--- title: Lamentations 1:22 — Let all their wickedness come before Thee; and do unto them, as Thou… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Let all their wickedness come before Thee; and do unto them, as Thou hast done unto me for all my transgressions; for my sighs are many and my heart is faint.' Who acts: wickedness, Thou, sighs, heart. Lamentations 1:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Lamentations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/1/) / 1:22 # Lamentations 1:22 אֵיכָה **Who acts:** wickedness, Thou, sighs, heart, my · **What happens:** let, come, do, be, transgress, sigh · **To what, where:** Thee This is Lamentations 1:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wickedness, Thou, sighs, heart, my — and what happens in the verse to Thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 5 chapters of Lamentations on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. תָּבֹ֨א כָל־רָעָתָ֤ם לְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙ וְעוֹלֵ֣ל לָ֔מוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עוֹלַ֛לְתָּ לִ֖י עַ֣ל כָּל־פְּשָׁעָ֑י כִּֽי־רַבּ֥וֹת אַנְחֹתַ֖י וְלִבִּ֥י דַוָּֽי׃פ [Let all their wickedness come before Thee; and do unto them, as Thou hast done unto me for all my transgressions; for my sighs are many and my heart is faint.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.25/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LAM:21 # text = תָּבֹ֨א כָל־רָעָתָ֤ם לְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙ וְעוֹלֵ֣ל לָ֔מוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עוֹלַ֛לְתָּ לִ֖י עַ֣ל כָּל־פְּשָׁעָ֑י כִּֽי־רַבּ֥וֹת אַנְחֹתַ֖י וְלִבִּ֥י דַוָּֽי׃פ # verse = LAM.1.22 1 תָּבֹ֨א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=may.it.come|Ref=LAM_1:22!1|MId=o250010220011|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:250010220031;|Type=yiqtol 2 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=LAM_1:22!2|MId=o250010220021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 3-4 רָעָתָ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 רָעָת רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=wickedness|Ref=LAM_1:22!3|MId=o250010220031|Strong=7451b 4 ָ֤ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=LAM_1:22!3|MId=o250010220032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5-7 לְפָנֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=LAM_1:22!4|MId=o250010220041|Strong=3807a 6 פָנֶ֙י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 1 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=LAM_1:22!4|MId=o250010220042|Strong=6440 7 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=LAM_1:22!4|MId=o250010220043|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8-9 וְעוֹלֵ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LAM_1:22!5|MId=o250010220051|Strong=2050b 9 עוֹלֵ֣ל עָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=POEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=deal.severely|Ref=LAM_1:22!5|MId=o250010220052|Strong=5953|Frame=A0:250010200021;|Type=imperative 10-11 לָ֔מוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לָ֔ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LAM_1:22!6|MId=o250010220061|Strong=3807z 11 מוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=LAM_1:22!6|MId=o250010220062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12-13 כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=LAM_1:22!7|MId=o250010220071|Strong=3509a 13 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=LAM_1:22!7|MId=o250010220072|Strong=0834|Type=relative 14 עוֹלַ֛לְתָּ עָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=POEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.have.dealt.severely|Ref=LAM_1:22!8|MId=o250010220081|Strong=5953|Frame=A0:250010200021;|Type=qatal 15-16 לִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ל לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LAM_1:22!9|MId=o250010220091|Strong=3807a 16 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=LAM_1:22!9|MId=o250010220092|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 17 עַ֣ל עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=LAM_1:22!10|MId=o250010220101|Strong=5921 18 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=LAM_1:22!11|MId=o250010220111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 פְּשָׁעָ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 פְּשָׁע פֶּשַׁע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=transgressions|Ref=LAM_1:22!12|MId=o250010220121|Strong=6588 20 ָ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=LAM_1:22!12|MId=o250010220122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=LAM_1:22!13|MId=o250010220131|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 22 רַבּ֥וֹת רַב ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 1 advcl _ Gloss=[are].many|Ref=LAM_1:22!14|MId=o250010220141|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 23-24 אַנְחֹתַ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אַנְחֹת אֲנָחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ Gloss=groaning(s)|Ref=LAM_1:22!15|MId=o250010220151|Strong=0585 24 ַ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=LAM_1:22!15|MId=o250010220152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25-27 וְלִבִּ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LAM_1:22!16|MId=o250010220161|Strong=2050b 26 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=LAM_1:22!16|MId=o250010220162|Strong=3820 27 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=LAM_1:22!16|MId=o250010220163|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 28 דַוָּֽי דַּוָּי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=[is].faint|Ref=LAM_1:22!17|MId=o250010220171|Strong=1742|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=LAM_1:22!17|SpaceAfter=No 30 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=LAM_1:22!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תָּבֹא *may it come* | yiqtol · qal | רָעָת *wickedness* | | | | | עוֹלֵל *deal severely* | imperative · poel | | | | | | עוֹלַלְתָּ *you have dealt severely* | qatal · poel | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} תֵּיעוּל לְיוֹם דִינָא רַבָּא כָּל בִּישַׁתְהוֹן דִּי אַבְאִישׁוּ לִי קֳדָמָךְ וְתִסְתָּקַף לְהוֹן הֵיכְמָא דְאִסְתְּקַפְתָּא עָלַי עַל כָּל סְגִיאוּת מְרוֹדִי אֲרוּם סַגִּיאוּ אַנְחָתַי וְלִבִּי חַלִּישׁ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Let all their wickedness come before Thee; and do unto them, as Thou hast done unto me for all my transgressions; for my sighs are many and my heart is faint.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.25/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LAM:21`. - ← previous: [Lamentations 1:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.21/) - next →: [Lamentations 2:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.2.1/) - ↑ back to [Lamentations 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/1/)