--- title: Nehemiah 12:37 — and by the fountain gate, and straight before them, they went up by… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and by the fountain gate, and straight before them, they went up by the stairs of the city of David, at the going up of the wall, above the house of David, even unto the water gate eastward. Who acts: gates. Nehemiah 12:37 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clau --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.12.37/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/12/) / 12:37 # Nehemiah 12:37 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** gates · **What happens:** go up · **To what, where:** going This is Nehemiah 12:37 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — gates — and what happens in the verse to going, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַל֩ שַׁ֨עַר הָעַ֜יִן וְנֶגְדָּ֗ם עָלוּ֙ עַֽל־מַעֲלוֹת֙ עִ֣יר דָּוִ֔יד בַּֽמַּעֲלֶ֖ה לַחוֹמָ֑ה מֵעַל֙ לְבֵ֣ית דָּוִ֔יד וְעַ֛ד שַׁ֥עַר הַמַּ֖יִם מִזְרָֽח׃ [and by the fountain gate, and straight before them, they went up by the stairs of the city of David, at the going up of the wall, above the house of David, even unto the water gate eastward.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.395/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:363 # text = וְעַל֩ שַׁ֨עַר הָעַ֜יִן וְנֶגְדָּ֗ם עָלוּ֙ עַֽל־מַעֲלוֹת֙ עִ֣יר דָּוִ֔יד בַּֽמַּעֲלֶ֖ה לַחוֹמָ֑ה מֵעַל֙ לְבֵ֣ית דָּוִ֔יד וְעַ֛ד שַׁ֥עַר הַמַּ֖יִם מִזְרָֽח׃ # verse = NEH.12.37 1-2 וְעַל֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:37!1|MId=o160120370011|Strong=2050b 2 עַל֩ עַל ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=NEH_12:37!1|MId=o160120370012|Strong=5921 3 שַׁ֨עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=NEH_12:37!2|MId=o160120370021|Strong=8179 4-5 הָעַ֜יִן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_12:37!3|MId=o160120370031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 עַ֜יִן עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.spring|Ref=NEH_12:37!3|MId=o160120370032|Strong=5869 6-8 וְנֶגְדָּ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:37!4|MId=o160120370041|Strong=2050b 7 נֶגְדּ נֶגֶד NOUN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=before|Ref=NEH_12:37!4|MId=o160120370042|Strong=5048 8 ָ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=themselves|Ref=NEH_12:37!4|MId=o160120370043|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9 עָלוּ֙ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.went.up|Ref=NEH_12:37!5|MId=o160120370051|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:160120350041;160120360012;160120360152;|Type=qatal 10 עַֽל־ עַל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NEH_12:37!6|MId=o160120370061|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 11 מַעֲלוֹת֙ מַעֲלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 9 obl _ Gloss=the.steps|Ref=NEH_12:37!7|MId=o160120370071|Strong=4609 12 עִ֣יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.city|Ref=NEH_12:37!8|MId=o160120370081|Strong=5892 13 דָּוִ֔יד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=NEH_12:37!9|MId=o160120370091|Strong=1732 14-16 בַּֽמַּעֲלֶ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בַּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=NEH_12:37!10|MId=o160120370101|Strong=0871a 15 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_12:37!10|MId=o160120370101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 מַּעֲלֶ֖ה מַעֲלֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=ascent|Ref=NEH_12:37!10|MId=o160120370102|Strong=4608 17-19 לַחוֹמָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_12:37!11|MId=o160120370111|Strong=3807a 18 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_12:37!11|MId=o160120370111ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 חוֹמָ֑ה חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 nmod _ Gloss=wall|Ref=NEH_12:37!11|MId=o160120370112|Strong=2346 20-21 מֵעַל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NEH_12:37!12|MId=o160120370121|Strong=4480 21 עַל֙ עַל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=above|Ref=NEH_12:37!12|MId=o160120370122|Strong=5921 22-23 לְבֵ֣ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_12:37!13|MId=o160120370131|Strong=3807a 23 בֵ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=NEH_12:37!13|MId=o160120370132|Strong=1004 24 דָּוִ֔יד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=NEH_12:37!14|MId=o160120370141|Strong=1732 25-26 וְעַ֛ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:37!15|MId=o160120370151|Strong=2050b 26 עַ֛ד עַד ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_12:37!15|MId=o160120370152|Strong=5704 27 שַׁ֥עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=NEH_12:37!16|MId=o160120370161|Strong=8179 28-29 הַמַּ֖יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_12:37!17|MId=o160120370171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 מַּ֖יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.water|Ref=NEH_12:37!17|MId=o160120370172|Strong=4325 30 מִזְרָֽח מִזְרָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=east|Ref=NEH_12:37!18|MId=o160120370181|Strong=4217|SpaceAfter=No 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=NEH_12:37!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָלוּ *they went up* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and by the fountain gate, and straight before them, they went up by the stairs of the city of David, at the going up of the wall, above the house of David, even unto the water gate eastward.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.395/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:363`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 12:36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.12.36/) - next →: [Nehemiah 12:38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.12.38/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/12/)