--- title: Job 24:12 — From out of the populous city men groan, and the soul of the wounded… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: From out of the populous city men groan, and the soul of the wounded crieth out; yet God imputeth it not for unseemliness. Who acts: men, soul, God. Job 24:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/24/) / 24:12 # Job 24:12 אִיּוֹב **Who acts:** men, soul, God · **What happens:** groan, cry out, not impute · **To what, where:** populous city, soul This is Job 24:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, soul, God — and what happens in the verse to populous city, soul, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 42 chapters of Job on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. מֵ֘עִ֤יר מְתִ֨ים ׀ יִנְאָ֗קוּ וְנֶֽפֶשׁ־חֲלָלִ֥ים תְּשַׁוֵּ֑עַ וֶ֝אֱל֗וֹהַּ לֹא־יָשִׂ֥ים תִּפְלָֽה׃ [From out of the populous city men groan, and the soul of the wounded crieth out; yet God imputeth it not for unseemliness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.632/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOB:578 # text = מֵ֘עִ֤יר מְתִ֨ים ׀ יִנְאָ֗קוּ וְנֶֽפֶשׁ־חֲלָלִ֥ים תְּשַׁוֵּ֑עַ וֶ֝אֱל֗וֹהַּ לֹא־יָשִׂ֥ים תִּפְלָֽה׃ # verse = JOB.24.12 1-2 מֵ֘עִ֤יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 מֵ֘ מִן ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=JOB_24:12!1|MId=o180240120011|Strong=4480 2 עִ֤יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=JOB_24:12!1|MId=o180240120012|Strong=5892 3 מְתִ֨ים מַת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=men|Ref=JOB_24:12!2|MId=o180240120021|Strong=4962 4 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ Ref=JOB_24:12!2 5 יִנְאָ֗קוּ נָאַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.groan|Ref=JOB_24:12!3|MId=o180240120031|Strong=5008|Frame=A0:180240120021;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 וְנֶֽפֶשׁ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=JOB_24:12!4|MId=o180240120041|Strong=2050b 7 נֶֽפֶשׁ־ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=throat|Ref=JOB_24:12!4|MId=o180240120042|Strong=5315 8 חֲלָלִ֥ים חָלָל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[those].fatally.wounded|Ref=JOB_24:12!5|MId=o180240120051|Strong=2491|Type=adjective 9 תְּשַׁוֵּ֑עַ שָׁוַע VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=it.cries.for.help|Ref=JOB_24:12!6|MId=o180240120061|Strong=7768|Frame=A0:180240120042;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 וֶ֝אֱל֗וֹהַּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וֶ֝ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_24:12!7|MId=o180240120071|Strong=2050b 11 אֱל֗וֹהַּ אֱלֹוהַּ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=JOB_24:12!7|MId=o180240120072|Strong=0433 12 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOB_24:12!8|MId=o180240120081|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 13 יָשִׂ֥ים שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=he.puts|Ref=JOB_24:12!9|MId=o180240120091|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:180240120072;A1:180240120101;|Type=yiqtol 14 תִּפְלָֽה תִּפְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=offensiveness|Ref=JOB_24:12!10|MId=o180240120101|Strong=8604|SpaceAfter=No 15 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 14 punct _ Ref=JOB_24:12!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִנְאָקוּ *they groan* | yiqtol · qal | מְתִים *men* | | | | | תְּשַׁוֵּעַ *it cries for help* | yiqtol · piel | נֶֽפֶשׁ־ *throat* | | | | | **not** יָשִׂים *he puts* | yiqtol · qal | אֱלוֹהַּ *God* | תִּפְלָֽה *offensiveness* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} מִקַרְתָּא בְּנֵי גָשָׁא נָהֲקִין וְנַפְשַׁת קָטוֹלִין בְּחַרְבָּא תַצְלֵי וֶאֱלָהָא לָא יְשַׁוֵי חוֹבָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [From out of the populous city men groan, and the soul of the wounded crieth out; yet God imputeth it not for unseemliness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.632/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOB:578`. - ← previous: [Job 24:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.11/) - next →: [Job 24:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.13/) - ↑ back to [Job 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/24/)