--- title: Nehemiah 10:32 — and if the peoples of the land bring ware or any victuals on the sab… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and if the peoples of the land bring ware or any victuals on the sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy of them on the sabbath, or on a holy day; and that we would forego the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt. Who acts: peoples, we. Nehemiah 10:32 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.10.32/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/10/) / 10:32 # Nehemiah 10:32 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** peoples, we · **What happens:** bring, sell, not buy, forego, exact · **To what, where:** ware, sabbath, debt This is Nehemiah 10:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — peoples, we — and what happens in the verse to ware, sabbath, debt, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַמֵּ֣י הָאָ֡רֶץ הַֽמְבִיאִים֩ אֶת־הַמַּקָּח֨וֹת וְכָל־שֶׁ֜בֶר בְּי֤וֹם הַשַּׁבָּת֙ לִמְכּ֔וֹר לֹא־נִקַּ֥ח מֵהֶ֛ם בַּשַּׁבָּ֖ת וּבְי֣וֹם קֹ֑דֶשׁ וְנִטֹּ֛שׁ אֶת־הַשָּׁנָ֥ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֖ית וּמַשָּׁ֥א כָל־יָֽד׃ [and if the peoples of the land bring ware or any victuals on the sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy of them on the sabbath, or on a holy day; and that we would forego the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.311/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:282 # text = וְעַמֵּ֣י הָאָ֡רֶץ הַֽמְבִיאִים֩ אֶת־הַמַּקָּח֨וֹת וְכָל־שֶׁ֜בֶר בְּי֤וֹם הַשַּׁבָּת֙ לִמְכּ֔וֹר לֹא־נִקַּ֥ח מֵהֶ֛ם בַּשַּׁבָּ֖ת וּבְי֣וֹם קֹ֑דֶשׁ וְנִטֹּ֛שׁ אֶת־הַשָּׁנָ֥ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֖ית וּמַשָּׁ֥א כָל־יָֽד׃ # verse = NEH.10.32 1-2 וְעַמֵּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:32!1|MId=o160100320011|Strong=2050b 2 עַמֵּ֣י עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 dislocated _ Gloss=the.peoples|Ref=NEH_10:32!1|MId=o160100320012|Strong=5971 3-4 הָאָ֡רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_10:32!2|MId=o160100320021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אָ֡רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=NEH_10:32!2|MId=o160100320022|Strong=0776 5-6 הַֽמְבִיאִים֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַֽ הַ SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=NEH_10:32!3|MId=o160100320031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 מְבִיאִים֩ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 2 appos _ Gloss=bring|Ref=NEH_10:32!3|MId=o160100320032|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:160100320012;A0:160100320052;160100320071;|Type=participle_active 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_10:32!4|MId=o160100320041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הַמַּקָּח֨וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_10:32!5|MId=o160100320051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מַּקָּח֨וֹת מַקָּחֹות NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 6 obj _ Gloss=wares|Ref=NEH_10:32!5|MId=o160100320052|Strong=4728 10-11 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:32!6|MId=o160100320061|Strong=2050b 11 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=any|Ref=NEH_10:32!6|MId=o160100320062|Strong=3605 12 שֶׁ֜בֶר שֶׁבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=grain|Ref=NEH_10:32!7|MId=o160100320071|Strong=7668 13-14 בְּי֤וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NEH_10:32!8|MId=o160100320081|Strong=0871a 14 י֤וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.day|Ref=NEH_10:32!8|MId=o160100320082|Strong=3117 15-16 הַשַּׁבָּת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_10:32!9|MId=o160100320091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 שַּׁבָּת֙ שַׁבָּת NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sabbath|Ref=NEH_10:32!9|MId=o160100320092|Strong=7676 17-18 לִמְכּ֔וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_10:32!10|MId=o160100320101|Strong=3807a 18 מְכּ֔וֹר מָכַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 6 advcl _ Gloss=sell|Ref=NEH_10:32!10|MId=o160100320102|Strong=4376|Frame=A0:160100320012;A1:160100320052;160100320071;|Type=infinitive_construct 19 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NEH_10:32!11|MId=o160100320111|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 20 נִקַּ֥ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=we.will.take|Ref=NEH_10:32!12|MId=o160100320121|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:160100020031;160100290012;160100300031;A1:160100320052;160100320071;|Type=yiqtol 21-22 מֵהֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NEH_10:32!13|MId=o160100320131|Strong=4480 22 הֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=NEH_10:32!13|MId=o160100320132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23-25 בַּשַּׁבָּ֖ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NEH_10:32!14|MId=o160100320141|Strong=0871a 24 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_10:32!14|MId=o160100320141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 שַּׁבָּ֖ת שַׁבָּת NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=sabbath|Ref=NEH_10:32!14|MId=o160100320142|Strong=7676 26-28 וּבְי֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:32!15|MId=o160100320151|Strong=2050b 27 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NEH_10:32!15|MId=o160100320152|Strong=0871a 28 י֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=a.day|Ref=NEH_10:32!15|MId=o160100320153|Strong=3117 29 קֹ֑דֶשׁ קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.holiness|Ref=NEH_10:32!16|MId=o160100320161|Strong=6944 30-31 וְנִטֹּ֛שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:32!17|MId=o160100320171|Strong=2050b 31 נִטֹּ֛שׁ נָטַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 20 conj _ Gloss=we.will.leave|Ref=NEH_10:32!17|MId=o160100320172|Strong=5203|Frame=A0:160100020031;160100290012;160100300031;A1:160100320192;160100320212;|Type=yiqtol 32 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_10:32!18|MId=o160100320181|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 33-34 הַשָּׁנָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_10:32!19|MId=o160100320191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 שָּׁנָ֥ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 31 obj _ Gloss=year|Ref=NEH_10:32!19|MId=o160100320192|Strong=8141 35-36 הַשְּׁבִיעִ֖ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_10:32!20|MId=o160100320201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 שְּׁבִיעִ֖ית שְׁבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 34 nummod _ Gloss=seventh|Ref=NEH_10:32!20|MId=o160100320202|Strong=7637|Type=ordinal_number 37-38 וּמַשָּׁ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_10:32!21|MId=o160100320211|Strong=2050b 38 מַשָּׁ֥א מַשָּׁא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 conj _ Gloss=usury|Ref=NEH_10:32!21|MId=o160100320212|Strong=4855 39 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.every|Ref=NEH_10:32!22|MId=o160100320221|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 40 יָֽד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 39 compound:smixut _ Gloss=hand|Ref=NEH_10:32!23|MId=o160100320231|Strong=3027|SpaceAfter=No 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=NEH_10:32!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מְבִיאִים *bring* | participle active · hiphil | מַּקָּחוֹת *wares* + שֶׁבֶר *grain* | | | עַמֵּי *the peoples* | | מְכּוֹר *sell* | infinitive construct · qal | עַמֵּי *the peoples* | מַּקָּחוֹת *wares* + שֶׁבֶר *grain* | | | | **not** נִקַּח *we will take* | yiqtol · qal | | מַּקָּחוֹת *wares* + שֶׁבֶר *grain* | | | | נִטֹּשׁ *we will leave* | yiqtol · qal | | שָּׁנָה *year* + מַשָּׁא *usury* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and if the peoples of the land bring ware or any victuals on the sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy of them on the sabbath, or on a holy day; and that we would forego the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.311/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:282`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 10:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.10.31/) - next →: [Nehemiah 10:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.10.33/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/10/)