--- title: Nehemiah 10:30 — they cleaved to their brethren, their nobles, and entered into a cur… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: they cleaved to their brethren, their nobles, and entered into a curse, and into an oath, to walk in God's law, which was given by Moses the servant of God, and to observe and do all the commandments of the LORD our Lord, and His ordinances and His statutes; Who acts: knowledge, Moses, God. Nehemiah --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.10.30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/10/) / 10:30 # Nehemiah 10:30 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** knowledge, Moses, God · **What happens:** cleave, enter, walk, give, observe, do · **To what, where:** curse, law, commandments, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Nehemiah 10:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — knowledge, Moses, God — and what happens in the verse to curse, law, commandments, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. מַחֲזִיקִ֣ים עַל־אֲחֵיהֶם֮ אַדִּירֵיהֶם֒ וּבָאִ֞ים בְּאָלָ֣ה וּבִשְׁבוּעָ֗ה לָלֶ֙כֶת֙ בְּתוֹרַ֣ת הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִתְּנָ֔ה בְּיַ֖ד מֹשֶׁ֣ה עֶֽבֶד־הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְלִשְׁמ֣וֹר וְלַעֲשׂ֗וֹת אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺת֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֲדֹנֵ֔ינוּ וּמִשְׁפָּטָ֖יו וְחֻקָּֽיו׃ [they cleaved to their brethren, their nobles, and entered into a curse, and into an oath, to walk in God's law, which was given by Moses the servant of God, and to observe and do all the commandments of the LORD our Lord, and His ordinances and His statutes;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.309/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:280 # text = מַחֲזִיקִ֣ים עַל־אֲחֵיהֶם֮ אַדִּירֵיהֶם֒ וּבָאִ֞ים בְּאָלָ֣ה וּבִשְׁבוּעָ֗ה לָלֶ֙כֶת֙ בְּתוֹרַ֣ת הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִתְּנָ֔ה בְּיַ֖ד מֹשֶׁ֣ה עֶֽבֶד־הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְלִשְׁמ֣וֹר וְלַעֲשׂ֗וֹת אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺת֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֲדֹנֵ֔ינוּ וּמִשְׁפָּטָ֖יו וְחֻקָּֽיו׃ # verse = NEH.10.30 1 מַחֲזִיקִ֣ים חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[are].holding|Ref=NEH_10:30!1|MId=o160100300011|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:160100290012;|Type=participle_active 2 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NEH_10:30!2|MId=o160100300021|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 3-4 אֲחֵיהֶם֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲחֵי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 obl _ Gloss=countrymen|Ref=NEH_10:30!3|MId=o160100300031|Strong=0251 4 הֶם֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=NEH_10:30!3|MId=o160100300032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5-6 אַדִּירֵיהֶם֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אַדִּירֵי אַדִּיר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 appos _ Gloss=their.noble|Ref=NEH_10:30!4|MId=o160100300041|Strong=0117|Type=adjective 6 הֶם֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[ones]|Ref=NEH_10:30!4|MId=o160100300042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 7-8 וּבָאִ֞ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:30!5|MId=o160100300051|Strong=2050b 8 בָאִ֞ים בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 1 conj _ Gloss=[they.are].going|Ref=NEH_10:30!5|MId=o160100300052|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:160100290012;160100300031;|Type=participle_active 9-10 בְּאָלָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NEH_10:30!6|MId=o160100300061|Strong=0871a 10 אָלָ֣ה אָלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=a.curse|Ref=NEH_10:30!6|MId=o160100300062|Strong=0423 11-13 וּבִשְׁבוּעָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:30!7|MId=o160100300071|Strong=2050b 12 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NEH_10:30!7|MId=o160100300072|Strong=0871a 13 שְׁבוּעָ֗ה שְׁבוּעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 conj _ Gloss=an.oath|Ref=NEH_10:30!7|MId=o160100300073|Strong=7621 14-15 לָלֶ֙כֶת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_10:30!8|MId=o160100300081|Strong=3807a 15 לֶ֙כֶת֙ הלך VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 8 advcl _ Gloss=walk|Ref=NEH_10:30!8|MId=o160100300082|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:160100290012;160100300031;|Type=infinitive_construct 16-17 בְּתוֹרַ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NEH_10:30!9|MId=o160100300091|Strong=0871a 17 תוֹרַ֣ת תּוֹרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=the.law|Ref=NEH_10:30!9|MId=o160100300092|Strong=8451 18-19 הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=NEH_10:30!10|MId=o160100300101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=NEH_10:30!10|MId=o160100300102|Strong=0430 