--- title: Lamentations 1:12 — 'Let it not come unto you, all ye that pass by! Behold, and see if t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: 'Let it not come unto you, all ye that pass by! Behold, and see if there be any pain like unto my pain, which is done unto me, wherewith the LORD hath afflicted me in the day of His fierce anger. Who acts: you, soul, pain, LORD. Lamentations 1:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Lamentations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/1/) / 1:12 # Lamentations 1:12 אֵיכָה **Who acts:** you, soul, pain, LORD, my · **What happens:** let, not come, pass by, see, be, do · **To what, where:** pain, me This is Lamentations 1:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, soul, pain, LORD, my — and what happens in the verse to pain, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 5 chapters of Lamentations on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. ל֣וֹא אֲלֵיכֶם֮ כָּל־עֹ֣בְרֵי דֶרֶךְ֒ הַבִּ֣יטוּ וּרְא֗וּ אִם־יֵ֤שׁ מַכְאוֹב֙ כְּמַכְאֹבִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר עוֹלַ֖ל לִ֑י אֲשֶׁר֙ הוֹגָ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה בְּי֖וֹם חֲר֥וֹן אַפּֽוֹ׃ס ['Let it not come unto you, all ye that pass by!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.13/) [Behold, and see if there be any pain like unto my pain, which is done unto me, wherewith the LORD hath afflicted me in the day of His fierce anger.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.14/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LAM:11 # text = ל֣וֹא אֲלֵיכֶם֮ כָּל־עֹ֣בְרֵי דֶרֶךְ֒ הַבִּ֣יטוּ וּרְא֗וּ אִם־יֵ֤שׁ מַכְאוֹב֙ כְּמַכְאֹבִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר עוֹלַ֖ל לִ֑י אֲשֶׁר֙ הוֹגָ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה בְּי֖וֹם חֲר֥וֹן אַפּֽוֹ׃ס # verse = LAM.1.12 1 ל֣וֹא לֹא ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=LAM_1:12!1|MId=o250010120011|Strong=3808|Type=negative 2-3 אֲלֵיכֶם֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LAM_1:12!2|MId=o250010120021|Strong=0413 3 כֶם֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 0 root _ Gloss=you|Ref=LAM_1:12!2|MId=o250010120022|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 4 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Gloss=O.all|Ref=LAM_1:12!3|MId=o250010120031|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 5 עֹ֣בְרֵי עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=[you.who].pass.by|Ref=LAM_1:12!4|MId=o250010120041|Strong=5674|Type=participle_active 6 דֶרֶךְ֒ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].road|Ref=LAM_1:12!5|MId=o250010120051|Strong=1870 7 הַבִּ֣יטוּ נָבַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 3 parataxis _ Gloss=look|Ref=LAM_1:12!6|MId=o250010120061|Strong=5027|Frame=A0:250010120041;|Type=imperative 8-9 וּרְא֗וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LAM_1:12!7|MId=o250010120071|Strong=2050b 9 רְא֗וּ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 7 conj _ Gloss=see|Ref=LAM_1:12!7|MId=o250010120072|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:250010120041;|Type=imperative 10 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=LAM_1:12!8|MId=o250010120081|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 11 יֵ֤שׁ יֵשׁ ADV _ _ 3 parataxis _ Gloss=there.[is]|Ref=LAM_1:12!9|MId=o250010120091|Strong=3426|Type=demonstrative 12 מַכְאוֹב֙ מַכְאוֹב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=pain|Ref=LAM_1:12!10|MId=o250010120101|Strong=4341 13-15 כְּמַכְאֹבִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=LAM_1:12!11|MId=o250010120111|Strong=3509a 14 מַכְאֹב מַכְאוֹב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=pain|Ref=LAM_1:12!11|MId=o250010120112|Strong=4341 15 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=LAM_1:12!11|MId=o250010120113|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 16 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=LAM_1:12!12|MId=o250010120121|Strong=0834|Type=relative 17 עוֹלַ֖ל עָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=POAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 14 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it.has.been.done|Ref=LAM_1:12!13|MId=o250010120131|Strong=5953|Frame=A0:250010120112;|Type=qatal 18-19 לִ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 ל לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LAM_1:12!14|MId=o250010120141|Strong=3807a 19 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=LAM_1:12!14|MId=o250010120142|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 20 אֲשֶׁר֙ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=LAM_1:12!15|MId=o250010120151|Strong=0834|Type=relative 21 הוֹגָ֣ה יָגָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 14 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.caused.grief|Ref=LAM_1:12!16|MId=o250010120161|Strong=3013|Frame=AA:250010120171;A0:250010120112;|Type=qatal 22 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 21 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=LAM_1:12!17|MId=o250010120171|Strong=3068 23-24 בְּי֖וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=LAM_1:12!18|MId=o250010120181|Strong=0871a 24 י֖וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=the.day|Ref=LAM_1:12!18|MId=o250010120182|Strong=3117 25 חֲר֥וֹן חָרוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.burning|Ref=LAM_1:12!19|MId=o250010120191|Strong=2740 26-27 אַפּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אַפּ אַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.anger|Ref=LAM_1:12!20|MId=o250010120201|Strong=0639 27 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=LAM_1:12!20|MId=o250010120202|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=LAM_1:12!20|SpaceAfter=No 29 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=LAM_1:12!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַבִּיטוּ *look* | imperative · hiphil | עֹבְרֵי *\[you who\] pass by* | | | | | רְאוּ *see* | imperative · qal | עֹבְרֵי *\[you who\] pass by* | | | | | עוֹלַל *it has been done* | qatal · poal | מַכְאֹב *pain* | | | | | הוֹגָה *he has caused grief* | qatal · hiphil | מַכְאֹב *pain* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אַשְׁבְּעִית לְכוֹן כָּל דְעָבְרִין בְּאוֹרְחָא זוּרוּ הָכָא אִסְתַּכְּלוּ וַחֲזוּ אִין אִית כֵּיבָא כְּכֵיבִי דְאִסְתְּקִיף לִי דִתְבַר יְיָ יָתִי בְּיוֹם תְּקוֹף רוּגְזֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. ['Let it not come unto you, all ye that pass by!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.13/) 2. [Behold, and see if there be any pain like unto my pain, which is done unto me, wherewith the LORD hath afflicted me in the day of His fierce anger.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.14/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LAM:11`. - ← previous: [Lamentations 1:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.11/) - next →: [Lamentations 1:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.13/) - ↑ back to [Lamentations 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/1/)