--- title: Job 24:18 — He is swift upon the face of the waters; their portion is cursed in… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: He is swift upon the face of the waters; their portion is cursed in the earth; he turneth not by the way of the vineyards. Who acts: God. Job 24:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/24/) / 24:18 # Job 24:18 אִיּוֹב **Who acts:** God · **What happens:** be, curse, not turn · **To what, where:** portion, earth This is Job 24:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God — and what happens in the verse to portion, earth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 42 chapters of Job on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. קַֽל־ה֤וּא ׀ עַל־פְּנֵי־מַ֗יִם תְּקֻלַּ֣ל חֶלְקָתָ֣ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ לֹֽא־יִ֝פְנֶה דֶּ֣רֶךְ כְּרָמִֽים׃ [He is swift upon the face of the waters; their portion is cursed in the earth; he turneth not by the way of the vineyards.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.638/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOB:584 # text = קַֽל־ה֤וּא ׀ עַל־פְּנֵי־מַ֗יִם תְּקֻלַּ֣ל חֶלְקָתָ֣ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ לֹֽא־יִ֝פְנֶה דֶּ֣רֶךְ כְּרָמִֽים׃ # verse = JOB.24.18 1 קַֽל־ קַל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[is].swift|Ref=JOB_24:18!1|MId=o180240180011|Strong=7031|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 2 ה֤וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 1 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JOB_24:18!2|MId=o180240180021|Strong=1931|Type=personal 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=JOB_24:18!2 4 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JOB_24:18!3|MId=o180240180031|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 5 פְּנֵי־ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 1 obl _ Gloss=[the].surface|Ref=JOB_24:18!4|MId=o180240180041|Strong=6440|SpaceAfter=No 6 מַ֗יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].waters|Ref=JOB_24:18!5|MId=o180240180051|Strong=4325 7 תְּקֻלַּ֣ל קָלַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=it.is.cursed|Ref=JOB_24:18!6|MId=o180240180061|Strong=7043|Frame=A1:180240180071;|Type=yiqtol 8-9 חֶלְקָתָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 חֶלְקָת חֶלְקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=portion|Ref=JOB_24:18!7|MId=o180240180071|Strong=2513 9 ָ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JOB_24:18!7|MId=o180240180072|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 10-12 בָּאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JOB_24:18!8|MId=o180240180081|Strong=0871a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JOB_24:18!8|MId=o180240180081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JOB_24:18!8|MId=o180240180082|Strong=0776 13 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JOB_24:18!9|MId=o180240180091|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 14 יִ֝פְנֶה פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=anyone.turns|Ref=JOB_24:18!10|MId=o180240180101|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:180240140031;180240140093;180240150021;|Type=yiqtol 15 דֶּ֣רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=the.direction|Ref=JOB_24:18!11|MId=o180240180111|Strong=1870 16 כְּרָמִֽים כֶּרֶם NOUN _ Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.vineyards|Ref=JOB_24:18!12|MId=o180240180121|Strong=3754|SpaceAfter=No 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=JOB_24:18!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תְּקֻלַּל *it is cursed* | yiqtol · pual | | חֶלְקָת *portion* | | | | **not** יִפְנֶה *anyone turns* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} קַלִיל הוּא לְמֵישַׁט עַל אַפֵּי מַיָא תְּהֵי לִיט אוֹרְחָא שְׁעִיעַתְהוֹן בְּאַרְעָא לָא יִסְכֵּי שְׁבִיל כַּרְמַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [He is swift upon the face of the waters; their portion is cursed in the earth; he turneth not by the way of the vineyards.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.638/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOB:584`. - ← previous: [Job 24:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.17/) - next →: [Job 24:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.19/) - ↑ back to [Job 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/24/)