--- title: Nehemiah 12:39 — and above the gate of Ephraim, and by the gate of the old city and b… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and above the gate of Ephraim, and by the gate of the old city and by the fish gate, and the tower of Hananel, and the tower of Hammeah, even unto the sheep gate; and they stood still in the gate of the guard. Who acts: gates. Nehemiah 12:39 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragm --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.12.39/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/12/) / 12:39 # Nehemiah 12:39 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** gates · **What happens:** stand · **To what, where:** gate This is Nehemiah 12:39 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — gates — and what happens in the verse to gate, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּמֵעַ֣ל לְשַֽׁעַר־אֶ֠פְרַיִם וְעַל־שַׁ֨עַר הַיְשָׁנָ֜ה שַׁ֨עַר הַיְשָׁנָ֜ה וְעַל־שַׁ֣עַר הַדָּגִ֗ים וּמִגְדַּ֤ל חֲנַנְאֵל֙ וּמִגְדַּ֣ל הַמֵּאָ֔ה וְעַ֖ד שַׁ֣עַר הַצֹּ֑אןוְעָ֣מְד֔וּ בְּשַׁ֖עַר הַמַּטָּרָֽה׃ [and above the gate of Ephraim, and by the gate of the old city and by the fish gate, and the tower of Hananel, and the tower of Hammeah, even unto the sheep gate; and they stood still in the gate of the guard.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.397/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:365 # text = וּמֵעַ֣ל לְשַֽׁעַר־אֶ֠פְרַיִם וְעַל־שַׁ֨עַר הַיְשָׁנָ֜ה שַׁ֨עַר הַיְשָׁנָ֜ה וְעַל־שַׁ֣עַר הַדָּגִ֗ים וּמִגְדַּ֤ל חֲנַנְאֵל֙ וּמִגְדַּ֣ל הַמֵּאָ֔ה וְעַ֖ד שַׁ֣עַר הַצֹּ֑אןוְעָ֣מְד֔וּ בְּשַׁ֖עַר הַמַּטָּרָֽה׃ # verse = NEH.12.39 1-3 וּמֵעַ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:39!1|MId=o160120390011|Strong=2050b 2 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NEH_12:39!1|MId=o160120390012|Strong=4480 3 עַ֣ל עַל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=NEH_12:39!1|MId=o160120390013|Strong=5921 4-5 לְשַֽׁעַר־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_12:39!2|MId=o160120390021|Strong=3807a 5 שַֽׁעַר־ שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=NEH_12:39!2|MId=o160120390022|Strong=8179 6 אֶ֠פְרַיִם אֶפְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ephraim|Ref=NEH_12:39!3|MId=o160120390031|Strong=0669 7-8 וְעַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:39!4|MId=o160120390041|Strong=2050b 8 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=NEH_12:39!4|MId=o160120390042|Strong=5921 9 שַׁ֨עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=[the].gate|Ref=NEH_12:39!5|MId=o160120390051 10 הַיְשָׁנָ֜ה _ NOUN _ _ 9 flat _ Ref=NEH_12:39!5 11 שַׁ֨עַר הַ PROPN _ _ 9 nmod _ Gloss=of.(the).Jeshanah|Ref=NEH_12:39!6|MId=o160120390061 12 הַיְשָׁנָ֜ה _ PROPN _ _ 11 flat:name _ Ref=NEH_12:39!6 13-14 וְעַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:39!7|MId=o160120390071|Strong=2050b 14 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=NEH_12:39!7|MId=o160120390072|Strong=5921 15 שַׁ֣עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=NEH_12:39!8|MId=o160120390081|Strong=8179 16-17 הַדָּגִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_12:39!9|MId=o160120390091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 דָּגִ֗ים דָּג NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.fish(es)|Ref=NEH_12:39!9|MId=o160120390092|Strong=1709 18-19 וּמִגְדַּ֤ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:39!10|MId=o160120390101|Strong=2050b 19 מִגְדַּ֤ל מִגְדָּל NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=the.tower|Ref=NEH_12:39!10|MId=o160120390102|Strong=4026 20 חֲנַנְאֵל֙ חֲנַנְאֵל PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hananel|Ref=NEH_12:39!11|MId=o160120390111|Strong=2606 21-22 וּמִגְדַּ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:39!12|MId=o160120390121|Strong=2050b 22 מִגְדַּ֣ל מִגְדָּל NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=the.tower|Ref=NEH_12:39!12|MId=o160120390122|Strong=4026 23-24 הַמֵּאָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_12:39!13|MId=o160120390131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 מֵּאָ֔ה מֵאָה NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.hundred|Ref=NEH_12:39!13|MId=o160120390132|Strong=3968|Type=cardinal_number 25-26 וְעַ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:39!14|MId=o160120390141|Strong=2050b 26 עַ֖ד עַד ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_12:39!14|MId=o160120390142|Strong=5704 27 שַׁ֣עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=NEH_12:39!15|MId=o160120390151|Strong=8179 28-31 הַצֹּ֑אןוְעָ֣מְד֔וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_12:39!16|MId=o160120390161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 צֹּ֑אן צֹאן NOUN _ Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sheep|Ref=NEH_12:39!16|MId=o160120390162|Strong=6629 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:39!17|MId=o160120390171|Strong=2050b 31 עָ֣מְד֔וּ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.stopped|Ref=NEH_12:39!17|MId=o160120390172|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:160120380013;|Type=qatal 32-33 בְּשַׁ֖עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=NEH_12:39!18|MId=o160120390181|Strong=0871a 33 שַׁ֖עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=NEH_12:39!18|MId=o160120390182|Strong=8179 34-35 הַמַּטָּרָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_12:39!19|MId=o160120390191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 מַּטָּרָֽה מַטָּרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.guard|Ref=NEH_12:39!19|MId=o160120390192|Strong=4307 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=NEH_12:39!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָמְדוּ *they stopped* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and above the gate of Ephraim, and by the gate of the old city and by the fish gate, and the tower of Hananel, and the tower of Hammeah, even unto the sheep gate; and they stood still in the gate of the guard.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.397/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:365`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 12:38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.12.38/) - next →: [Nehemiah 12:40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.12.40/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/12/)