--- title: Job 31 — the Tanakh in Hebrew, Aramaic and English, with trees description: Job chapter 31 of the Tanakh (Ketuvim — the Writings) in Hebrew, Aramaic (the Targum) and English (JPS 1917), every verse with its syntax tree and pragmatics. It begins: I made a covenant with mine eyes; how then should I look upon a maid? --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / chapter 31 # Job 31 40 verses, each with its tree and pragmatics: Hebrew, Aramaic (the Targum) and English (JPS 1917), the English sentence by sentence. - [31:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.1/) — בְּרִית כָּרַתִּי לְעֵינָי וּמָה אֶתְבּוֹנֵן עַל־בְּתוּלָֽה׃ — I made a covenant with mine eyes; how then should I look upon a maid? - [31:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.2/) — וּמֶה ׀ חֵלֶק אֱלוֹהַּ מִמָּעַל וְֽנַחֲלַת שַׁדַּי מִמְּרֹמִֽים׃ — For what would be the portion of God from above, and the heritage of the Almighty from on high? - [31:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.3/) — הֲלֹא־אֵיד לְעַוָּל וְנֵכֶר לְפֹעֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃ — Is it not calamity to the unrighteous, and disaster to the workers of iniquity? - [31:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.4/) — הֲלֹא־הוּאיִרְאֶה דְרָכָי וְֽכָל־צְעָדַי יִסְפּֽוֹר׃ — Doth not He see my ways, and count all my steps? - [31:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.5/) — אִם־הָלַכְתִּי עִם־שָׁוְא וַתַּחַשׁ עַל־מִרְמָה רַגְלִֽי׃ — If I have walked with vanity, and my foot hath hasted to deceit — - [31:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.6/) — יִשְׁקְלֵנִי בְמֹאזְנֵי־צֶדֶק וְיֵדַע אֱלוֹהַּ תֻּמָּתִֽי׃ — Let me be weighed in a just balance, that God may know mine integrity — - [31:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.7/) — אִם תִּטֶּה אַשֻּׁרִי מִנִּי הַדָּרֶךְ וְאַחַר עֵינַי הָלַךְ לִבִּי וּבְכַפַּי דָּבַק מֻאֽוּם׃ — If my step hath turned out of the way, and my heart walked after mine eyes, and if any spot hath cleaved to my hands; - [31:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.8/) — אֶזְרְעָה וְאַחֵר יֹאכֵל וְֽצֶאֱצָאַי יְשֹׁרָֽשׁוּ׃ — Then let me sow, and let another eat; yea, let the produce of my field be rooted out. - [31:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.9/) — אִם־נִפְתָּה לִבִּי עַל־אִשָּׁה וְעַל־פֶּתַח רֵעִי אָרָֽבְתִּי׃ — If my heart have been enticed unto a woman, and I have lain in wait at my neighbour's door; - [31:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.10/) — תִּטְחַן לְאַחֵר אִשְׁתִּי וְעָלֶיהָ יִכְרְעוּן אֲחֵרִֽין׃ — Then let my wife grind unto another, and let others bow down upon her. - [31:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.11/) — כִּי־הִיא זִמָּה וְהוּא עָוֺן פְּלִילִֽים׃ — For that were a heinous crime; yea, it were an iniquity to be punished by the judges. - [31:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.12/) — כִּי אֵשׁ הִיא עַד־אֲבַדּוֹן תֹּאכֵל וּֽבְכָל־תְּבוּאָתִי תְשָׁרֵֽשׁ׃ — For it is a fire that consumeth unto destruction, and would root out all mine increase. - [31:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.13/) — אִם־אֶמְאַס מִשְׁפַּט עַבְדִּי וַאֲמָתִי בְּרִבָם עִמָּדִֽי׃ — If I did despise the cause of my man-servant, or of my maid-servant, when they contended with me — - [31:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.14/) — וּמָה אֶֽעֱשֶׂה כִּֽי־יָקוּם אֵל וְכִֽי־יִפְקֹד מָה אֲשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ׃ — What then shall I do when God riseth up? And when He remembereth, what shall I answer Him? - [31:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.15/) — הֲ‍ֽלֹא־בַבֶּטֶן עֹשֵׂנִי עָשָׂהוּ וַיְכֻנֶנּוּ בָּרֶחֶם אֶחָֽד׃ — Did not He that made me in the womb make him? And did not One fashion us in the womb? - [31:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.16/) — אִם־אֶמְנַע מֵחֵפֶץ דַּלִּים וְעֵינֵי אַלְמָנָה אֲכַלֶּֽה׃ — If I have withheld aught that the poor desired, or have caused the eyes of the widow to fail; - [31:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.17/) — וְאֹכַל פִּתִּי לְבַדִּי וְלֹא־אָכַל יָתוֹם מִמֶּֽנָּה׃ — Or have eaten my morsel myself alone, and the fatherless hath not eaten thereof — - [31:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.18/) — כִּי מִנְּעוּרַי גְּדֵלַנִי כְאָב וּמִבֶּטֶן אִמִּי אַנְחֶֽנָּה׃ — Nay, from my youth he grew up with me as with a father, and I have been her guide from my mother's womb. - [31:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.19/) — אִם־אֶרְאֶה אוֹבֵדמִבְּלִי לְבוּשׁ וְאֵין כְּסוּת לָאֶבְיֽוֹן׃ — If I have seen any wanderer in want of clothing, or that the needy had no covering; - [31:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.20/) — אִם־לֹא בֵרֲכוּנִי חֲלָצָיו וּמִגֵּז כְּבָשַׂי יִתְחַמָּֽם׃ — If his loins have not blessed