--- title: Job 24:1 — Why are times not laid up by the Almighty? And why do not they that… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Why are times not laid up by the Almighty? And why do not they that know Him see His days? Who acts: Almighty, they. Job 24:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/24/) / 24:1 # Job 24:1 אִיּוֹב **Who acts:** Almighty, they · **What happens:** not lay up, know, not see · **To what, where:** times, Almighty This is Job 24:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Almighty, they — and what happens in the verse to times, Almighty, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 42 chapters of Job on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. מַדּ֗וּעַ מִ֭שַּׁדַּי לֹא־נִצְפְּנ֣וּ עִתִּ֑ים וְ֝יֹדְעָ֗יו לֹא־חָ֥זוּ יָמָֽיו׃ [Why are times not laid up by the Almighty?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.620/) [And why do not they that know Him see His days?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.621/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOB:567 # text = מַדּ֗וּעַ מִ֭שַּׁדַּי לֹא־נִצְפְּנ֣וּ עִתִּ֑ים וְ֝יֹדְעָ֗יו לֹא־חָ֥זוּ יָמָֽיו׃ # verse = JOB.24.1 1 מַדּ֗וּעַ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=JOB_24:1!1|MId=o180240010011|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 2-3 מִ֭שַּׁדַּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 מִ֭ מִן ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=JOB_24:1!2|MId=o180240010021|Strong=4480 3 שַּׁדַּי שַׁדַּי PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Almighty|Ref=JOB_24:1!2|MId=o180240010022|Strong=7706 4 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOB_24:1!3|MId=o180240010031|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 5 נִצְפְּנ֣וּ צָפַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=have.they.been.stored.up|Ref=JOB_24:1!4|MId=o180240010041|Strong=6845|Frame=A1:180240010051;|Type=qatal 6 עִתִּ֑ים עֵת NOUN _ Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=times|Ref=JOB_24:1!5|MId=o180240010051|Strong=6256 7-9 וְ֝יֹדְעָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ֝ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_24:1!7|MId=o180240010071|Strong=2050b 8 יֹדְעָ֗י יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ Gloss=[those|Ref=JOB_24:1!7|MId=o180240010072|Strong=3045|Frame=A1:180240010073;|Type=participle_active 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=who].know.him|Ref=JOB_24:1!7|MId=o180240010073|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOB_24:1!8|MId=o180240010081|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 11 חָ֥זוּ חָזָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=have.they.seen?|Ref=JOB_24:1!9|MId=o180240010091|Strong=2372|Frame=A0:180240010072;A1:180240010101;|Type=qatal 12-13 יָמָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 יָמָֽי יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obj _ Gloss=days|Ref=JOB_24:1!10|MId=o180240010101|Strong=3117 13 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JOB_24:1!10|MId=o180240010102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 13 punct _ Ref=JOB_24:1!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** נִצְפְּנוּ *have they been stored up* | qatal · niphal | | עִתִּים *times* | | | | יֹדְעָי *\[those* | participle active · qal | | ו *who\] know him* | | | | **not** חָזוּ *have they seen?* | qatal · qal | יֹדְעָי *\[those* | יָמָֽי *days* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} מַדֵין מִשַׁדַי לָא אִתְטִישׁוּ עִדָנַיָא וּדְחַכִּימִין יָתִי לָא חָמִין יוֹמוֹי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Why are times not laid up by the Almighty?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.620/) 2. [And why do not they that know Him see His days?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.621/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOB:567`. - ← previous: [Job 23:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.23.17/) - next →: [Job 24:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.2/) - ↑ back to [Job 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/24/)