20 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NEH_10:30!11|MId=o160100300111|Strong=0834|Type=relative 21 נִתְּנָ֔ה נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it.was.given|Ref=NEH_10:30!12|MId=o160100300121|Strong=5414|Frame=A1:160100300092;|Type=qatal 22-23 בְּיַ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=NEH_10:30!13|MId=o160100300131|Strong=0871a 23 יַ֖ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=NEH_10:30!13|MId=o160100300132|Strong=3027 24 מֹשֶׁ֣ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moses|Ref=NEH_10:30!14|MId=o160100300141|Strong=4872 25 עֶֽבֶד־ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 appos _ Gloss=the.servant|Ref=NEH_10:30!15|MId=o160100300151|Strong=5650|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=NEH_10:30!16|MId=o160100300161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=NEH_10:30!16|MId=o160100300162|Strong=0430 28-30 וְלִשְׁמ֣וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:30!17|MId=o160100300171|Strong=2050b 29 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_10:30!17|MId=o160100300172|Strong=3807a 30 שְׁמ֣וֹר שָׁמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 15 conj _ Gloss=take.care|Ref=NEH_10:30!17|MId=o160100300173|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:160100290012;160100300031;A1:160100300211;160100300242;160100300252;|Type=infinitive_construct 31-33 וְלַעֲשׂ֗וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:30!18|MId=o160100300181|Strong=2050b 32 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_10:30!18|MId=o160100300182|Strong=3807a 33 עֲשׂ֗וֹת עָשָׂה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 15 conj _ Gloss=do|Ref=NEH_10:30!18|MId=o160100300183|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:160100290012;160100300031;A1:160100300211;160100300242;160100300252;|Type=infinitive_construct 34 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_10:30!19|MId=o160100300191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 35 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=NEH_10:30!20|MId=o160100300201|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 36 מִצְוֺת֙ מִצְוָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.commandments|Ref=NEH_10:30!21|MId=o160100300211|Strong=4687 37 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=NEH_10:30!22|MId=o160100300221|Strong=3068 38-39 אֲדֹנֵ֔ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 אֲדֹנֵ֔י אָדֹון NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 37 appos _ Gloss=lord(s)|Ref=NEH_10:30!23|MId=o160100300231|Strong=0113 39 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_10:30!23|MId=o160100300232|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 40-42 וּמִשְׁפָּטָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:30!24|MId=o160100300241|Strong=2050b 41 מִשְׁפָּטָ֖י מִשְׁפָּט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 36 conj _ Gloss=judgments|Ref=NEH_10:30!24|MId=o160100300242|Strong=4941 42 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NEH_10:30!24|MId=o160100300243|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 43-45 וְחֻקָּֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 44 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:30!25|MId=o160100300251|Strong=2050b 44 חֻקָּֽי חֹק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 36 conj _ Gloss=statutes|Ref=NEH_10:30!25|MId=o160100300252|Strong=2706 45 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NEH_10:30!25|MId=o160100300253|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 46 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 45 punct _ Ref=NEH_10:30!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מַחֲזִיקִים *\[are\] holding* | participle active · hiphil | | | | | | בָאִים *\[they are\] going* | participle active · qal | אֲחֵי *countrymen* | | | | | לֶכֶת *walk* | infinitive construct · qal | אֲחֵי *countrymen* | | | | | נִתְּנָה *it was given* | qatal · niphal | | תוֹרַת *the law* | | | | שְׁמוֹר *take care* | infinitive construct · qal | אֲחֵי *countrymen* | מִצְוֺת *the commandments* + מִשְׁפָּטָי *judgments* + חֻקָּֽי *statutes* | | | | עֲשׂוֹת *do* | infinitive construct · qal | אֲחֵי *countrymen* | מִצְוֺת *the commandments* + מִשְׁפָּטָי *judgments* + חֻקָּֽי *statutes* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [they cleaved to their brethren, their nobles, and entered into a curse, and into an oath, to walk in God's law, which was given by Moses the servant of God, and to observe and do all the commandments of the LORD our Lord, and His ordinances and His statutes;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.309/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:280`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 10:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.10.29/) - next →: [Nehemiah 10:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.10.31/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/10/)