me, and if he were not warmed with the fleece of my sheep; - [31:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.21/) — אִם־הֲנִיפוֹתִי עַל־יָתוֹם יָדִי כִּֽי־אֶרְאֶה בַשַּׁעַר עֶזְרָתִֽי׃ — If I have lifted up my hand against the fatherless, because I saw my help in the gate; - [31:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.22/) — כְּתֵפִי מִשִּׁכְמָה תִפּוֹל וְאֶזְרֹעִי מִקָּנָה תִשָּׁבֵֽר׃ — Then let my shoulder fall from the shoulder-blade, and mine arm be broken from the bone. - [31:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.23/) — כִּי פַחַד אֵלַי אֵיד אֵל וּמִשְּׂאֵתוֹ לֹא אוּכָֽל׃ — For calamity from God was a terror to me, and by reason of His majesty I could do nothing. - [31:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.24/) — אִם־שַׂמְתִּי זָהָב כִּסְלִי וְלַכֶּתֶם אָמַרְתִּי מִבְטַחִֽי׃ — If I have made gold my hope, and have said to the fine gold: 'Thou art my confidence'; - [31:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.25/) — אִם־אֶשְׂמַח כִּי־רַב חֵילִי וְכִֽי־כַבִּיר מָצְאָה יָדִֽי׃ — If I rejoiced because my wealth was great, and because my hand had gotten much; - [31:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.26/) — אִם־אֶרְאֶה אוֹר כִּי יָהֵל וְיָרֵחַ יָקָר הֹלֵֽךְ׃ — If I beheld the sun when it shined, or the moon walking in brightness; - [31:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.27/) — וַיִּפְתְּ בַּסֵּתֶר לִבִּי וַתִּשַּׁק יָדִי לְפִֽי׃ — And my heart hath been secretly enticed, and my mouth hath kissed my hand; - [31:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.28/) — גַּם־הוּאעָוֺן פְּלִילִי כִּֽי־כִחַשְׁתִּי לָאֵל מִמָּֽעַל׃ — This also were an iniquity to be punished by the judges; for I should have lied to God that is above. - [31:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.29/) — אִם־אֶשְׂמַח בְּפִיד מְשַׂנְאִי וְהִתְעֹרַרְתִּי כִּֽי־מְצָאוֹ רָֽע׃ — If I rejoiced at the destruction of him that hated me, or exulted when evil found him — - [31:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.30/) — וְלֹא־נָתַתִּי לַחֲטֹא חִכִּי לִשְׁאֹל בְּאָלָה נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃ — Yea, I suffered not my mouth to sin by asking his life with a curse. - [31:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.31/) — אִם־לֹא אָמְרוּ מְתֵי אָהֳלִי מִֽי־יִתֵּן מִבְּשָׂרוֹ לֹא נִשְׂבָּֽע׃ — If the men of my tent said not: 'Who can find one that hath not been satisfied with his meat?' - [31:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.32/) — בַּחוּץ לֹא־יָלִין גֵּר דְּלָתַי לָאֹרַח אֶפְתָּֽח׃ — The stranger did not lodge in the street; my doors I opened to the roadside. - [31:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.33/) — אִם־כִּסִּיתִי כְאָדָם פְּשָׁעָי לִטְמוֹן בְּחֻבִּי עֲוֺֽנִי׃ — If after the manner of men I covered my transgressions, by hiding mine iniquity in my bosom — - [31:34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.34/) — כִּי אֶֽעֱרוֹץ ׀ הָמוֹן רַבָּה וּבוּז־מִשְׁפָּחוֹת יְחִתֵּנִי וָאֶדֹּם לֹא־אֵצֵא פָֽתַח׃ — Because I feared the great multitude, and the most contemptible among families terrified me, so that I kept silence, and went not out of the door. - [31:35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.35/) — מִי יִתֶּן־לִי ׀ שֹׁמֵעַֽ לִי הֶן־תָּוִי שַׁדַּי יַעֲנֵנִי וְסֵפֶר כָּתַב אִישׁ רִיבִֽי׃ — Oh that I had one to hear me! — Lo, here is my signature, let the Almighty answer me — and that I had the indictment which mine adversary hath written! - [31:36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.36/) — אִם־לֹא עַל־שִׁכְמִי אֶשָּׂאֶנּוּ אֶֽעֶנְדֶנּוּ עֲטָרוֹת לִֽי׃ — Surely I would carry it upon my shoulder; I would bind it unto me as a crown. - [31:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.37/) — מִסְפַּר צְעָדַי אַגִּידֶנּוּ כְּמוֹ־נָגִיד אֲקָרֲבֶֽנּוּ׃ — I would declare unto him the number of my steps; as a prince would I go near unto him. - [31:38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.38/) — אִם־עָלַי אַדְמָתִי תִזְעָק וְיַחַד תְּלָמֶיהָ יִבְכָּיֽוּן׃ — If my land cry out against me, and the furrows thereof weep together; - [31:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.39/) — אִם־כֹּחָהּאָכַלְתִּי בְלִי־כָסֶף וְנֶפֶשׁ בְּעָלֶיהָ הִפָּֽחְתִּי׃ — If I have eaten the fruits thereof without money, or have caused the tillers thereof to be disappointed — - [31:40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.40/) — תַּחַת חִטָּה ׀ יֵצֵא חוֹחַ וְתַֽחַת־שְׂעֹרָה בָאְשָׁה תַּמּוּ דִּבְרֵי אִיּֽוֹב׃פ — Let thistles grow instead of wheat, and noisome weeds instead of barley. The words of Job are ended. - ← previous: [Job 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/30/) - next →: [Job 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/32/) - ↑ back to [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/)