--- title: Nehemiah 12:43 — And they offered great sacrifices that day, and rejoiced; for God ha… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they offered great sacrifices that day, and rejoiced; for God had made them rejoice with great joy; and the women also and the children rejoiced; so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard even afar off. Who acts: singers, God, women. Nehemiah 12:43 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.12.43/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/12/) / 12:43 # Nehemiah 12:43 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** singers, God, women · **What happens:** offer, rejoice, make, hear, joy · **To what, where:** great sacrifices, singers, joy, Jerusalem This is Nehemiah 12:43 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — singers, God, women — and what happens in the verse to great sacrifices, singers, joy, Jerusalem, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּזְבְּח֣וּ בַיּוֹם־הַ֠הוּא זְבָחִ֨ים גְּדוֹלִ֜ים וַיִּשְׂמָ֗חוּ כִּ֤י הָאֱלֹהִים֙ שִׂמְּחָם֙ שִׂמְחָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וְגַ֧ם הַנָּשִׁ֛ים וְהַיְלָדִ֖ים שָׂמֵ֑חוּ וַתִּשָּׁמַ֛ע שִׂמְחַ֥ת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם מֵרָחֽוֹק׃ [And they offered great sacrifices that day, and rejoiced; for God had made them rejoice with great joy; and the women also and the children rejoiced; so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard even afar off.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.402/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:369 # text = וַיִּזְבְּח֣וּ בַיּוֹם־הַ֠הוּא זְבָחִ֨ים גְּדוֹלִ֜ים וַיִּשְׂמָ֗חוּ כִּ֤י הָאֱלֹהִים֙ שִׂמְּחָם֙ שִׂמְחָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וְגַ֧ם הַנָּשִׁ֛ים וְהַיְלָדִ֖ים שָׂמֵ֑חוּ וַתִּשָּׁמַ֛ע שִׂמְחַ֥ת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם מֵרָחֽוֹק׃ # verse = NEH.12.43 1-2 וַיִּזְבְּח֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:43!1|MId=o160120430011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּזְבְּח֣וּ זָבַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.sacrificed|Ref=NEH_12:43!1|MId=o160120430012|Strong=2076|Frame=A0:160120300062;A1:160120430041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בַיּוֹם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NEH_12:43!2|MId=o160120430021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_12:43!2|MId=o160120430021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 יּוֹם־ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=NEH_12:43!2|MId=o160120430022|Strong=3117 6-7 הַ֠הוּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ֠ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_12:43!3|MId=o160120430031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 הוּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=NEH_12:43!3|MId=o160120430032|Strong=1931|Type=personal 8 זְבָחִ֨ים זֶבַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=sacrifices|Ref=NEH_12:43!4|MId=o160120430041|Strong=2077 9 גְּדוֹלִ֜ים גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=NEH_12:43!5|MId=o160120430051|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 10-11 וַיִּשְׂמָ֗חוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:43!6|MId=o160120430061|Strong=2050b 11 יִּשְׂמָ֗חוּ שָׂמַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.rejoiced|Ref=NEH_12:43!6|MId=o160120430062|Strong=8055|Frame=A0:160120300062;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=NEH_12:43!7|MId=o160120430071|Strong=3588 13-14 הָאֱלֹהִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_12:43!8|MId=o160120430081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 אֱלֹהִים֙ אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=NEH_12:43!8|MId=o160120430082|Strong=0430 15-16 שִׂמְּחָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 שִׂמְּח שָׂמַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=NEH_12:43!9|MId=o160120430091|Strong=8055|Frame=A0:160120430082;A1:160120430092;|Type=qatal 16 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=had.made.them.rejoice|Ref=NEH_12:43!9|MId=o160120430092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17 שִׂמְחָ֣ה שִׂמְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=joy|Ref=NEH_12:43!10|MId=o160120430101|Strong=8057 18 גְדוֹלָ֔ה גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=NEH_12:43!11|MId=o160120430111|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 19-20 וְגַ֧ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:43!12|MId=o160120430121|Strong=2050b 20 גַ֧ם גַּם ADV _ _ 26 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=NEH_12:43!12|MId=o160120430122|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 21-22 הַנָּשִׁ֛ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_12:43!13|MId=o160120430131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 נָּשִׁ֛ים אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ Gloss=women|Ref=NEH_12:43!13|MId=o160120430132|Strong=0802 23-25 וְהַיְלָדִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:43!14|MId=o160120430141|Strong=2050b 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_12:43!14|MId=o160120430142|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 יְלָדִ֖ים יֶלֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 conj _ Gloss=children|Ref=NEH_12:43!14|MId=o160120430143|Strong=3206 26 שָׂמֵ֑חוּ שָׂמַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.rejoiced|Ref=NEH_12:43!15|MId=o160120430151|Strong=8055|Frame=A0:160120430132;160120430143;|Type=qatal 27-28 וַתִּשָּׁמַ֛ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_12:43!16|MId=o160120430161|Strong=2050b 28 תִּשָּׁמַ֛ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was.heard|Ref=NEH_12:43!16|MId=o160120430162|Strong=8085|Frame=A1:160120430171;|Type=wayyiqtol 29 שִׂמְחַ֥ת שִׂמְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=the.rejoicing|Ref=NEH_12:43!17|MId=o160120430171|Strong=8057 30 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jerusalem|Ref=NEH_12:43!18|MId=o160120430181|Strong=3389 31-32 מֵרָחֽוֹק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NEH_12:43!19|MId=o160120430191|Strong=4480 32 רָחֽוֹק רָחֹוק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=a.distance|Ref=NEH_12:43!19|MId=o160120430192|Strong=7350|Type=adjective 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=NEH_12:43!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּזְבְּחוּ *they sacrificed* | wayyiqtol · qal | | זְבָחִים *sacrifices* | | | | יִּשְׂמָחוּ *they rejoiced* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | שִׂמְּח *he* | qatal · piel | אֱלֹהִים *God* | ָם *had made them rejoice* | | | | שָׂמֵחוּ *they rejoiced* | qatal · qal | נָּשִׁים *women* + יְלָדִים *children* | | | | | תִּשָּׁמַע *it was heard* | wayyiqtol · niphal | | שִׂמְחַת *the rejoicing* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they offered great sacrifices that day, and rejoiced; for God had made them rejoice with great joy; and the women also and the children rejoiced; so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard even afar off.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.402/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:369`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 12:42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.12.42/) - next →: [Nehemiah 12:44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.12.44/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/12/)