Gloss=adversary|Ref=JOB_22:20!4|MId=o180220200041|Strong=7009
5	ָ֑נוּ	הוּא	PRON	_	Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	Gloss=our|Ref=JOB_22:20!4|MId=o180220200042|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal
6-8	וְ֝יִתְרָ֗ם	_	_	_	_	_	_	_	_
6	וְ֝	וְ	CCONJ	_	_	9	cc	_	Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_22:20!5|MId=o180220200051|Strong=2050b
7	יִתְר	יֶתֶר	NOUN	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Sing	9	obj	_	Gloss=abundance|Ref=JOB_22:20!5|MId=o180220200052|Strong=3499
8	ָ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	_	Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	Gloss=their|Ref=JOB_22:20!5|MId=o180220200053|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal
9	אָ֣כְלָה	אָכַל	VERB	_	Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3	3	conj	_	Gloss=it.has.consumed|Ref=JOB_22:20!6|MId=o180220200061|Strong=0398|Frame=A1:180220200052;A0:180220200071;|Type=qatal
10	אֵֽשׁ	אֵשׁ	NOUN	_	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	Gloss=fire|Ref=JOB_22:20!7|MId=o180220200071|Strong=0784|SpaceAfter=No
11	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	_	10	punct	_	Ref=JOB_22:20!7
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- speech: inside a quote begun earlier
- negation: yes

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| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **not** נִכְחַד *he has been destroyed* | qatal · niphal |  | קִימ *adversary* |  |  |
| אָכְלָה *it has consumed* | qatal · qal | אֵֽשׁ *fire* | יִתְר *abundance* |  |  |

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MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

## The Targum {#onkelos}

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אִין לָא אִתְמְנִיעוּ מִלְמֵקוּם וּמוֹתַרְהוֹן גַמֶרֶת אֶשְׁתָּא:

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The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

## English, JPS 1917 {#english}

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Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

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1. ['Surely their substance is cut off, and their abundance the fire hath consumed.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.590/)

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**Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

**English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOB:539`.

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