--- title: Job 33:18 — That He may keep back his soul from the pit, and his life from peris… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: That He may keep back his soul from the pit, and his life from perishing by the sword. Who acts: man, life. Job 33:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.33.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / [chapter 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/33/) / 33:18 # Job 33:18 אִיּוֹב **Who acts:** man, life · **What happens:** keep back, perish · **To what, where:** soul, pit This is Job 33:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, life — and what happens in the verse to soul, pit, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 42 chapters of Job on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יַחְשֹׂ֣ךְ נַ֭פְשׁוֹ מִנִּי־שָׁ֑חַת וְ֝חַיָּת֗וֹ מֵעֲבֹ֥ר בַּשָּֽׁלַח׃ [That He may keep back his soul from the pit, and his life from perishing by the sword.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.862/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JOB:798 # text = יַחְשֹׂ֣ךְ נַ֭פְשׁוֹ מִנִּי־שָׁ֑חַת וְ֝חַיָּת֗וֹ מֵעֲבֹ֥ר בַּשָּֽׁלַח׃ # verse = JOB.33.18 1 יַחְשֹׂ֣ךְ חָשַׂךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.keep.back|Ref=JOB_33:18!1|MId=o180330180011|Strong=2820|Frame=A0:180330140041;A1:180330180021;|Type=yiqtol 2-3 נַ֭פְשׁוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 נַ֭פְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 1 obj _ Gloss=life|Ref=JOB_33:18!2|MId=o180330180021|Strong=5315 3 וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JOB_33:18!2|MId=o180330180022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 4 מִנִּי־ מִן ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOB_33:18!3|MId=o180330180031|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 5 שָׁ֑חַת שַׁחַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=[the].pit|Ref=JOB_33:18!4|MId=o180330180041|Strong=7845 6-8 וְ֝חַיָּת֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ֝ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JOB_33:18!5|MId=o180330180051|Strong=2050b 7 חַיָּת חַיָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=life|Ref=JOB_33:18!5|MId=o180330180052|Strong=2416d 8 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JOB_33:18!5|MId=o180330180053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9-10 מֵעֲבֹ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=JOB_33:18!6|MId=o180330180061|Strong=4480 10 עֲבֹ֥ר עָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 advcl _ Gloss=passing.away|Ref=JOB_33:18!6|MId=o180330180062|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:180330180052;|Type=infinitive_construct 11-13 בַּשָּֽׁלַח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=JOB_33:18!7|MId=o180330180071|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=JOB_33:18!7|MId=o180330180071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 שָּֽׁלַח שֶׁלַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=missile|Ref=JOB_33:18!7|MId=o180330180072|Strong=7973a 14 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 13 punct _ Ref=JOB_33:18!7 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַחְשֹׂךְ *he will keep back* | yiqtol · qal | | נַפְשׁ *life* | | | | עֲבֹר *passing away* | infinitive construct · qal | חַיָּת *life* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} יִמְנַע נַפְשֵׁיהּ מִן שׁוּחֲתָא וְחַיוֹ מִן לְמֶעְבַּר בְּשִׁלְחָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [That He may keep back his soul from the pit, and his life from perishing by the sword.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.862/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JOB:798`. - ← previous: [Job 33:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.33.17/) - next →: [Job 33:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.33.19/) - ↑ back to [Job 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/33/)