--- title: Lamentations 2:11 — Mine eyes do fail with tears, mine inwards burn, my liver is poured… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Mine eyes do fail with tears, mine inwards burn, my liver is poured upon the earth, for the breach of the daughter of my people; because the young children and the sucklings swoon in the broad places of the city. Who acts: eyes, inwards, young children. Lamentations 2:11 in Hebrew with its dependenc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.2.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Lamentations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/2/) / 2:11 # Lamentations 2:11 אֵיכָה **Who acts:** eyes, inwards, young children · **What happens:** fail, burn, pour, swoon, breach · **To what, where:** liver, broad places, daughter This is Lamentations 2:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — eyes, inwards, young children — and what happens in the verse to liver, broad places, daughter, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 5 chapters of Lamentations on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כָּל֨וּ בַדְּמָע֤וֹת עֵינַי֙ חֳמַרְמְר֣וּ מֵעַ֔י נִשְׁפַּ֤ךְ לָאָ֙רֶץ֙ כְּבֵדִ֔י עַל־שֶׁ֖בֶר בַּת־עַמִּ֑י בֵּֽעָטֵ֤ף עוֹלֵל֙ וְיוֹנֵ֔ק בִּרְחֹב֖וֹת קִרְיָֽה׃ס [Mine eyes do fail with tears, mine inwards burn, my liver is poured upon the earth, for the breach of the daughter of my people; because the young children and the sucklings swoon in the broad places of the city.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.37/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LAM:32 # text = כָּל֨וּ בַדְּמָע֤וֹת עֵינַי֙ חֳמַרְמְר֣וּ מֵעַ֔י נִשְׁפַּ֤ךְ לָאָ֙רֶץ֙ כְּבֵדִ֔י עַל־שֶׁ֖בֶר בַּת־עַמִּ֑י בֵּֽעָטֵ֤ף עוֹלֵל֙ וְיוֹנֵ֔ק בִּרְחֹב֖וֹת קִרְיָֽה׃ס # verse = LAM.2.11 1 כָּל֨וּ כָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.have.failed|Ref=LAM_2:11!1|MId=o250020110011|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:250020110031;|Type=qatal 2-4 בַדְּמָע֤וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=LAM_2:11!2|MId=o250020110021|Strong=0871a 3 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=LAM_2:11!2|MId=o250020110021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 דְּמָע֤וֹת דִּמְעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 1 obl _ Gloss=tears|Ref=LAM_2:11!2|MId=o250020110022|Strong=1832 5-6 עֵינַי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 עֵינ עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 1 nsubj _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=LAM_2:11!3|MId=o250020110031|Strong=5869 6 ַי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=LAM_2:11!3|MId=o250020110032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7 חֳמַרְמְר֣וּ חָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PEALAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=they.are.in.turmoil|Ref=LAM_2:11!4|MId=o250020110041|Strong=2560|Frame=A0:250020110051;|Type=qatal 8-9 מֵעַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מֵע מֵעִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=parts|Ref=LAM_2:11!5|MId=o250020110051|Strong=4578 9 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my.inward|Ref=LAM_2:11!5|MId=o250020110052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 10 נִשְׁפַּ֤ךְ שָׁפַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=it.has.been.poured.out|Ref=LAM_2:11!6|MId=o250020110061|Strong=8210|Frame=A1:250020110081;|Type=qatal 11-13 לָאָ֙רֶץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LAM_2:11!7|MId=o250020110071|Strong=3807a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=LAM_2:11!7|MId=o250020110071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 אָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=LAM_2:11!7|MId=o250020110072|Strong=0776 14-15 כְּבֵדִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 כְּבֵד כָּבֵד NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=liver|Ref=LAM_2:11!8|MId=o250020110081|Strong=3516 15 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=LAM_2:11!8|MId=o250020110082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 16 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=LAM_2:11!9|MId=o250020110091|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 17 שֶׁ֖בֶר שֶׁבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.brokenness|Ref=LAM_2:11!10|MId=o250020110101|Strong=7667 18 בַּת־ בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.daughter|Ref=LAM_2:11!11|MId=o250020110111|Strong=1323|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 עַמִּ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.people|Ref=LAM_2:11!12|MId=o250020110121|Strong=5971 20 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=LAM_2:11!12|MId=o250020110122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21-22 בֵּֽעָטֵ֤ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בֵּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=LAM_2:11!13|MId=o250020110131|Strong=0871a 22 עָטֵ֤ף עָטַף VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 10 advcl _ Gloss=grow.faint|Ref=LAM_2:11!13|MId=o250020110132|Strong=5848a|Frame=A0:250020110141;250020110152;|Type=infinitive_construct 23 עוֹלֵל֙ עוֹלֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=child|Ref=LAM_2:11!14|MId=o250020110141|Strong=5768 24-25 וְיוֹנֵ֔ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LAM_2:11!15|MId=o250020110151|Strong=2050b 25 יוֹנֵ֔ק יָנַק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=sucking.child|Ref=LAM_2:11!15|MId=o250020110152|Strong=3126|Type=participle_active 26-27 בִּרְחֹב֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=LAM_2:11!16|MId=o250020110161|Strong=0871a 27 רְחֹב֖וֹת רְחֹב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 22 obl _ Gloss=open.places|Ref=LAM_2:11!16|MId=o250020110162|Strong=7339 28 קִרְיָֽה קִרְיָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.town|Ref=LAM_2:11!17|MId=o250020110171|Strong=7151|SpaceAfter=No 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=LAM_2:11!17|SpaceAfter=No 30 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=LAM_2:11!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | כָּלוּ *they have failed* | qatal · qal | עֵינ *eyes* | | | | | חֳמַרְמְרוּ *they are in turmoil* | qatal · pealal | מֵע *parts* | | | | | נִשְׁפַּךְ *it has been poured out* | qatal · niphal | | כְּבֵד *liver* | | | | עָטֵף *grow faint* | infinitive construct · niphal | עוֹלֵל *child* + יוֹנֵק *sucking child* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} סַפָּקוּ בִדְמָעָן עֵינַי אִידְגָארָן מֵעַי אִתְּשַׁד לְאַרְעָא כְבֵדִי עַל תְּבִיר כְּנִשְׁתָּא דְעַמִּי כְדוֹ דְצָחוּ עוּלְמַיָּא וְיַנְקַיָּא בִּפְתָאוּת קַרְתָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Mine eyes do fail with tears, mine inwards burn, my liver is poured upon the earth, for the breach of the daughter of my people; because the young children and the sucklings swoon in the broad places of the city.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.37/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LAM:32`. - ← previous: [Lamentations 2:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.2.10/) - next →: [Lamentations 2:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.2.12/) - ↑ back to [Lamentations 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/2/)